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        <article-title>Modeling of Complex Systems Through in SysML in Italian Navy (ITN)</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Osvaldo Brogi</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Nicola Cariello Italian Navy</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Italy</string-name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>In the last two years 2014 - 2015 the General Staff of the Italian Navy has been engaged in the definition of a modernization of the fleet, which led to the acquisition process of the following new ITN Ships: 1 type LSS units (Logistic Support Ship);  1 type LHD units (Landing Helicopter Deck);  7 type PPA units (Patttugliatori Polivalenti Altura).</p>
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      <title>-</title>
      <p>During the design development phases, that has led to the
definition of the ship/system architecture and user requirements
system acquisition, the “traditional” design methodology
(based, as usual, on a paper-based approach), has been
efficiently supported by a more innovative methodology, based
on “model-based” concepts, derived by Systems’ Engineering
culture. The model adopted, that has been borrowed from the
NAF (Nato Architectural Framework) and derived by the
MDAF (Italian Ministry of Defence Architectural Framework),
is a standardized process that allows to efficiently develop and
manage complex systems of systems (SoS) during the entire
life cycle (i.e. starting through the user needs elicitation up to
the systems dismissal). The main aim of the NAF’s method is
to represent a SoS as a model in which is possible to highlight
every different aspect of the System through different point of
view. Adopting the “model” is then the better way to develop a
system that is the best compromise between performance, time
and costs highlighting risks and gaps. The NAF’s method
allows, at the beginning of the development of every new
project, to support the Systems Engineer in the definition of the
system requirements inside the model starting from the real
understanding of the user needs through the realization of the
so called “use cases”. A “use case” is the way in which the
system satisfies one or more user needs in a practical way (i.e.
operative context) understandable from the final user. The
Italian Navy has adopted the previous method and model in
particular in the definition of the System requirements of the
Combat System (C/S) of the new military ships in which, in
comparison with the past, many technological innovations and
new developments have been introduced (e.g. fixed radar
sensors, infrared search and track S/S, … ).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>As anticipated, the operational and technological</title>
      <p>innovation foreseen in the acquisition process of new military
ships has required, in particular for some specific areas of the
Combat System, the use of a more innovative design approach,
based on model-based design concepts. The model adopted by
the Italian Navy use the “constructs” made available by the
SysML, which outputs are the “explanatory views” that take
into account the analysis of the context (e.g. identification of
stakeholders , the user's need , the application of operational
concepts, ...) and the functional analysis (use case diagrams,
sequence diagrams, architectural diagrams). An example of
what has been done will be shown in a “case study” that has
been realized with the aim of explaining a preliminary design
of a particular and innovative subsystem of C/S of the new
Naval Ships: the Sensor Management System (SMS). The SMS
is a subsystem which main purpose is to become the
"Command and Control" system of the radar sensor’s suite of
the new Naval Ships of the Italian Navy. This subsystem,
thanks to the functional integration of new sensors of ITN
Ships, gives the possibility to increase the functionality of each
sensor and to conduct a cooperative search and tracking action,
against some particular targets (such as asymmetric threat) that
are very difficult to detect using “traditional” searching
method.</p>
      <p>The use case will demonstrate that the methodology is
absolutely essential if you want to accomplish complex
successful systems of systems. In fact, the use of modeling
tools in the development of a project has given the possibility
of extrapolating, starting from generic user needs, the real
requirements of the system to a very deep level, that could also
be used in order to directly drive the production process of the
system itself. The modelling tool and the method adopted is
considered essential both in the design, in the development
phase and in the rest of the entire system’s life cycle phases.
However, it should also be stressed the fact that what has been
analyzed and applied to a real case is just the use of a method
and a tool to carry out project activities of systems engineering
in a coherent manner. In fact, the tool and its use, without an
internal structured process from both the user/customer side
and the supplier/producer side is bound to be ineffective. The
recommendation is that every complex project of SoS should
be developed by every organization by adopting the method
and the suitable model tools in order to finally get successful
products to be delivered to final users. It should be stressed out
that the product must also be competitive in an international
environment where, especially in the big international
organization, these kind of method and tools are being used
since many years. A successful project means a successful
organization. And the sum of the successful organizations
represents the success of every nation.</p>
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    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY</title>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>Osvaldo Brogi, Vice Admiral was born on 13 February</title>
      <p>1955 in Vinci (Florence), Italy. He attended the Naval
Academy in Livorno from 1974 to 1978, achieving a master’s
degree in Electronic Engineering in April 1981 at Pisa
University. Since October 2010 and until June 2012, he was
appointed Director of Military Shipyard of Augusta. Navy
Arsenal in Augusta (Sicily, Italy) is one (out of three) of the
main Italian Navy Arsenals, in charge of the whole lifecycle
maintenance of the Navy Units assigned in Sicily area. The
Arsenal is an autonomous Command, roughly budget 20M€,
equipped with several civil infrastructures like dockyards and
500 personnel assigned (both civilian and military). The
Arsenal has been supporting UNIFIED PROTECTOR sea
operations for 5 months. It was a great experience where
leadership and initiative sense were prevailing. He also the
Chairman of Bluemassmed Tech Group (2008÷2012), an
European Project to develop Common Information Sharing
Environment/Maritime Situational Awareness (CISE/MSA)
amongst EU States. He managed more than 500 experts
belonging to 37 administrations of 6 Member States and played
the important role in promoting multinational cooperation
through a concrete exchanging of the Mediterranean MSA
using new C3 systems developed in Service Oriented
Architecture (SOA). Promoted Vice Admiral has been
appointed Advisor to the Italian Navy Admiral and from
February 2014 is the Head of General Office for Naval
Operating System’s Design. Among those modern and
effective solutions to counter pirate attacks, identify alternative
combustibles like green diesel (biodiesel) or even natural gas,
find the best employment of the satellite capabilities have been
evaluated and applied. In particular, it deserves to be
highlighted the insights made on: (i) space matter: i.e. the
development of an updated national space strategy, relevant
with the next European one; (ii) cyber defence matter: i.e. the
definition by engineering methods of an innovative single
secure net, where the cyber community accesses management
and the net efficiency monitoring is guaranteed by an effective
governmental “Computer Emergency Response Team –
CERT”; (iii) design activities about the ship new buildings: i.e.
engineering feasibility studies for the technical operational
requirements and for the preliminary architectures of the naval
operating systems by the “Ministry of Defence Architectural
Framework – MDAF”. Since December the 30th 2013, Vice
Admiral Brogi is the Head of the Naval Weapons Corps which
main task is the governance of the resources employed for the
design of the Naval Operating Systems/Combat Systems and
their logistics support.</p>
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    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>Nicola Cariello was born in Bitonto (BA) on the 14th of</title>
      <p>December 1975. He was normal course cadets at the Naval
Academy (years 1995-1999) and then promoted to Ensign in
1999. He graduated from the University of Pisa in
Telecommunication Engineering in 2002. He was head of
Technical Operations component and Weapons Technician one
on board ITS DDG "Durand de la Penne" (August 2002
December 2005) and promoted Lieutenant in 2003. He got •
master's degree in Systems Engineering from the “Tor
Vergata” University - Roma. Currently he is in service with
the Navy General Staff - General Office for the design of
operating systems (UGEPROGESO) in Rome as a clerk at the
Office - Planning; within the current job he managed the
development of the technical specifications for the contract
New Naval Units relatively new command and control and the
cockpit naval. He has also started to develop the functional
design of PPA C/S architectural baseline using MDAF
(Ministero della Difesa Architectural Framework) through the
use of Artisan Atego tool.</p>
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