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  <front>
    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Mind Analysis Game Using Android Mobile Technology</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>CCS Concepts</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>E. A. Erhabor Department of Computer Science University of Ibadan</institution>
          ,
          <country country="NG">Nigeria</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>I. T. Ayorinde Department of Computer Science University of Ibadan</institution>
          ,
          <country country="NG">Nigeria</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <fpage>223</fpage>
      <lpage>226</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>Mind analysis game is a game that deals with the training and exercise of the brain. It tests the ability of the player to focus, reason under pressure and makes use of already acquired knowledge in a short period of time. Inactivity of the human mind and the low level of responsiveness of the human brain to stimulus which are prominent in some people, both old and young have been a great challenge. Hence, this study develops a mind analysis game that enhances the thinking and concentration of the user. The game was developed using C# programming language on a game engine called Unity 5. It runs on android operating system. It ensures efficient testing and improvement of a person's thinking abilities and makes sure that the person is able to gain intellectually from the game. The game also evaluates the performance of the players and makes appropriate comments when necessary according to the scores awarded to each question in every stage.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>eol&gt;Mind analysis game</kwd>
        <kwd>Unity5</kwd>
        <kwd>C#</kwd>
        <kwd>Android operating system</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>1. INTRODUCTION</title>
      <p>
        A game is an ongoing series of complementary ulterior
transactions progressing to a well-defined, predictable outcome.
Descriptively, it is a recurring set of transactions, often
repetitious, superficially plausible, with a concealed motivation
[
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>
        ]. Mind game can be defined as a mental activity such as a
puzzle that people enjoy trying to solve [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>
        ]. It can be a mental
exercise designed to improve the functioning of the mind and/or
personality. Mental exercise is the act of performing a mentally
stimulating task that is considered beneficial to warding off forms
of dementia [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3 ref4">3,4</xref>
        ]. Mental exercises are very essential for both
young and old people as it reduces the problem of inactivity of the
human mind and low level of responsiveness of the human brain
to stimulus.
Mind games in psychology is used to define three forms of
competitive human behaviors:
1. A largely conscious struggle for psychological
oneupmanship, often employing passive–aggressive
behaviour to specifically demoralize or empower the
thinking subject, making the aggressor look superior;
also referred to as "power games"[
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref5">5</xref>
        ].
2. the unconscious games played by people engaged in
ulterior transactions of which they are not fully aware,
and which transactional analysis considers to form a
central element of social life all over the world [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref6">6</xref>
        ].
3. mental exercises designed to improve the functioning of
mind and/or personality [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref7">7</xref>
        ].
      </p>
      <p>
        This study deals with the third definition given above.
Many players enjoy playing games because they provide a
challenge. This provides one of the primary motivating factors for
single-player home games, where social or bragging rights
motivations are less of an issue. Games can entertain players over
time, differently each time they play, while engaging their minds
in an entirely different way than a book, movie, or other form of
art. When a person faces a challenge and then overcomes it, that
person has learned something. It does not matter if that challenge
is in mathematics textbook or in an android phone game.
Challenging games can be learning experiences. Players will learn
from games, even if that learning is limited to the context of the
game, such as how to navigate through the forest or survive a
particularly hairy battle. In the best games, players will learn
lessons through gameplay that can be applied to other aspects of
their life, even if they do not realize it. This may mean that they
can apply problem solving methods to their work, use their
improved spatial skills to better arrange their furniture, or perhaps
even learn greater empathy through role-playing. Many players
thrive on and long for the challenges games provide, and are
enriched by the learning that follows.[
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref8">8</xref>
        ]
Android is a Google-owned open-source operating system written
in Linux for use on mobile portable electronic devices such as cell
phones, e-readers, tablet PCs, and other smart phones. Android is
a powerful operating system with great features which make it to
be one of the most widely used mobile Operating Systems these
days [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref11 ref12">11,12</xref>
        ]. Software developers can easily modify and add
enhanced features into it so as to meet the latest requirements of
the mobile technology.
      </p>
      <p>
        Mobile games are very common these days because they have a
kind of alluring power in them. No matter what one’s age is,
children or adults, both demonstrate equal enthusiasm when it
comes to playing mobile games. They get glued to their
smartphones and become totally oblivious to the happenings
around them. Of late, with the ubiquitous presence of
smartphones, these games have been gaining tremendous
popularity, owing to several reasons [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref13">13</xref>
        ]. Mobile telephones are
portable and therefore, the video games can be played anywhere.
On board a bus, in the eating place or even within the loo.
Actually, cellular games could be played everywhere.
Unity 5 is the new edition of the best development platform for
creating 2D/3D games and interactive experiences. Unity 5 is
regarded to as a feature-rich and highly flexible Editor. The Unity
5 platform has several features, some of which are the audio
mixer, powerful animator and an industry-leading multiplatform
support [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref14 ref15">14,15</xref>
        ].
      </p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>2. MATERIALS AND METHODS</title>
      <p>
        Building games is one of the most challenging and rewarding
experiences one can ever have. Taking pure imagination and
making it come alive is absolutely addictive—a creative process
so immersive and consuming that one will start craving it when it
hasn’t been done for too long. [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref16">16</xref>
        ]
In developing a game, the audience must be known. Knowing
your audience can determine the simplicity or complexity of the
game. But, generally speaking, a game should be flexible enough
to be a fun to the player and at the same time, improve their
learning ability.
      </p>
      <p>Two of the design tools used for this game are Use Case Model
and the Data Flow Diagram.
2.1 The Use Case Model
Fig. 1 shows the use case model of the game. There are two actors
in the system: the User and the Admin. It also shows the functions
of the different modules that exist in the system.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>2.3 Implementation Tools</title>
      <p>The game was developed using C Sharp (C#) programming
language on a game engine called Unity 5 and it runs on android
operating system. C# programming language was used because it
communicates well with Unity’s libraries.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>3. IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS</title>
      <p>In the system, there is a time constraint and the player is
adequately timed for each level of difficulty. The game tests for
the ability of the player to think under pressure. A percentage is
displayed at the end of each level along with a message to the user
according to his/her performance.</p>
      <p>This mobile application has two users in the system.
1. Admin: The Admin manages the application and works
with the backend of the system. He/She controls
everything that is going on in the system. The backend
is only accessible to the administrator. It is protected
from the user with some level of access control. The
Admin can add new categories and new levels of
difficulty to the already existing application. He can
also edit or tweak any part of the game when necessary.
2. The User: The User interacts with the system and makes
use of all its features. When a user opens the game
application, he sees a welcome screen that contains the
different options that he/she can pick from. (New game,
difficulty stages, level, quit). If the user decides to pick
the ―New game option‖, the game starts by default at
the lowest level of difficulty. For each stage in a level,
there is a group of 5 questions in different categories.
The more the user plays, the more difficult the game becomes and
the time to answer each question becomes shorter, and the number
of pictures reduces. A user can decide to change his level of
difficulty to further push himself/herself to learn more. At the end
of each stage, a message that states the grade/performance of the
user is displayed on the screen. When a user has played to his/her
satisfaction, he/she can decide to close the game to continue at a
later time or just completely close the game. If the user
completely closes the game, no history of last game would be
displayed if he reopens it.
3.1.1 Screenshots of Results
1. The menu page: Fig. 3 shows the menu page of the game. This
is the first page that provides the users with the possible options
he/she can choose from. It contains the New Game, Continue
Game, Difficulty, Ratings, Help and Exit options.
1. Stage 1 Question: Fig. 4 shows the stage 1 question of the
game. It presents some pictures to the user and asks him/her to
give a one word answer to describe them.
3. Answer Page: Fig. 5 shows an answer page. This is displayed
after the slideshow has finished playing. The user has the option
to replay the slideshow but he/she would lose 5 points and 5
seconds of his/her playing time would be deducted from the total
time given to play the game. There is an input box where the user
can put his answer. If the answer is incorrect, the user has to use
the replay button to look at the slideshow again. When the player
selects ―Done‖ after giving the correct answer, he moves to the
next level.
4. The Score Page: Fig. 6 shows the score page of the system.
When the player gets the answer right, he is congratulated and
awarded a score and the next stage is displayed. The score page is
displayed after every stage.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>4. CONCLUSION</title>
      <p>The Mobile Mind Analysis Game developed in this study helps
users to exercise their brain by giving brain teasers in form of
logical questions. It helps the players to take note of their
surroundings and also train the brain to make use of
unconsciously stored information in the brain. Hence, it enhances
the thinking and concentration of the user thereby reducing
inactivity of the human mind and giving a high level of
responsiveness of the human brain to stimulus.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-6">
      <title>5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</title>
      <p>We would like to express our appreciation to the reviewers of this
paper. Even though time did not permit us to perfect every aspect
of the paper, we hope to improve on it for a journal article.
6.</p>
    </sec>
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