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                                  Foreword


This volume contains the revised versions of the 8 regular, short and position pa-
pers presented at the First Workshop on: “Deep Understanding and Reasoning:
A Challenge for Next-generation Intelligent Agents (URANIA)”. The workshop
was held in Genova, Italy, on the 28th of November 2016, in the context of the
15th International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence
(AI*IA 2016).
    The aim of the workshop was to bring together Artificial Intelligence (AI)
researchers with complementary skills and background and to foster a discussion
aimed at cross-fertilizing different AI sectors and to provide concrete means for
autonomous reasoning agents design and evaluation. In a computer-aided prob-
lem solving process, there is always a substantial human intervention enabling
the encoding of a problem in a machine-understandable model, which in turn can
be solved automatically through a problem solving technique/algorithm. The hu-
man intervention is essential for identifying problem components, common-sense
and hid-den knowledge in the problem description and to finally craft a com-
putable model.
    In a long-term vision, next-generation artificial intelligent systems and robots
will be autonomous end-to-end solvers that perform the whole problem-solving
process without any human intervention. Starting from a (possibly multi-modal)
problem description, an end-to-end problem solver should automatically under-
stand the problem, identify its components, devise a model, select a solving
technique, and find a solution. Such autonomous intelligent agents should be
pro-active and problem-solving driven; deep understanding and deep reasoning,
not necessarily based on big-data, will be a crucial ingredient for their design.
    In this context, it would be important to identify specific challenges, to as-
sess the level of autonomy achieved, the effectiveness of end-to-end solvers, and
to ease the dissemination of AI results to a general audience. This ambitious
goal requires an unprecedented integration of AI areas and could represent an
important step forward reducing the fragmentation of modern AI. Therefore,
works and challenges presented at the workshop demand a combined effort of
integration of different AI techniques such as Natural Language Processing, Ma-
chine Learning, Constraint-based reasoning, Logic and Automated Reasoning,
Common-sense Reasoning, Human-Machine Interaction and Cognitive Science.


December 2016                                                    Federico Chesani
                                                                      Paola Mello
                                                                  Michela Milano
                                                                 Workshop Chairs
                                                                    URANIA2016
                          Acknoledgments


We would like to thank all authors for their contributions, the members of the
program committee for their valuable work in reviewing the papers, Claudia
Schon (Universität Koblenz-Landau) for her very relevant invited talk “Common-
sense Reasoning meets Theorem Proving” and Luigia Carlucci Aiello for the in-
teresting concluding remarks. We are also grateful to the Italian Association for
Artificial Intelligence (AI*IA), the local organizers in Genova, and the Depart-
ment of Computer Science and Engineering of the University of Bologna (DISI)
for their help, support and sponsorship.


                             Organization


Workshop Chairs:                 Federico Chesani, Università di Bologna
                                 Michela Milano, Università di Bologna
                                 Paola Mello, Università di Bologna

AI*IA Workshop Organizers:       Viviana Mascardi, Università di Genova
                                 Ilaria Torre, Università di Genova

Program Commitee:                Matteo Baldoni, Università di Torino
                                 Roberto Basili, Università di Roma Tor Vergata
                                 Luigia Carlucci Aiello, Università di Roma La
                                 Sapienza
                                 Marco Gori, Università di Firenze
                                 Evelina Lamma, Università di Ferrara
                                 Bernardo Magnini, FBK-Trento
                                 Daniele Nardi, Università di Roma La Sapienza
                                 Andrea Omicini, Università di Bologna
                                 Piero Poccianti, Gruppo Operativo MPS di
                                 Firenze
                                 Fabrizio Riguzzi, Università di Ferrara
                                 Francesca Rossi, Università di Padova
                                 Giovanni Semeraro, Università di Bari
                                 Paolo Torroni, Università di Bologna

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