Linked
Democracy:
Artificial
Intelligence
for
Democratic
Innovation
Proceedings
of
the
IJCAI
2017
Workshop
on
Linked
Democracy:
Artificial
Intelligence
for
Democratic
Innovation
Marta
Poblet,
Pompeu
Casanovas
and
Enric
Plaza
(eds.)
Melbourne,
Australia
19
August
2017
With
the
support
of:
RMIT
University
La
Trobe
University
UAB
Institute
of
Law
and
Technology
Artificial
Intelligence
Research
Institute
(IIIA-‐CSIC)
Cover
image:
Adapted
from
‘The
Acropolis
as
viewed
from
the
Mouseion
Hill’
by
Christophe
Meneboeuf
(Creative
Commons
Attribution-‐Share
Alike
3.0
Unported)
Copyright
©
2017
for
the
individual
papers
by
the
papers'
authors.
Copying
permitted
for
private
and
academic
purposes.
This
volume
is
published
and
copyrighted
by
its
editors.
Foreword
The
Workshop
on
‘Linked
Democracy:
Artificial
Intelligence
for
Democratic
Innovation’
is
one
of
the
official
workshops
of
the
International
Joint
Conference
on
Artificial
Intelligence
(IJCAI
2017)
held
in
Melbourne
(19-‐26
August
2017).
The
goal
of
this
workshop
is
to
provide
a
multidisciplinary
forum
to
address
questions
such
as:
How
to
model
the
interactions
between
people,
data,
and
digital
tools
that
create
new
spaces
and
forms
of
civic
action
in
the
digital
era?
How
to
analyse
emerging
properties
and
types
of
knowledge
in
these
contexts?
How
to
design
socio-‐technical
systems
that
effectively
leverage
data
and
knowledge
for
deliberation
(or
other
types
of
participation)
and
collective
decision
making?
Can
we
design
the
meta-‐rules
of
the
emergent
ecosystems?
The
Workshop
brings
together
participants
from
universities
and
research
centers
in
Australia,
New
Zealand,
Spain,
Brazil,
Israel,
UK,
and
the
USA.
The
workshop
received
10
submissions,
covering
a
number
of
different
areas
in
AI
(e.g.
multi-‐agent
systems
and
machine
learning),
economics,
political
sciences,
and
law.
All
submitted
versions
were
reviewed
by
at
least
two
members
of
the
Program
Committee.
These
proceedings
finally
include
nine
of
these
papers
and
an
invited
keynote
speech
by
Patrick
Keyzer.1
We
sincerely
thank
the
Program
Committee
members
for
reviewing
all
submitted
papers
and
providing
feedback
to
improve
their
revised
versions.
We
are
also
grateful
to
the
IJCAI
2017
chairs
(Program
Chair
Carles
Sierra,
Workshops
Chair
Daniele
Magazzeni
and
Local
Arrangements
co-‐Chair
Andy
Song)
for
their
support
in
preparing
this
workshop.
Last
but
not
least,
we
would
like
to
thank
the
participants
who
submitted
their
papers
and
afterwards
produced
the
revised
versions
that
are
now
composing
these
proceedings.
Marta
Poblet,
Pompeu
Casanovas,
and
Enric
Plaza
Workshop
Chairs
1
The
submission
not
published
in
this
volume
can
be
found
at
Cohensius,
G.,
Mannor,
S.,
Meir,
R.,
Meirom,
E.,
&
Orda,
A.
(2017).
Proxy
Voting
for
Better
Outcomes.
In
Proceedings
of
the
16th
Conference
on
Autonomous
Agents
and
MultiAgent
Systems:
858-‐866.
Program
Committee
Tanja
Aitamurto
(Stanford
University,
US)
Michal
Araszkiewitz
(University
of
Cracow,
Poland)
Amir
Aryani
(Australian
National
Data
Service,
AU)
Thomas
Bruce
(Cornell
University,
US)
Danièle
Bourcier
(CNRS,
France)
Alissa
Centivany
(University
of
Western
Ontario,
Canada)
Joel
Chan
(Carnegie
Mellon
University,
US)
Yosem
Companys
(University
of
California
Santa
Barbara,
US)
Mathieu
D’Aquin
(Open
University,
UK)
Louis
de
Koker
(La
Trobe
University,
AU)
Virginia
Dignum
(Delft
University,
The
Netherlands)
Aldo
Gangemi
(LIPN-‐CNRS-‐Paris13-‐Sorbonne,
France)
Asunción
Gómez-‐Pérez
(UPM,
Spain)
Jorge
González
Conejero
(UAB,
Spain)
Guido
Governatori
(Data61,
CSIRO,
AU)
Juho
Kim
(KAIST,
Korea)
Sabrina
Kirrane
(Vienna
University
of
Economics
and
Business,
Austria)
Mark
Klein
(MIT,
US)
Gilly
Leshed
(Cornell
University,
US)
Karen
Levy
(Cornell
University,
US)
Wolfgang
Mayer
(University
of
South
Australia,
AU)
Brian
McInnis
(Cornell
University,
US)
Tarik
Nesh-‐Nash
(Mundiapolis
University,
Morocco)
Pablo
Noriega
(IIIA-‐CSIC,
Spain)
Danuta
Mendelson
(Deakin
University,
AU)
Julian
Padget
(University
of
Bath,
UK)
Ugo
Pagallo
(University
of
Turin,
Italy)
Monica
Palmirani
(University
of
Bologna,
Italy)
Jeremy
Pitt
(Imperial
College,
UK)
Iddo
Porat
(College
of
Law
and
Business,
Israel)
Jason
Potts
(RMIT
University,
AU)
Victor
Rodriguez
Doncel
(UPM,
Spain)
Magda
Roszczynska-‐Kurasinska
(University
of
Warsaw,
Poland)
Giovanni
Sartor
(European
University
Institute,
Italy)
Geoffrey
Stokes
(RMIT
University,
AU)
Markus
Stumpfner
(University
of
South
Australia,
AU)
Tom
van
Engers
(University
of
Amsterdam,
The
Netherlands)
Bart
Verheij
(University
of
Groningen,
The
Netherlands)
Roland
Vogl
(Stanford
University,
US)
Julian
Waters-‐Lynch
(RMIT
University,
AU)
Mark
Whiting
(Carnegie
Mellon
University,
US)
Adam
Wyner
(University
of
Aberdeen,
UK)
John
Zeleznikow
(Victoria
University,
AU)
Table
of
Contents
Open
Rights
or
Secret
Risk
Assessments?
New
Challenges
for
Public
Law
in
an
Age
of
Artificial
Intelligence
and
the
Law
Patrick
Keyzer
(Keynote
speech)
…...………………..………….………………………………………….6-‐14
Towards
a
Linked
Information
Architecture
for
Integrated
Law
Enforcement
Wolfgang
Mayer,
Markus
Stumptner,
Pompeu
Casanovas
and
Louis
de
Koker
…........15-‐37
Bounded-‐Monitor
Placement
in
Normative
Environments
Guilherme
Krzisch,
Nir
Oren,
and
Felipe
Meneguzzi
……………………………………………...28-‐37
The
Perils
of
Classifying
Political
Orientation
From
Text
Hao
Yan,
Allen
Lavoie,
and
Sanmay
Das
………………………….……………………………………38-‐50
Democracy
Models
and
Civic
Technologies:
Tensions,
Trilemmas,
and
Trade-‐offs
Marta
Poblet
and
Enric
Plaza…………………………………………………………..……………………51-‐62
The
Economics
of
Crypto-‐democracy
Darcy
Allen,
Chris
Berg,
Aaron
Lane
and
Jason
Potts………………………………...……………63-‐73
.
Promoting
Public
Deliberation
in
Low
Trust
Environments:
Australian
Use
Cases
Liam
Lander
and
Nichola
Cooper
……………………………………………………………..…….……
74-‐85
Intelligent
Warning
Systems:
‘Nudges’
as
a
Form
of
User
control
for
Internet
of
Things
Data
Collection
and
Use
Rachelle
Bosua,
Karin
Clark,
Megan
Richardson
and
Jeb
Webb………………………………
86-‐97
Linked
Democracy
3.0
–
Global
Machine
Translated
Legislation
and
Compliance
in
the
Age
of
AI
Sean
Goltz
………………………………………………………………………………………..……………......98-‐105
Equal
Access
to
Online
Legal
Information
through
Democratisation
of
Technology:
A
Myth?
Sue
Ann
Yap
………...……………………………………………………..…………………………………...106-‐117