Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016) Harald Störrle Michel R. V. Chaudron Vasco Amaral and Miguel Goulão DTU Compute Chalmers University of Technology NOVA LINCS, DI, FCT Technical University of Denmark and Gothenburg University Universidade NOVA de Lisboa Lyngby, Denmark Gothenburg, Sweden Lisboa, Portugal Email: hsto@dtu.dk Email: chaudron@chalmers.se vma@fct.unl.pt, mgoul@fct.unl.pt I. I NTRODUCTION 2016 was integrated in the ACM/IEEE 19th International Con- ference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, Modeling is a human-intensive enterprise. As such, many re- the premier conference on systems and software modeling. In search questions related to modeling can only be answered by this second edition, HuFaMo attracted a considerable number empirical studies employing human factors. The International of participants, including researchers and practitioners. The Workshop Series on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo) workshop included the discussion of 5 papers and a working is dedicated to the discussion of empirical research involving session on how to build up the HuFaMo community and human factors in modeling. Our goal is to improve the state leverage the synergies among participants. of the science and professionalism in empirical research in the Model Based Engineering community. Typical examples of research questions might consider the usability of a certain III. FORMAL PAPER PRESENTATIONS approach, such as a method or language, or the emotional The HuFaMo Program Committee selected 5 papers for states or personal judgements of modelers. presentation in the workshop. Here, we briefly outline some While concerned with foundations and framework support of the main contributions of each of those papers. for modeling, the community has been somehow neglecting Rodi Jolak presented a new generation software design the issue of human factors in this context. There is a growing environment, OctoUML. OctoUML supports the creation of need from the community concerned with quality factors to informal and formal notations and the transformation between understand the best practices and systematic approaches to them. Moreover, it supports multiple modes of interaction (e.g. assert usability in modeling and confirm the claims of pro- mouse and keyboard, touch and voice). The tool was evalu- ductivity. This workshop creates a space for discussion being ated by conducting a user study. The obtained results from a get together of both MDE, Usability, Human Interfaces and the user study show that OctoUML provides a user-friendly the Experimental Software engineering community. HuFaMo environment and has the potential to effectively support the expressly focuses on human factors, in order to raise the activities of the designers [2]. awareness for these topics and the associated research methods Max Kramer presented a plan of experiment for empirically and questions in the modeling community, providing an outlet assessing understandability gain of using a Model Trans- for research of this type, guaranteeing high quality reviews formation Language (MTL) instead of a General Purpose by people that apply these research methods themselves. Programming Language (GPPL). During the experiment the Along with fully complete empirical evaluations, the workshop subjects have to answer a paper-based questionnaire in order organizers explicitly encouraged researchers new to empirical to demonstrate their ability in understanding the effect of methods to discuss study designs before conducting their transformation code snippets. To evaluate the influence of empirical evaluations. The rationale was to create a con- MTL on the quality and speed of program comprehension, structive environment where the HuFaMo participants could Max proposed two statistical tests. The tests actually compare contribute to improving the proposed study designs so that the average number of correct answers with the the average stronger (and more easily replicable) empirical designs and time spent on answering them [3]. results can be obtained. Ultimately, we aim to congregate Eric Souza presented a design of an experiment to compare a community of researchers and practitioners that promotes two methods to specify economic values (e3value and value- (possibly independently replicated) empirical assessments on driven development). In particular, the experiment design claims related to human factors in modeling. provides means to predict the acceptance of one particular method in practice. The criteria of acceptance are based on: (i) II. T HE S ECOND E DITION OF H U FA M O the effort of applying the particular method, (ii) the quality of The second edition of this workshop series (HuFaMo 2016) the created artefacts, and (iii) the perceptions that are perceived took place in Saint Malo, France, in October 4, 2016. HuFaMo by the users regarding the quality of the method [4]. Daniel Strüber presented a design of a controlled experiment to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of two specific reuse mechanisms for model transformation languages: rule refine- ment and variability-based rules. The aforementioned mecha- nisms represent two different reuse paradigms: modularizing rules by composing them from smaller shared fragments, ver- sus maintaining a single integrated representation via variabil- ity annotations. Daniel proposed to compare those mechanisms by running comprehension and bug-finding tasks. The purpose of running such tasks is to investigate understandability, bug- fixing and modification tasks to study changeability [5]. Finally, Yosser El Ahmar presented and run an empirical activity at HuFaMo16. The purpose of the empirical activity is to understand: (i) what are the effective implementations of the size visual variation to all types of graphic components of the UML sequence diagram, (ii) how the effectiveness of each implementation can be controlled by the type of information to highlight, and (iii) how the effectiveness of each implementation can be controlled by the size of the diagram containing the implementation and its layout [1]. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank the authors who submitted their works to this first edition of the HuFaMo workshop, all the attendees of the workshop sessions, the PC members who reviewed the submissions, and the remaining organization members. R EFERENCES [1] Y. El Ahmar, X. Le Pallec, and S. Gérard. Empirical activity: Assessing the perceptual properties of the size visual variation in uml sequence diagram. In Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016). CEUR-WS, pages 33–43, 2016. [2] R. Jolak, B. Vesin, M. Isaksson, and M. R. V. Chaudron. Towards a new generation of software design environments: Supporting the use of informal and formal notations with octouml. In Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016). CEUR-WS, pages 3–10, 2016. [3] M. E. Kramer, G. Hinkel, H. Klare, M. Langhammer, and E. Burger. A controlled experiment template for evaluating the understandability of model transformation languages. In Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016). CEUR-WS, pages 11–18, 2016. [4] E. Souza, S. Abrahão, A. Moreira, J. Araújo, and E. Insfran. Comparing value-driven methods: an experiment design. In Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016). CEUR-WS, pages 19–26, 2016. [5] D. Strüber and A. Anjorin. Comparing reuse mechanisms for model transformation languages: Design for an empirical study. In Second International Workshop on Human Factors in Modeling (HuFaMo 2016). CEUR-WS, pages 27–32, 2016.