<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "JATS-archivearticle1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <front>
    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>One Query at a Time: Incremental, Collective Ontology Matching</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Thomas Kowark</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Hasso Plattner</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Hasso Plattner Institute August-Bebel-Str.</institution>
          <addr-line>88, 14482 Potsdam</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="DE">Germany</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>Rule-Based Inference of Ontology Alignments</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>Ontology matching is not an end in itself but a prerequisite for applications like query answering over di erent data sources. In software repository analysis, for example, queries re ect process metrics that researchers want to investigate. Hence, being able to answer such queries on multiple data sets without having to perform data transformations or manual query rewriting is a desirable objective. Unfortunately, the terminological di erences and often complex correspondences between di erent software repository representations impede a completely automatic matching and necessitate user input to create more comprehensive alignments [4]. Our work is concerned with the question of when and how users should introduce their expertise into the matching process. Similar to other approaches, such as the keyword-based information retrieval tasks, which Ellis et al. [1] use to extract user knowledge about ontology alignments, we integrate the input process into the desired application { query translation between di erent software repositories. From the way this task is carried out, both simple and complex correspondences are inferred. In future translation tasks, these correspondences are reused to incrementally reduce the number of required user interactions. As users only translates their queries of interest, the overall e ort for alignment creation is collectivized. In this poster, we present the general architecture of our system and the rules used for complex alignment extraction. Our approach assumes a setup were a source and a target repository are described by ontologies OR1 and OR2 containing the respective TBoxes TR1 and TR2, respectively. A query translation thus aims to recreate a query, which was originally issued on OR1, by using concepts from TR2. A graph based abstraction is used to express the queries in a query language independent manner [2]. After a preprocessing step performed an automatic ontology matching, users can transform the remaining unmatched elements of those query graphs using the editor shown in Figure 1. To this end, they select the input element(s) and provide an according output graph. In simple cases, the output graph is structurally similar</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>
        Introduction
to the input graph, and only node and edge labels change. Inference of element
correspondences is straightforward and comprises concept equivalence and
subsumption. If relabelling does not su ce and the graph structure changes, complex
correspondences are inferred. Our system employs a rule set to determine which
types of correspondences users provide through their input/output graph
transformations. The rules are based on the patterns identi ed by Ritze et al. [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>
        ]. For
any subsequent query translations, existing transformations are automatically
applied by the system, hence, users only have to provide correspondences for
missing elements and the required manual e ort gradually decreases.
      </p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <mixed-citation>
          1.
          <string-name>
            <surname>Ellis</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>J.B.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Hassanzadeh</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>O.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Srinivas</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>K.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Ward</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>M.J.:</given-names>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>Collective ontology alignment</article-title>
          .
          <source>In: Proceedings of the Ontology Matching Workshop</source>
          (
          <year>2013</year>
          )
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref2">
        <mixed-citation>
          2.
          <string-name>
            <surname>Kowark</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>T.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Dobrigkeit</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>P.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Zeier</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>A.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          :
          <article-title>Towards a shared repository for patterns in virtual team collaboration</article-title>
          .
          <source>In: 5th International Conference on New Trends in Information Science and Service Science</source>
          (
          <year>2011</year>
          )
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref3">
        <mixed-citation>
          3.
          <string-name>
            <surname>Ritze</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>D.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Meilicke</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>C.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Svab-Zamazal</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>O.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Stuckenschmidt</surname>
          </string-name>
          , H.:
          <article-title>A pattern-based ontology matching approach for detecting complex correspondences</article-title>
          . In: Shvaiko,
          <string-name>
            <given-names>P.</given-names>
            ,
            <surname>Euzenat</surname>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
            ,
            <surname>Giunchiglia</surname>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <given-names>F.</given-names>
            ,
            <surname>Stuckenschmidt</surname>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <given-names>H.</given-names>
            ,
            <surname>Noy</surname>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <given-names>N.F.</given-names>
            ,
            <surname>Rosenthal</surname>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>A</surname>
          </string-name>
          . (eds.)
          <source>OM. CEUR Workshop Proceedings</source>
          , vol.
          <volume>551</volume>
          .
          <string-name>
            <surname>CEUR-WS.org</surname>
          </string-name>
          (
          <year>2008</year>
          )
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref4">
        <mixed-citation>
          4.
          <string-name>
            <surname>Shvaiko</surname>
            ,
            <given-names>P.</given-names>
          </string-name>
          ,
          <string-name>
            <surname>Euzenat</surname>
          </string-name>
          , J.:
          <article-title>Ontology matching: State of the art and future challenges</article-title>
          .
          <source>IEEE Trans. on Knowl. and Data Eng</source>
          .
          <volume>25</volume>
          (
          <issue>1</issue>
          ),
          <volume>158</volume>
          {176 (Jan
          <year>2013</year>
          ), http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.
          <year>2011</year>
          .253
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>