=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-1746/paper-20
|storemode=property
|title=Sensor and Arduino Based Monitoring System in Albanian Agricultural Domain
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1746/paper-20.pdf
|volume=Vol-1746
|authors=Dhonat Kote,Alda Kika
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/rtacsit/KoteK16
}}
==Sensor and Arduino Based Monitoring System in Albanian Agricultural Domain==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1746/paper-20.pdf
Sensor and arduino based monitoring system in Albanian
agricultural domain
Dhonat Kote (PhD Candidate) Alda Kika
University of Tirana, University of Tirana,
Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Natural Sciences,
Saranda Branch Department of Informatics
kotedonatos@yahoo.gr alda.kika@fshn.edu.al
and processes in order to maximize the productivity of
farms[KMH14].
Agricultural activities are affected by environmental
Abstract factors such as ambient temperature and humidity.
This paper proposes a real-time system based Therefore, it is important to monitor environmental
on sensors and Arduino for monitoring the parameters and make effective use of the resources
temperature and humidity of the environment. through the design and implementation of systems
Instead of measuring manually these which can monitor these parameters [Chun13].
parameters in different times during the day, In this paper, we present a real time agricultural
the proposed system will measure them in real environmental monitoring system using wireless sensor
time and show the results to the users. The networks based on arduino, capable of measuring
system is composed of sensor network build temperature and humidity. The web application
with Arduino to measure the parameters and module of the proposed system will act as the
the web application which will be used to farmer’s assistant in the field. It will provide essential
present the result to the users. It will register agriculture related information like temperatures
the data in specific intervals in the database. environment and humidity to the farmer. The
These data will serve as historical data and database of the system will keep track of the data
can be shown to the users in graphical form related to the environmental information as well as the
through the web application. The web data related to the inventories of the farmer, purchases
application will be used to provide to the or equipment. The organization of this work is as
farmers useful data about the environmental follows. Section 2 contains the related work, in section
parameters in order to prevent hazardous 3 the design of the proposed system is presented, and
incidents. The collected data can be analyzed section 4 and 5 provide details about hardware
and extract useful information that can be components and software implementation of the
used to develop recommendation in the future. proposed system. Finally conclusion and future work
has been discussed in the section 6.
1 Introduction
Agriculture domain is very important in Albania not 2 Related Work
only for the production of food but also for supporting
a large scale of employment. According to the Several solutions are presented in the literature using
Agricultural census conducted in 2012 in Albania network of sensors in the agriculture domain. Sensor
there were 324,000 farms in Albania and number of wireless network are becoming an ideal, effective and
employed in agriculture, forestry and fisheries was economical solution for monitoring issues because it is
51% of the total. This sector has been steadily feasible to install wireless access points at locations
where cabling is almost impossible, and it also reduces
growing reaching an annual growth. ICT has big
infrastructure costs [AS13]. In [APY+15] an
impact on agriculture providing opportunities for
implementation of a wireless sensor network for
farmers [AS13]. Precision Agriculture (PA) is an monitoring of environmental parameters using sensors,
agricultural system information-based and technology- an Arduino microcontroller and GSM module for
driven designed to improve the agricultural practices transmitting the data to the Receiver station through
SMS is presented. A distributed Monitoring Systems The Wifly Shield is used to establish communication
comprised of a self-organizing wireless sensor network, between the microcontroller and the web application.
a GPRS Gateway which gathers data and provides a
TCP-IP based connection toward a Remote Server and
4 Hardware Implementation
a web application which manages information and
makes the final user capable of monitoring and Temperature and humidity parameters are measured
interacting with the instrumented environment are by the sensor DHT11. DHT11 is multifaceted with a
explained in [PBC+10]. The web and android platform calibrated digital signal output features. The DHT
is used to show the measurement results from ZigBee sensors are made of two parts, a capacitive humidity
sensors for monitoring the environment parameters sensor and a thermistor. A basic chip inside does
such as temperature, humidity and air quality in a analog to digital conversion.
factory [LHS13]. The research proposes to use
ZigBee, Wi-Fi protocol and integrated embedded
system built by the open-source 32-bit ARM
(Advanced RISC Machine) core Arduino Due module.
The potential of arduino is used in thousand of projects
ranging from simple to very complex systems in
different domains. Arduino as an inexpensive
microcontroller platform offers many advantages to its
users such as simple programming environment, open
source and extensible software and harware. The
proposed system is based on arduino technology to
benefit from its advantages.
3 The proposed system
The environmental monitoring system is based on a
wireless sensor network. It consists of the sensor nodes
for measuring temperature and humidity, Arduino Figure 2: DHT11 Sensor
coordinator node for local computation, Wifly module
for data communication and web application for DHT11 module works on serial communication. This
displaying the parameters to the user. module sends data in specific time period to Arduino.
The specific characteristics of this sensor are:
The function tension is 5 v
Measure the temperatures in the range from 0-
50°C with accuracy ±2°C
Measure the humidity in the range 20-90%
with accuracy ±5%
No more than 1 Hz sampling rate (once every
second)
Body size 30mm x 20mm
Arduino Uno micro-controller (ATMEGA328) is the
main component that is connected to all the
components. It's an open-source physical computing
Figure 1: Diagram of the proposed system platform based on a simple micro-controller board, and
a development environment for writing software for the
board[KTKP15]. Arduino projects can be stand-alone,
or they can communicate with software running on your
computer.
Its technical characteristics that make it very suitable
to suport the micro-controller, connect it to a computer,
power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started are :
The function tension is 5 v
Input tension is 7-12 V
14 digital input/output pins
6 analog inputs
16MHz ceramic resonator Figure 4: Wifly shield
USB connection
Power jack Depending on the protocol used, WiFi 802.11x is
ICSP header capable of receiving signals in a frequency range of 2.4
A reset button – 4GHz, and with data rates ranging from 1- 150 Mbit/s
Frequency 16 MHZ [IEEE08]. Different equipment offer different
flash memory 32 KB transfer rate until 54 Mbps and distance 150 meters
memoria SRAM 2KB with frequency 5 GHz. The connection of arduino to
EEPROM memory 1KB the wireless network is done through Wifly module
RN-171. The module is pre-loaded with firmware to
The image of Arduino Uno is dipslayed in the figure 3. simplify integration and minimize development time of
the application. An on-board antenna allows the shield
to cover a wider range and transmit stronger signals.
The RN-171 module supports TCP, UDP, FTP, and
HTTP communication protocols to meet the needs of
wireless network.
In figure 5 our respective design of the hardware
components using Fritzing environment is presented.
Fritzing is an open source tool for anyone to teach,
share, and prototype their electronic projects.
Figure 3: Arduino Uno
WIFI which is known as IEEE 802.11x is the most
known technology for wireless connection of
computers or smartphones. Arduino utilizes the WiFI
shields to allow the microcontroller to function with
greater mobility. Shields are special boards you can
purchase that support a specific function. Through
WiFI Shields signals are transmitted over an 802.11x.
Figure 5: Hardware design
A screenshot from the real system is shown in figure 6.
Figure 7: The graphic of the measured parameters
6 Conclusions and future work
Figure 6: The hardware composition
This paper deals with the design and development
of a system which uses a wireless sensor network
5 Software implementation based on arduino to measure and monitor the
parameters needed in agricultural domain. Every
The following technologies CSS, HTML5, Bootstrap, constitutive element of the system was described in
XAMPP, MYSQL, PHP and an ecommerce template detail in order to point out the features and the
were used to design the site and its implementation. advantages. The proposed system benefits from the
The web site will connect to arduino to get the open nature of the arduino technology and wifi. This
measurements from the sensors. Steps and installation system is designed in such a manner that it can be
are shown as follows: extended in the future in two directions: adding more
Installation of XAMPP. sensors in the wireless sensor network such as sensor
Installation of the template in XAMPP. for the measurement of the PH parameter and
extending the web site to infom the clients about the
Building of the database.
products and to sell the products.
Constructing and applying the harduino Once this system is fully implemented we will come up
sketch to arduino with an independent low cost system which will
Configuring arduino with the sensors. measure elements such as the temperature and
Uploading the arduino, wifly shield and sensor humidity as well as it will provide products data in real
DHT11 libraries.Using the WiFLYHQ library time on a site which has two functions at the same time:
to set up and menage WIFly module. to inform the customer and the farmer.
The web application will be able to answer a It would be of special assistance even to the consumer
HTTP request through the wifly shield and in Albania when the food safety and informing on
display the results in the web page. national products are concerned.
It is a system which complies with the farmers as well
In the figure 7 a screenshot of the measurements as the consumer in Albania. We believe that this project
graphic is displayed. can further be improved and enriched in order to be
installed in big agricultural farms.
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