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Workshop Notes International Workshop “What can FCA do for Artificial Intelligence?” FCA4AI European Conference on Artificial Intelligence ECAI 2014 August 19, 2014 Prague, Czech Republic Editors Sergei O. Kuznetsov (NRU HSE Moscow) Amedeo Napoli (LORIA Nancy) Sebastian Rudolph (TU Dresden) http://fca4ai.hse.ru/2014/ 2 Preface The first and the second edition of the FCA4AI Workshop showed that many researchers working in Artificial Intelligence are indeed interested by a well-founded method for classi- fication and mining such as Formal Concept Analysis (see http://www.fca4ai.hse.ru/). The first edition of FCA4AI was co-located with ECAI 2012 in Montpellier and published as http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-939/ while the second edition was co-located with IJCAI 2013 in Beijing and published as http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1058/. Based on that, we decided to continue the series and we took the chance to organize a new edition of the workshop in Prague at the ECAI 2014 Conference. This year, the workshop has again attracted many different researchers working on actual and important topics, e.g. recommendation, linked data, classification, biclustering, parallelization, and various applications. This shows the diversity and the richness of the relations between FCA and AI. Moreover, this is a good sign for the future and especially for young researchers that are at the moment working in this area or who will do. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a mathematically well-founded theory aimed at data analysis and classification. FCA allows one to build a concept lattice and a system of dependencies (implications) which can be used for many AI needs, e.g. knowledge discovery, learning, knowledge representation, reasoning, ontology engineering, as well as information retrieval and text processing. As we can see, there are many “natural links” between FCA and AI. Recent years have been witnessing increased scientific activity around FCA, in particular a strand of work emerged that is aimed at extending the possibilities of FCA w.r.t. knowl- edge processing, such as work on pattern structures and relational context analysis. These extensions are aimed at allowing FCA to deal with more complex than just binary data, both from the data analysis and knowledge discovery points of view and as well from the knowledge representation point of view, including, e.g., ontology engineering. All these investigations provide new possibilities for AI activities in the framework of FCA. Accordingly, in this workshop, we are interested in two main issues: • How can FCA support AI activities such as knowledge processing (knowledge discov- ery, knowledge representation and reasoning), learning (clustering, pattern and data mining), natural language processing, and information retrieval. • How can FCA be extended in order to help AI researchers to solve new and complex problems in their domains. The workshop is dedicated to discuss such issues. This year, the papers submitted to the workshop were carefully peer-reviewed by three members of the program committee and 11 papers with the highest scores were selected. We thank all the PC members for their reviews and all the authors for their contributions. The Workshop Chairs Sergei O. Kuznetsov National Research University, Higher Schools of Economics, Moscow, Russia Amedeo Napoli LORIA (CNRS – Inria Nancy Grand Est – Université de Lorraine), Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France Sebastian Rudolph Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany 3 Program Committee Mathieu D’Aquin (Open University, UK) Jaume Baixeries, UPC Barcelona, Catalunya Karell Bertet (Université de La Rochelle, France, Germany) Claudio Carpineto (Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, Roma, Italy) Felix Distel (Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany) Florent Domenach (University of Nicosia, Cyprus) Peter Eklund (University of Wollongong, Australia) Cynthia-Vera Glodeanu (Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany) Marianne Huchard (LIRMM/Université de Montpellier, France) Dmitry I. Ignatov (NRU Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia) Mehdi Kaytoue (INSA-LIRIS Lyon, France) Florence Le Ber, Université de Strasbourg, France Nizar Messai (Université de Tours, France) Sergei A. Obiedkov (NRU Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia) Jan Outrata (Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic) Jean-Marc Petit (INSA-LIRIS Lyon, France) Uta Priss (Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbüttel, Germany) Chedy Raı̈ssi (Inria/LORIA Nancy, France) Artem Revenko, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany Christian Sacarea (Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania) Baris Sertkaya (SAP Dresden, Germany) Henry Soldano (Université de Paris-Nord, France) Laszlo Szathmary, University of Debrecen, Hungary Petko Valtchev (Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada) 4 Table of Contents Contents 1 Invited Talk Abstraction, taxonomies, connectivity: from AI to FCA and back Henry Soldano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 Using Formal Concept Analysis to Create Pathways through Museum Collections Tim Wray and Peter Eklund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 Can FCA-based Recommender System Suggest a Proper Classifier? Yury Kashnitsky and Dmitry Ignatov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4 Bicluster enumeration using Formal Concept Analysis Victor Codocedo and Amedeo Napoli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 5 Towards an FCA-based Recommender System for Black-Box Optimization Josefine Asmus, Daniel Borchmann, Ivo F. Sbalzarini, and Dirk Walther . . . . . . . . 35 6 Generalization and Modification of Classification Algorithms Based on Formal Con- cept Analysis Evgeny Kolmakov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 7 Concept Stability as a Tool for Pattern Selection Aleksey Buzmakov, Sergei O. Kuznetsov, and Amedeo Napoli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 8 About Universality and Flexibility of FCA-based Software Tools A.A. Neznanov and A.A. Parinov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 9 PRCA – A Parallel Relational Concept Analysis Framework Ines Moosdorf, Adrian Paschke, Alexandru Todor, Jens Dietrich, and Hans W. Guesgen 67 10 Concept Building with Non-Hierarchical Relations Extracted from Text – Comparing a Purely Syntactical Approach to a Semantic one Silvia Moraes, Vera Lima, and Luis Furquim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 11 What can FCA do for database linkkey extraction? Manuel Atencia, Jérôme David, and Jérôme Euzenat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 12 Lattice-Based View Access: A way to Create Views over SPARQL Query for Knowl- edge Discovery Mehwish Alam and Amedeo Napoli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 5 6