    <D]ÕOÕP*HOLúWLUPHYe Test Döngüsü Üzerinde Süreç
                   0DGHQFLOL÷L<DNODúÕPÕ

                         Rabia Saylam1* ve Ozgur Koray Sahingoz2
           1 %LOJLVD\DU0KHQGLVOL÷i Bölümü, Hava Harp Okulu, Istanbul, Türkiye

                                  rsaylam@hvkk.tsk.tr
           2
               %LOJLVD\DU0KHQGLVOL÷L%|OP+DYD+DUS2NXOX, Istanbul, Türkiye
                                  sahingoz@hho.edu.tr


       Özet. 9HULPDGHQFLOL÷LLOHEDúOD\DQE\NYHULQLQLúOHQPHVLYHDQDOL]HGLOPHVL
       \DNODúÕPÕ VRQ \ÕOODUGD VUHo RGDNOÕ ELU DUDúWÕUPD DODQÕQÕ RUWD\D oÕNDUGÕ 6UHo
       PDGHQFLOL÷L EXJQQ ELOJL VLVWHPOHULQGH NROD\FD HULúLOHELOHQ ROD\ JQONOHUL
       YHULELOJLVL\OHJHUoHNVUHoOHULRUWD\DoÕNDUWPD\ÕNHúIHWPH\LNRQWUROHWPH\LYH
       JHOLúWLUPH\LDPDoOD\DQELULúVUHoOHUL \|QHWLPLWHNQRORMLVLGLUøú6UHo0RGHO
       leme (Business Process Modelling-%30  DQDOL]OHULQL JHOLúWLUPH\L KHGHIOH\HQ
       QLVSHWHQ\HQLYHJHOLúPHNWHRODQELUDUDúWÕUPDDODQÕGÕU 6UHoPDGHQFLOL÷LQLQHQ
       ]RUNÕVPÕX\JXQYHULQLQX\JXQWDEORYHDODQODUGDQoÕNDUÕOPDVÕGÕU%XoDOÕúPD
       GD6$3NXOODQDQELU\D]ÕOÕPNXUXPXQGDNL \D]ÕOÕP JHOLúWLUPHYHWHVWG|QJV
       ROD\JQONOHULDOÕQDUDNELUDQDOL]\DSÕOPDNWDGÕU%LQOHUFHYHULQLQEXOXQGX÷XEX
       VLVWHPGHJHUHNOLYHULOHULOJLOLWDEORODUGDQoÕNDUÕOPDNWDGÕU. Veri, süreç madenci-
       OL÷LDUDoODUÕLoLQJHoHUOLIRUPDWRODQ0;0/IRUPDWÕQDG|QúWUOmektedir. Sü-
       UHoPDGHQFLOL÷L\DQLYHULLúOHPHDúDPDVÕQDJHOLQGL÷LQGH3UR0YH',6&2DUDo
       ODUÕDoÕNODQPDNWDGÕU. YD]ÕOÕPJHOLúWLUPHYHWHVWG|QJVVUHFLQLQELU\ÕOOÕNYH
       risi ile organizasyondaki ROJXDNWLYLWHNLúLYH]DPDQLVWDWLVWLNOHULRUWD\D NRQ
       PDNWDGÕU


       Anahtar Kelimeler: 6UHo 0DGHQFLOL÷L 3UR0 ',6&2 6UHo 0DGHQFLOL÷L
       Analizleri.


1      *LULú

Bilgi sistemleri kabiliyetlerinin son \ÕOGDE\NRUDQGDJHQLúOHGL÷LJ|UOPHNWHGLU.
Bu ilerlemeler soQXFXVDNODQDQYHVLVWHPOHUDUDVÕWDúÕQDQYHULPLNWDUÕQGDROD÷DQVW
DUWÕúODUPH\GDQDJHOmektedir.XUXPODUGH÷LúHQYHJHOLúHQoHYUHLOHELUOLNWHLúVUHo
OHULQLEX YHULOHUL NXOODQDUDN PHYFXWGXUXPDDGDSWHHWPHN]RUXQGDGÕUODU $QFDNWP
GH÷LúLNOLNOHU VRQXFXQGD EDúODQJÕo PRGHOLQGHQ IDUNOÕ \D GD X\JXODQDPD\DQ PRGHOOHU
RUWD\D oÕNPDNWDGÕU %X PRGHOOHUL JHOLúWLUPHN LoLQ LQVDQODUÕQ YH SURVHGUOHULQ QDVÕO
oDOÕúWÕ÷ÕQÕQVUHoROD\ORJODUÕQGDQRUWD\DoÕNPDVÕID\GDOÕRODELOLU


                                                  648
6UHoJLUGLOHULQoÕNWÕODUDG|QúPQVD÷OD\DQELUELUL\OHLOLúNLOLYH\DHWNLOHúHQIDDOL
yetler kümesidir(ISO 9000). øú VUHoOHULPDGHQFLOL÷L\DGDVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LNÕVDELU
biçimde, saklanan verinin analizi için yenilikçi bir analiz yolu getiren ve olay günlük-
leri ile karar vericilere büyük rHVPL VXQDUDN Lú VUHoOHULQL L\LOHúWLUPH\L DPDoOD\DQ
JHOLúPHNWHRODQELUDUDúWÕUPDDODQÕGÕU%X|]HOOL÷LQHGHQL\OHED]ÕDUDúWÕUPDFÕODUVUHo
PDGHQFLOL÷LQL ELU WU PDNLQH |÷UHQPH J|UHYL RODUDN WDQÕPODmaktadÕU >@ $QD ILNLU
DQDOL]ELOJLVLVWHPLWDUDIÕQGDQ ND\GHGLOHQJQONOHUGHQHOGHHGLOHQED]ÕNULWLNELOJLOHUL
|÷UHQPHN \DGDoÕNDUPDNWÕU 7HPHOGHROD\ JQONOHULDQDOL]VLVWHPLQGHELUIDDOL\HW
\D GD GXUXPD EDNDUDN ROD\ODU KDNNÕQGD JHUHNOL ELOJLOHUL LoHULU 6$3 JLEL Kurumsal
Kaynak Planlama sistemleri, iQVDQODU YH LúOHPOHUL NDSVD\DQ WP LúOHPOHUL ND\GHWWL
÷LQGHQVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LLoLQL\LELU|UQHNRODUDNNDEXOHGLOHELOLUgWH\DQGDQ0úWH
ULøOLúNLOHUL<|QHWLPLVLVWHPOHULPúWHULOHULLOHRODQDQDHWNLOHúLPOHULORJODUODU%XWLS
süreçler yeterince analiz HGLOHPH]VHGDUER÷D]ODUÕ\DNDODPDNYH\DDWODQDQDOWVUHoOH
UL\DNDODPDNoRN]RURODFDNWÕU%XQHGHQOHVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LWHNQLNOHULNXOODQÕODUDN
KDWD\DSPDRODVÕOÕ÷ÕD]DOÕUYHIÕUVDWODUÕ\DNDODPDúDQVÕDUWDU


2      /LWHUDWU$UDúWÕUPDVÕ

6UHo 0DGHQFLOL÷L ùHNLO 1 [2@¶GH J|VWHULOGL÷L JLEL Lú ]HNkVÕ úHPVL\HVL DOWÕQGD NDUDU
YHUPHVLVWHPOHULQLGHVWHNOH\LFLELOJLOHUVXQPD\ÕKHGHIOHU%XQRNWDGD øú VUHo]HNkVÕ
YHPRGHOOHPHQRWDV\RQODUÕDQODúÕOPDOÕGÕU


                                  ùHNLO1 øú=HNDVÕùHPVL\HVL


2.1    øú6UHoOHUL=HNkVÕ
6UHo JQONOHULQLQ ELU DPEDU LoHULVLQGH WHPL]OHQPHVL WRSODQPDVÕ YH Lú VUHoOHUL
]HNkVÕ (Business Process Intelligence-BPI) teknolojileri ile analiz edilmesi sonucu
JHoPLúWH PH\GDQD JHOHQ GXUXPODU KDNNÕQGD ELOJL VDKLEL ROXQDELOLU %XQXQ \DQÕQGD


                                             649
oDOÕúDQ VUHoOHULQ SRWDQVL\HO SUREOHPOHULQL WDKPLQ HWPHN YH QHGHQ RUWD\D oÕNWÕ÷ÕQÕ
|QFHGHQDoÕNODPDNLoLQ\LQHEXELOJLOHUNXOODQDELOLU3.


2.2     SüUHo0RGHOOHPH1RWDV\RQODUÕ
øú VUHoOHULQH GD\DOÕ \D]ÕOÕP UQOHUL JHOLúWLULUNHQ VUHo DGÕPODUÕ EHOLUOHQLU YH ED]Õ
J|VWHULPVLVWHPOHULEXQODUÕIRUPOHHGHU6UHoPDGHQFLOL÷LWHNQL÷L%301\DGD3HWUL
$÷ODUÕJLELEHOLUOLELUGLONXOODQDUDNPRGHOOHUUHWLU2øú6UHoOHUL0RGHOOHPH1RWDV
\RQX %301 WPNDWÕOÕPFÕODUDUDVÕQGDLOHWLúLPHOVÕNÕúPDYHGRNPDQWDV\RQVD÷
layan bir grafik gösterimidir.


                           ùHkil 2 øú6UHoOHUL0RGHOOHPH1RWDV\RQX

ùHNLO’de [4@%301¶GHNXOODQÕODQQHVQHOHU\HUDOPDNWDGÕU+DIÕ]DGD\HUDODQPRGH
OLQ %301¶GH VUHoOHUH G|QúP KHU ELU DNW|U LoLQ ERú ELU KDYX] ROXúWXUXOPDVÕ\OD
EDúODU6UHoPRGHOLQGHELUEDúODQJÕoROD\ÕYHELUYH\DGDKDID]ODELWLúROD\ÕYDUGÕU
EylePWUQHED÷OÕRODUDNIDDOL\HW\DGDELUDOWVUHoROXúWXUXOXU%D÷ODQWÕlar, eylem-
OHULQ VÕUDVÕQÕ X\JXQ RODUDN \DUDWÕOÕU g]HO 'XUXPODU VUHo PRGHOLQGH D÷ JHoLWOHULne
dönüúU>].


                                          ùHNLO3HWUL$÷Õ
Petri D÷ODUÕ>@Hú]DPDQOÕPRGHOOHPH\HL]LQYHUHQHQHVNLYHHQL\LDUDúWÕUÕOPÕúVUHo
PRGHOOHPHGLOLGLU*UDILNVHOJ|VWUHULPLVH]JLVHOYHEDVLWROPDVÕQDUD÷PHQ\UWOHEL
OLUYHDQDOL]HGLOHELOLUGLU3HWULD÷ODUÕ\HUOHUYHJHoLúOHULLoHUHQLNLSDUoDOÕELUJUDfiktir.
$÷\DSÕVÕVWDWLNWLUDPDDWÕú LOJLOLDNWLYLWHQLQHWNLQOHúPHVLYHPH\GDQDJHOPHVL VWQ
O÷ LOH \|QHWLOHQ MHWRQ D÷ ]HULQGH GRODúÕU +HU \HU ELU GDLUH KHU JHoLú ELr kare ile
J|VWHULOLUùHNLO¶WH\HUJHoLúYHMHWRQEXOXQDQELU3HWUL$÷Õ|UQH÷LEXOXQPDNWDGÕU


                                               650
2.3    øOJLOLdDOÕúPDODU
Rozinat ve arkDGDúODUÕQÕQ\DSWÕ÷ÕoDOÕúPDGD>@*RIUHWWDUD\ÕFÕUHWLFLOHULQGHQ$60/
úLUNHWL WHVW VUHVLQL D]DOWPD\Õ DPDoODPÕúWÕU *RIUHW WDUD\ÕFÕ LoLQ WHVW oRN |QHPOL YH
]DPDQDOÕFÕELUVUHoWLU%XDPDoODWHVWVUHoOHULQH VUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LWHNQLNOHULX\JX
ODQPÕúWÕU+DWDWHVSLWL\HULQHWHVWVUHFLQLQEL]]DWNHQGLVLQHRGDNODQÕOPÕúWÕU7HVWVUH
FL ROD\ JQONOHUL NXOODQÕODELOLUOL÷L LOH NROD\FD ND\GHGLOPHNWHGLU 6UHo PDGHQFLOL÷L
DUDFÕRODUDN3UR0NXOODQÕOPDNWDROXSDQDVRUX³$VOÕQGDWHVWOHUQDVÕOX\JXODQÕU"´GÕU
7HVWIDDOL\HWOHULQLQVLSDULúYHVÕNOÕ÷ÕQÕJ|VWHUHQVUHoPRGHOOHULROD\JQONOHULWHPHO
DOÕQDUDNROXúWXUXOPDNWDYHGDKDVRQUDLGHDOPRGHOLOHNDUúÕODúWÕUÕOPDNWDGÕU6RQXQGD
test sürecinde en çok zaman harcanan süreç RUWD\DoÕNPDNWDGÕU
%LU EDúND oDOÕúPD GD 0DQV YH DUNDGDúODUÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ \DSÕOPÕúWÕU >@ %X oDOÕúPDGD
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ODPDNLoLQVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LNXOODQÕODELOHFH÷LJ|VWHULOPLúWLUdDOÕúPDGDVUHoPDGHQ
FLOL÷L NRQWURO DNÕú SHUVSHNWLIL RUJDQL]DV\RQ SHUVSHNWLIL YH SHUIRUPDQV SHUVSHNWLIL
ROPDN]HUHoSHUVSHNWLIHGD\DQPDNWDGÕU
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X\JXODPD RODUDN DOÕQPDNWDGÕU .XOODQÕODQ WHNQLNOH GHQHWLP DODQÕQGD PHYFXW GH÷HU
OHQGLUPH X\JXODPDODUÕ\OD RUWD\D oÕNPDVÕ EHNOHQPH\HQ ROD÷DQGÕúÕ LúOHPOHU RUWD\D
oÕNDUÕOPDNWDGÕU $PDo Lo GHQHWoLOHULQ mevcut denetim tekniklerini kullanarak tespit
HGHPHGLNOHUL ROD÷DQ GÕúÕ LúOHP YH LOLúNLOHUL DOJÕODPDODUÕQD L]LQ YHUPHNWLU 6UHo PD
GHQFLOL÷LWHNQLNOHULNXOODQÕODUDNRQD\ODQPDPÕú|GHPHOHUúLUNHWSURVHGUOHULLKODOOHUL
YH\DJ|UHYoHNIDUNODUÕJLELLOJLQoGurumlar tespit edilmektedir.
AalsWYH*XQWKHU¶LQoDOÕúPDVÕQÕQ>@LNLIDUNOÕJ|UúYDUGÕUøONRODUDNNODVLNVHQWH]
\DNODúÕPODUÕQVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LQHJ|UH³DúÕUÕX\JXQOX÷D´H÷LOLPOLROPDODUÕVHEHEL\OH
\DUDUVÕ] ROGX÷X NDQÕWODQPDNWDGÕU 6UHo PDGHQFLOL÷L ³\HWHUVL] X\JXQOXN´ YH ³DúÕUÕ
X\JXQOXN´DUDVÕQGDGHQJHNXUDUøNLQFLRODUDNJHUoHN\DúDPVUHoOHULoRNNXOODQÕODQ
VUHoNHúLIWHNQLNOHULLOHVSDJHWWLPRGHOJLELPRGHOOHQPLúWLU%XJHUoHNoR÷XQOXNOD
\DúDP VUHoOHULQLQ NDUPDúÕN YH \DSÕODQGÕUÕOPDPÕú VUHoOHU ROPDVÕQGDQ ND\QDNODQ
PDNWDGÕU %X QHGHQOH PRGHO EDVLWOHúWLUPH WHNQLNOHUL EX oDOÕúPDGD VXQXOPDNWDGÕU
6R\XWODPDYHNPHOHPHGDKDL\LDQODúÕOÕUPRGHOOHUROXúWXUPDNLoLQNXOODQÕOPDNWDGÕU


3      6UHo0DGHQFLOL÷LYH*HOLúWLULOHQ8\JXODPD

3.1    6UHo0DGHQFLOL÷L
,((( oDOÕúma grubuna göre o oHúLW VUHo PDGHQFLOL÷L WLSL YDUGÕU %XQODU VÕUDVÕ\OD
|QFELOJLOHUROPDGDQROD\ORJODUÕQGDQPRGHOROXúXPXLOHLOJLOHQHQ .HúLI; var olan
VUHoOHU LOH ORJODUGDQ NHúIHGLOPLú VUHoOHULQ NDUúÕODúWÕUÕOPDVÕ YH X\XPOXOXN YHYH\D
VDSPDODUÕWHspit edilmesini amaçlayan 8\XP.RQWURO7HNQL÷L; ve son olarak önce-


                                             651
GHQYDURODQPRGHOLROD\ORJODUÕQGDQHOGHHGLOHQELOJLOHUOHJHQLúOHWPH\DGDJHOLúWLU
meyi amaçlayan *HOLúWLUPH¶dir [10].
ProM [5@ HQ \D\JÕQ YH SRSXODU VUHo PDGHQFLOL÷L DUDFÕGÕU 6UHo 0DGHQFLOL÷L 3ODW
IRUPODUÕQDD\UÕELUDUDoRODUDNHNOHQWLRODELOHQELUoRNDOJRULWPDYDUGÕUYH3UR0WP
madencilik özelliklerini tek bir sistemde kapsayan en büyük platform olarak kabul
HGLOLU )DUNOÕ DOJRULWPDODU VUHoOHUL NHúIHWPH VRV\DO D÷ DQDOL]L \D GD Lú NXUDOODUÕQÕ
GR÷UXODPDJLELIDUNOÕDPDoODUÕKHGHIOHU>@%XDUDoDoÕNND\QDNYHJHQLúOHWLOHELOLUGLU
%DúNDELUGH\LúOH\HQLHNOHQWLOHU\DUDWÕODUDNJHOLúWLULOHELOLU%XJQHNDGDU¶LQ]H
ULQGHHNOHQWLEXDUDFDGDKLOHGLOPLúWLU(QX\JXQYH|QHPOLRODQHNOentiler madencilik
]HULQH RODQODUGÕU $OID $OJRULWPDVÕ 6H]JLVHO 0DGHQFLOLN $OJRULWPDVÕ YH 6RV\DO $÷
$QDOL]LNXOODQÕODQVUHoPDGHQFLOL÷LDOJRULWPDODUÕGÕU
DISCO, Fluxicon [11] WDUDIÕQGDQ WDPDPHQ VUHo PDGHQFLOL÷L LoLQ KD]ÕUODQPÕú ELU
\D]ÕOÕPGÕU',6&2RWRPDWLNVUHoNHúILVUHoKDULWDVÕDQLPDV\RQXGHWD\OÕLVWDWLVWLN
ler, filtreleme, veri girdi-oÕNWÕVÕYHSURMH\|QHWLPLJLELDPDoODULoLQNXOODQÕOPDNWDGÕU


3.2    *HOLúWLULOHQ8\JXODPD

Uygulama 6$3 9HULLúOHPHGH6LVWHPOHU8\JXODPDODUYHhUQOHU NXOODQDQELUNuru-
OXúWD <D]ÕOÕP *HOLúWLUPH YH 7HVW G|QJV VUHFL ROD\ JQONOHULQLQ D\ÕNODQDUDN \D
SÕOPÕúWÕU [12]. 30.000’in üzerinde personeli olan, Mali Muhasebe (FI), Malzeme Yö-
QHWLPL 00 .DOLWH<|QHWLPL 40 3URMH6LVWHPOHUL 36 YHøQVDQ.D\QDNODUÕ ø. 
modülleriQGH \D]ÕOÕP JHOLúWLUPH YH EDNÕP VRUXPOXOX÷X RODQ \D]ÕOÕP NXUXPXQGDNL
¶LQ]HULQGH\D]ÕOÕPJHOLúWLUPHVUHFLGXUXPXNHúIHGLOPHNWHGLU
<D]ÕOÕP GH÷LúLNOLN LVWH÷L GXUXPXQGD LKWL\Do WDQÕPODPDVÕQGDQ VRQUD LON RODUDN GH÷L
úLNOLN \DSÕODFDN LúOHP NRGX\OD LOLúNLOL 62/0$1 PHVDMÕ \DUDWÕOÕU .LúLOHU DUDVÕQGDNL
mesaj iletimi “Message Processor´DODQÕQDKHGHINLúLQLQ,'¶VLQLQHNOHQPHVLLOHJHU
oHNOHúLU 0HVDMÕQ GXUXPX ³Status´ DODQÕQÕQGDQ JQFHOOHQLU  %X PHVDM WHNLOGLU +HU
PHVDMELUGXUXPDNDUúÕOÕNJHOLUYH³NLúL”, “durum” ve “zaman´GH÷LúNHQOHULQHVDKLSWLU
7DVDUODQDQ ELU SURJUDPOD ³PHVDM QXPDUDVÕ NXOODQÕFÕ ]DPDQ DWDQDQ NLúL YH DWDQDQ
VWDW´YHULOHULHOGHHGLOPHNWHGLU%XYHULOHU;/6IRUPDWÕQGDDOÕQDUDN|QFH&69VRQUD
0;0/IRUPDWODUÕQDG|QúWUOPúWU
'|QúP VRQXFXQGD oÕNDQ LVWDWLVWLNOHU >13@¶GH \HU DODQ NÕODYX] ÕúÕ÷ÕQGD GH÷HUOHQGL
ULOPLúWLU
',6&2DUDFÕLOHDOÕQDQDQDOL]OHUDúD÷ÕGDDoÕNODQPÕúWÕU


                                              652
ùHNLO 4 =DPDQ øoHULVLQGH $NWLYLWHOHU JUDIL÷LQLQ \DWD\ HNVHQL ORJ-zaman) logun
NDSVDGÕ÷ÕWRSODP]DPDQoHUoHYHVLQLWHPVLOHGHU'LNH\HNVHQ]HULQGHLúOHP\DSÕODQ
IDDOL\HWVD\ÕVÕoL]LOHUHNDNWLYLWHG]H\LQLJ|VWHULU2UJDQL]DV\RQXQELU\ÕOLoHULVLQGHNL
LVWDWLVWL÷L LQFHOHQGL÷LQGH \DSÕODQ LúOHP VD\ÕVÕQÕQ \ÕOÕQ LNLQFL \DUÕVÕQGD LON \DUÕVÕQGDQ
\NVHNROGX÷X|]HOOLNOHPD\ÕV-hD]LUDQD\ODUÕQGDLVHRUWDODPDGDQGúNROGX÷XJ|]
lemlenmektedir.


                             ùHNLO=DPDQøoHULVLQGH$NWLYLWHOHU

ùHNLO =DPDQøoHULVLQGH$NWLI2OJXODUJUDIL÷LD\QÕ]DPDQGDGHYDPHWPHNWHRODQ
ROJX VD\ÕVÕQÕ J|VWHUPHNWHGLU <HQL GXUXPODU HNOHQGL÷LQGH GLNH\ HNVHQGH DUWÕú ROXU
'XUXPODU WDPDPODQGÕ÷ÕQGD DNWLI GXUXP VHYL\HVLQGH GúPH ROXU *UDILNWH DNWLI ROJX
VD\ÕVÕQÕQ7HPPX]D\ÕVRQXQGDHQVWQRNWDODUDoÕNWÕ÷ÕJ|VWHULOPHNWHGLU


                            ùHNLO=DPDQøoHULVLQGH$NWLI2OJXODU

ùHNLO 2OJX%DúÕQD$NWLYLWHOHU JUDIL÷LVUHoER\XQFDPH\GDQDJHOHQDNWLYLWHGD÷Õ
OÕPÕQÕ J|VWHULU <DWD\ HNVHQGH VROGDQ VD÷D GR÷UX DUWDQ úHNLOGH DNWLYLWH VD\ÕVÕ GLNH\
HNVHQGH ROJX EDúÕQD DNWLYLWH VD\ÕVÕ J|UQWOHQLU %X JUDILNWH X\JXODPD YHULOHULQGHQ
oÕNDQ VRQXFD J|UH ROJXODUÕQ E\N NÕVPÕQÕQ 3- DNWLYLWHGHQ ROXúWX÷X J|VWHULOPHNWH
dir.


                                              653
                              ùHNLO2OJX%DúÕQD$NWLYLWHOHU

Olgu süreleri ùHNLO¶GDJ|VWHULOPHNWHGLU2OJXODUÕQ¶QQLONoJQGHWDPDPODQ
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Referanslar
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