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    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Learning Analytics Across Physical and Digital Spaces</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>This workshop was co-located with the</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>th International Conference on Learning Analytics</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Knowledge (LAK'</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>which took place from April</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Roberto Martinez-Maldonado</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Davinia Hernandez-Leo</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Abelardo Pardo</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Dan Suthers</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Kirsty Kitto</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Sven Charleer</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Naif Radi Aljohani</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Hiroaki Ogata</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>in the University of Edinburgh</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Scotland</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="UK">UK</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>I</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>Toward the integration of monitoring in the orchestration of across-spaces learning
situations ....................................................................................................................... 15
Towards a distributed framework to analyze multimodal data ....................................... 52</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>PANEL PAPERS1</title>
      <p>Web-based Interactive and Visual Data Analysis for Ubiquitous Learning Analytics......... 65
Seeing Learning Analytics Tools as Orchestration Technologies: Towards Supporting
Learning Activities across Physical and Digital Spaces ..................................................... 70
Towards integrated learning design with across-spaces learning analytics: a flipped
classroom example......................................................................................................... 74</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>SPECIAL SECTION ON WORKPLACES2</title>
      <p>Visualizing workplace learning data with the SSS Dashboard .......................................... 79
Learning Analytics and Open Learning Modelling for Professional Competence
Development of Firefighters and Future Healthcare Leaders ........................................... 87
Workplace Learning Analytics for Facilitation in European Public Employment Services... 91
Data Analysis of Workplace Learning with BOOST .......................................................... 98
1Download individual papers from the workshop website: https://sites.google.com/site/crosslak2016/program
2Download individual papers from http://learning-layers.eu/laforwork</p>
      <p>II
Students’ learning commonly occurs in spaces and at moments that go beyond formal education, and this
learning is not constrained to a single physical or digital environment. Educational providers deploy a variety of
educational resources in both online and face-to-face settings. These technologies allow learners to get remote
access to educational resources from different physical spaces (ubiquitous learning support) or to enrich their
learning experiences in the classroom in ways that were not previously possible (face-to-face learning support).
It is of high relevance to the LAK community to explore blended learning scenarios where students can interact
at diverse digital and physical learning spaces. The challenge is to find the best approaches that can be applied
to automatically capture traces of students’ activity, and understand how learning analytics techniques can be
used in heterogeneous contexts.</p>
      <p>The aim of this workshop was to gather the sub-community of LAK researchers, learning scientists and
researchers from other communities, interested in ubiquitous, mobile and/or face-to-face learning analytics. An
overarching concern was how to integrate and coordinate learning analytics to provide continued support to
learning across digital and physical spaces. The goals of the workshop were to share approaches and identify a
set of guidelines to design and connect Learning Analytics solutions according to the pedagogical needs and
contextual constraints of practitioners.</p>
      <p>The papers presented in this workshop proceedings book present a wide variety of cases of learning analytics
solutions aligned in different ways to the following four themes:



</p>
      <sec id="sec-3-1">
        <title>Learning analytics across digital spaces Learning analytics bridging physical and digital spaces Mobile and ubiquitous learning analytics Data integration of heterogeneous learning data sources</title>
        <p>A total of 14 papers were submitted and accepted. A blind review process was followed to assure the quality of
the papers and their relevance to the workshop. An international program committee was conformed to perform
the revision process. Program committee:</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-2">
        <title>Alejandra Martinez-Mones (Universidad de Valladolid, Spain)</title>
        <p>Bertrand Schneider (Stanford University, USA)</p>
        <p>Cynthia D'Angelo (SRI International, USA)
Juan Alberto Muñoz (Universidad de Valladolid, Spain)</p>
        <p>Joris Klerkx (KU Leuven, Belgium)</p>
        <p>Kate Thompson (Griffith University, Australia)
Mandy Lupton (Queensland University of Technology, Australia)</p>
        <p>María Jesús Rodríguez Triana (EPFL, Switzerland)
Mar Pérez-Sanagustín (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)</p>
        <p>Patricia Santos (University of the West of England, UK)</p>
        <p>Simon Buckingham Shum (University of Technology Sydney, Australia)
Víctor H. Menéndez Domínguez (Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México)</p>
        <p>Erik Duval (KU Leuven, Belgium)
Maarten de Laat (Open Universiteit Nederland, The Netherlands</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-3">
        <title>The Cross-LAK workshop organisers</title>
        <p>Special section about learning analytics in the workplace
By Tobias Ley
An area of research that especially focuses on learning analytics across contexts and spaces is learning analytics
for the workplace. Whereas Learning Analytics in educational settings very often follow a particular
pedagogical design, workplace learning is much more driven by demands of work tasks or intrinsic interests of
the learner, by self-directed exploration and social exchange that is tightly connected to processes and the places
of work. Hence, learning interactions at the workplace are to a large extent informal, not embedded into a
pedagogical scenario and cover a multitude of different physical and virtual contexts.</p>
        <p>The papers in this special section therefore focus especially on workplace and professional contexts.
Experiences with learning analytics come from Health Care (Ruiz-Calleja et al. and Hansen et al.), from
emergency services (Hansen et al.), public employment services (Attwell et al.), construction (Ruiz-Calleja et
al.) and micro enterprises (Kravcik et al.). One common challenge that all papers outlined for learning analytics
in workplace settings was the flexibility of work arrangements, places and processes. This needs a flexible
technological architecture and a good understanding of the interaction of formal and informal learning processes.
Two papers (Kravcik et al. and Hansen et al.) followed what is usually considered a top-down strategy, for
instance, by deriving competences or learning indicators from business or training goals. The other two
(RuizCalleja et al. and Attwell et al.) followed a bottom-up strategy mainly building on social learning and informal
knowledge sharing. All papers also brought up the special challenge to integrate learning systems and analytics
in work practices.</p>
        <p>The four papers listed in this section were part of the Learning Analytics for Workplace and
Professional Learning Workshop, which was organised by: Tobias Ley, Ralf Klamma, Stefanie Lindstaedt and
Fridolin Wild, also for Lak’ 16. http://learning-layers.eu/laforwork/</p>
      </sec>
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  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <mixed-citation>
          <article-title>Introduction to Cross LAK 2016: Learning Analytics Across</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Spaces .....................................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>1 Profiling High-achieving Students for E-book-based Learning</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Analytics .............................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>5 One Competency Data Model to Bind Them</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>All ............................................................... 10</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>Automatic Generation of Personalized Review Materials Based on Across-Learning-System</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Analysis..........................................................................................................................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>22 Learning Activity Features of High Performance Students</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>...............................................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>28 Learning Pulse: Using Wearable Biosensors and Learning Analytics to Investigate and Predict Learning Success in Self-regulated</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Learning ........................................................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>34 Opening the Black Box of Practice-Based Learning: Human- Centred Design of Learning</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Analytics ........................................................................................................................ 40</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>Orchestrating 21st Century Learning Ecosystems using</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Analytics .....................................</surname>
          </string-name>
          <article-title>47 Exploring the Impact of a Tabletop-Generated Group Work Feedback on Students' Collaborative</article-title>
          <string-name>
            <surname>Skills ......................................................................................................... 58</surname>
          </string-name>
        </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
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