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      <title-group>
        <article-title>System Dependability Analysis: Main Issues and Possible Solutions</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Alfredo Garro Department of Informatics</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Modeling, Electronics, and Systems Engineering (DIMES)</addr-line>
          ,
          <institution>University of Calabria Via P.</institution>
          <addr-line>Bucci 41C, 87036, Rende (CS)</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="IT">Italy</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>In several application domains ranging from automotive to aerospace (Garro, Groß, Riestenpatt Gen. Richter and Tundis, 2013; Falcone, Garro and Tundis, 2014; Garro, Groß, Riestenpatt Gen. Richter and Tundis, 2012; Garro and Tundis, 2012b; Garro and Tundis, 2012c; Garro, Tundis and Chirillo, 2011), a great variety of systems are currently designed and developed by organizing and integrating existing and heterogeneous components. This design approach potentially offers many advantages in terms of time and cost reductions as promote the reusability of existing components and enable a natural parallel work organization in the system realization (Falcone, Garro, Longo and Spadafora, 2014); in fact, system components can be selected/customized/realized separately and then integrated so to obtain the overall system. However, the integration of system components is a challenging task whose criticality increases as the heterogeneity and complexity of the components increase. Thus, suitable engineering methods, tools and techniques need to be exploited to prevent and manage the risks arising from the integration of system components and, mainly, to avoid their occurrence in the late phases of the system development process which may result in a significant increase in the development cost.</p>
      </abstract>
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    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>
        To perform quantitative and qualitative Reliability analysis, several techniques are
currently available which are mainly based on statistical and probabilistic tools and on the
hierarchical decomposition of the system in terms of its components. Nevertheless, the
increase in both system complexity and accuracy required in the reliability analys is often goes
beyond the capabilities of these techniques. Moreover, their integration in typical system
development processes, and especially in the design phases, is quite difficult and then their use
is often postponed to the later development stages (e.g. system verification). As a consequence,
new techniques are emerging which are centered on model-based approaches so to benefit from
the available modeling practices and which incorporate the use of simulation to flexibly
evaluate during the design the system reliability performance and co mpare different design
choices
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2 ref2">(Fritzson, Garro, Nyberg, Rogovchenko-Buffoni and Tundis, 2013; Garro and Tundis,
2013)</xref>
        . Despite a general consensus on the advantages that could derive from their exploitation,
the use of these model-based techniques has been traditionally unusual and has not been
recommended by international standards until recently (see IEC 61508, 2010). This delay in
the adoption is mainly due to the lack of methods able to integrate available modeling
languages, tools and techniques in a consistent modeling framework.
      </p>
      <p>
        In this context, the talk aims to discuss the main issues related to system dependability
analysis and to present possible emerging solutions, centered on model-driven and
simulation-based approaches, which will be exemplified through industrial case studies
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1 ref1 ref2 ref3 ref3 ref4 ref4 ref5 ref5 ref6 ref6">(Garro
and Tundis, 2014; Garro, Groß, Riestenpatt Gen. Richter and Tundis, 2013; Garro and Tundis,
2014b)</xref>
        .
P. Fritzson, A.Garro, M. Nyberg, L. Rogovchenko-Buffoni, and A. Tundis, 2013.
      </p>
      <p>Performing Fault Tree Analysis of a Modelica-based System Design through a
Probability Model, Proceedings of the Int. Workshop on Applied Modeling and
Simulation (WAMS 2013), Buenos Aires (Argentina)
A. Garro, A. Tundis, L. Rogovchenko-Buffoni, and P. Fritzson, 2013. From Safety
Requirements to Simulation-driven Design of Safe Systems, Proceedings of the
12th International Conference on Modeling and Applied Simulation (MAS
2013), Athens (Greece)
L. Rogovchenko-Buffoni, P. Fritzson, A.Garro, A. Tundis, and M. Nyberg, 2013.</p>
      <p>Requirement Verification and Dependency Tracing During Simulation in
Modelica, Proceedings of the 8th EUROSIM Congress on Modelling and</p>
      <p>Simulation (EUROSIM 2013), Cardiff, (Wales, UK)
A. Tundis, L. Rogovchenko-Buffoni, P. Fritzson, and A. Garro, 2013. Modeling
System Requirements in Modelica: Definition and Comparison of Candidate
Approaches, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Equation-Based
Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools (EOOLT 2013), University of
Nottingham (UK)
A. Garro and A. Tundis, 2013. Enhancing the RAMSAS method for Systems
Reliability Analysis through Modelica, Proceedings of the 7th MODPROD
Workshop on Model-Based Product Development, Linköping University
(Sweden)
A. Garro, J. Groß, M. Riestenpatt Gen. Richter, and A. Tundis, 2012. Experimenting
the RAMSAS method in the reliability analysis of an Attitude Determination and
Control System (ADCS), Proceedings of the Int. Workshop on Applied Modeling
and Simulation (WAMS), jointly held with the NATO CAX FORUM, Rome
(Italy)
A. Garro, and A. Tundis, 2012. Modeling and Simulation for System Reliability
Analysis: The RAMSAS Method, Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International</p>
      <p>Conference on System of Systems Engineering (IEEE SoSE), Genoa (Italy)
A. Garro, and A. Tundis, 2012b. Enhancing the RAMSAS method for System
Reliability Analysis: an exploitation in the automotive domain, Proceedings of
the 2nd International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies,
Technologies and Applications (SIMULTECH 2012), Rome (Italy)
A. Garro, and A. Tundis, 2012c. A Model-Based method for System Reliability
Analysis, Proceedings of the Symposium O n Theory of Modeling and Simulation
(TMS) at SpringSim 2012, Orlando (FL, USA)
A. Garro, A. Tundis, and N. Chirillo, 2011.System reliability analysis: a Model-Based
approach and a case study in the avionics industry, Proceedings of the 3rd Air
and Space International Conference (CEAS 2011), Venice (Italy)</p>
      <p>Biography
Alfredo Garro is an Associate Professor of Computing Systems at the Department of
Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Science (DIMES) of the
University of Calabria.He received the Laurea Degree in Computer Engineering from
the University of Calabria (Italy) on 2000. From September 1999 to September 2001,
he has been a researcher at CSELT, the Telecom Italia Group R&amp;D laboratories,
where he worked on design and development of distributed systems. From October
2001, he collaborates with the Institute of High Performance Computing and
Networking of the Italian National Research Council. O n February 2005 he received
the PhD Degree in Systems and Computer Engineering from the University of
Calabria. From January 2005 to December 2011, he has been an Assistant Professor of
Computing Systems at the Department of Electronics, Computer and System Sciences
(DEIS) of the University of Calabria. His main research interests include: systems and
software engineering, reliability engineering, modeling and simulation of complex
systems. His list of publications contains about 80 papers published in international
journals, books and proceedings of international and national conferences. Prof. Garro
became a member of the IEEE and IEEE Computer Society in 2005; he is a member of
the IEEE Reliability Society and IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society; he
is member of the INCOSE Italian Chapter. Currently, he operates as a member of the
SPACE Forum Planning and Review Panel (PRP) of the Simulation Interoperability
Standards Organization (SISO). He is member of the Executive Committee of the
MODRIO (Model Driven Physical Systems Operation) ITEA2 European Project and
the Technical Contact for his Institution in the Open Source Modelica Consortium
(OSMC).</p>
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