<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-archivearticle1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <front>
    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Exploiting  BabelNet  for  Multilingual  Biomedical  Synonym  Expansion  </article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>University of Zurich, Institute of Computational Linguistics</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Binzmuehlestr. 14, 8050 Zurich</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="CH">Switzerland</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>Our   challenge   contribution   for   CLEF-­‐ER   consists   in   providing   annotations   for   all   three   corpora   of   the  
challenge   (Medline,   EMEA,   Patents)   for   the   languages   French   and   German.   The   objective   of   these  
experiments   is   to   verify   whether   a   general   multilingual   ontological   resource   as   BabelNet  
(http://babelnet.org)   can   be   used   to   substantially   enrich   the   terminology   provided   by   the   challenge  
organizers.   In   order   to   reach   this   goal   we   also   applied   methods   to   create   morphological   variants   of   all  
terms   found   in   the   original   terminology   and   the   new   ones   derived   from   BabelNet.   BabelNet   contains  
connections   between   Wikipedia   pages   in   different   languages.   For   every   English   concept   there   are,   (1)  
cross-­‐lingual  links  to  pages  about  the  concept  (e.g.,  English  Dodecanol  links  to  a  French  page  Dodécan-­‐1-­‐
ol),  (2)  mono-­‐lingual  redirections  to  alias  pages  (e.g.,  French  Alcool  laurylique  redirects  to  Dodécan-­‐1-­‐ol),  
(3)  translations   of   the   Wikipedia   concepts   and   WordNet   translations   of   the   concept   (e.g.,   the   English  
Dodecanol   translates   to   the   French   concept   dodécanol).   All   synonym   candidates   extracted   from  
BabelNet   via   the   English   terms   from   the   provided   terminology   of   the   challenge   were   post-­‐processed.  
We   removed   Wikipedia   topic   markers   of   ambiguous   names   and   lowercased   the   resulting   terms.   This  
resulted   in   additional   42,000   German   and   38,000   French   synonym   candidates.   For   these   (multi   word)  
terms,   also   morphological   variants   were   built:   French   variants   by   our   grammar-­‐based   generator   (see  
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/58113),   German   variants   by   applying   the   commercial   morphological   analyzer  
GERTWOL   (http://www.lingsoft.fi/analysis)   to   the   texts   from   the   parallel   corpora   and   terminology  
entries.   If   two   different   words   have   the   same   lemma   according   to   GERTWOL,   we   treat   these   words   as  
morphological   variants.   In   order   to   reduce   the   noise   introduced   by   the   semantic   and   morphological  
term   expansion,   we   applied   the   term   candidates   to   all   parallel   corpora   of   the   challenge   using   the  
Ontogeny   term   matcher   (http://ontogene.org).   We   kept   only   those   candidates   that   had   at   least   1  
corresponding  Concept  Unique  Identifier  in  the  parallel  sentence  from  the  English  silver  standard  corpus  
(SSC)  provided  by  the  challenge  organizers.    For  the  final  named  entity  recognition  step  performed  again  
by   the   OntoGene   term   matcher,   we   combined   the   newly   created   terminology   and   the   originally  
provided   one   (including   morphological   variants   produced   as   described   above).   The   quality   of   our  
terminology  enrichment  depends  crucially  upon  the  quality  of  the  BabelNet  synonym  relations.  </p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list />
  </back>
</article>