Preface These are the proceedings of The First Chinese Conference on Logic and Argumentation (CLAR 2016), that took place in Hangzhou, China, 2-3 April 2016. The goal of the CLAR conferences is to promote communication between researchers in the field of logic and argumentation within and outside China. The interplay of logic and argumentation has a long history, from (at least) Aristotle to very recent knowledge representation and reasoning and formalisations of argumentation in artificial intelligence. This is a highly interdisciplinary research field, involving researchers from several fields including logic, philosophy, computer science, artificial intelligence, and law. An open call for papers was issued, inviting researchers to submit extended abstracts of papers, from the two areas of logic and argumentation and particularly encouraging submissions from the intersection between the two. The submissions were peer-reviewed by the international program committee, who selected eight of the submitted papers for presentation at the conference. In addition to the contributed talks, the conference programme consists of five invited talks by leading inter- national researchers in the fields of logic and argumentation. They are: Epistemic Gossip Protocols by Hans van Ditmarsch, on distributed protocols of information distribution in networks; Electrocardiogram (ECG) Analysis – From Domain Experience to Classification by Jun Dong, on applications of simulated reasoning in ECG analysis; Reasons to Believe in Social Settings, by Fenrong Liu on reasoning about belief formation in social networks; Agent, Epistemology, and AI by Satoshi Tojo, on reasoning about the epistemics of communication with an application to the legal domain; and Norms and arguments by Leon van der Torre, on the relationship between normative reasoning and formal argumentation. Despite its name the CLAR 2016 conference is a truly international conference, with participants from several countries including France, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Norway. These proceedings contain abstracts of the invited and contributed talks. We are delighted to be able to provide such a strong programme, demonstrating the breadth and depth of the interconnected fields of logic and argumentation. Let us end with a sincere thank you to the program committee for composing such a great programme, to the invited speakers for accepting our invitations, and to everyone who submitted papers for their hard work on the frontiers of logic and argumentation.