Semantic Web in Enterprise
                    An Agile Startup Perspective

                                 Jeen Broekstra

                           InsightNG Solutions Limited
                           http://www.insightng.com
                         jeen.broekstra@insightng.com



      Abstract. Since the Agile Manifesto was first published, uptake in en-
      terprise of agile methods such as Scrum has been significant. In this
      keynote speech, the speaker explored how, for data-intensive projects
      that aim to be agile, a Semantic Web technology stack can have several
      important benefits over other approaches.


1   Agile Development
Agile development methods such as Scrum and eXtreme Programming (XP) have
over the course of the last several years seen extensive adoption, particularly in
startups and organisations adhering to Lean principles. While these methods
differ somewhat in details, they share a set of base priorities:
 – Individuals and interactions
   over processes and tools
 – Working software
   over comprehensive documentation
 – Customer collaboration
   over contract negotiation
 – Responding to change
   over following a plan

   In essence, a successfully managed agile startup is low on bureaucracy and
overhead and high in flexibility and adaptability, which gives it key competitive
advantages when compared to a traditionally run corporation.


2   Semantic Web in Startups
The speaker’s own tech startup, InsightNG, develops a platform for informa-
tion gathering, mapping and contextualisation, providing insight and answers
supporting knowledge workers in complex decision-making and problem-solving
situations. In order to support the user, data and vocabularies from several
Linked Data sources are reused. The use of such Semantic Web resources pro-
vides InsightNG with several benefits, which the speaker believes can be applied
to other startups also:
 – quick integration of heterogeneous data sources
 – flexible modeling of relevant information
 – powerful querying capabilities

    All of these benefits are of great use in a rapidly developing situation with
changing requirements, such as is common in the development of a new software
product. The data sources used today may differ significantly from the data
sources needed yesterday or tomorrow. By employing Semantic Web ontologies
to structure data, schema changes can be made cheaply and easily, avoiding the
time consuming Extract-Transform-Load type processes commonly associated
with changing schemas in traditional RDBMS systems. Additionally, the low
cost associated with schema changes mean that data integration challenges can
be met on a pay-as-you-go basis, being driven by direct business needs, rather
than be planned far ahead.
    The use of Semantic Web ontologies as knowledge models reduces the need
for documentation, since the model becomes the documentation. This benefit is
particularly useful to small organisations lacking resources for ambitious docu-
mentation projects. It is also helpful in teams with differing language skill sets,
as is common in geographically distributed teams.
    In terms of pitching Semantic Web technologies to investors, the reuse of real-
world Linked Data resources enables an agile company to easily provide venture
capitalists with more realistic demos of their product running on top of real
data. This enables the startup to already from the outset focus on showing how
their product or service provides customer value, which is essential in obtaining
funding.
    All of these benefits illustrate why startups wishing to be agile could them-
selves gain from using Semantic Web technologies. It is however also worth keep-
ing in mind that those startups would not be the only beneficiaries of Semantic
Web technology use, but that the increased use and adoption of these technolo-
gies could benefit the quality of the Web as a whole. Without business backing
and solid customer value being generated, we are unlikely to see a true Web-scale
adoption of these helpful technologies. By getting startups on board, the first
few steps towards a more Open and Semantic Web are being taken.


3   Take Home Message
In summary, academics and practitioners attending this keynote should remem-
ber that:

 – Agile methods and Semantic Web technology are natural partners in crime
 – Pitching Semantic Web technology should focus on its flexibility and its fit
   with agile principles
 – Openness will follow