The dynamic interaction of stakeholders of network enterprises necessitates the development and usage of an ontology, based on which information is exchanged between the agents of the company in the process of creating and implementing joint projects of innovative products and services. The article presents methods of ontological modeling of core competencies in business models as models of values, capabilities, business processes, resources and technologies, the stakeholders of joint activity.
In modern conditions the engagement and cooperative participation of different innovation, production, logistics and distribution companies in the development, creation and distribution of new competitive products with a maximum reduction of its life cycle represents the increasing value. The complexity of relationships between business partners leads to the formation of various organizational alliances or a network of enterprises, which form not just of value chain and value network with nonlinear nature of the interaction, to implement continuous innovation. For the implementation of inter-organizational interactions in such enterprises requires the development of mechanisms of continuous engineering enterprises based on the sharing and joint management of the knowledge by all participants in the related business processes within an integrated information space.
The characteristics of the network enterprise [
A significant role in the development of the concept of a flexible engineering network
of the company plays ontology engineering, which provides the unity of view of the
enterprise at different levels of management positions integration of all components of
a complex system. The concept of ontological engineering enterprises considering the
enterprise as a holistic socio-economic and organizational-technical system, providing
a focused and coordinated development of all components [
The approach to ontology engineering network of the enterprise based on the
principle of adequate representation of enterprise architecture [
For the organization of the information space of the interacting agents network enterprise proposes the creation of a coherent system of ontologies, which should include: • Ontology of business strategy, reflecting the objectives, critical success factors, core competencies and their combinations, key performance indicators and requirements to the business model. • Ontology tactical business models for the implementation of the key competencies and the formation of core values produced by the enterprises. The ontology of the business model considers the interrelation of all its components: values, caoabilities, resources, processes, technologies, organizational structures. • An ontology of activities, reflecting the peculiarities of implementation of business-processes in a specific area of activity of the enterprise taking into account the distribution of roles of interacting agents activities. 3
Enterprise strategy defines a set of fundamental statements, in accordance with which the lining up of the business model of the company and detailing their business processes. Development of strategy allows you to move from management of the organization, depending on the impact of randomly occurring external and internal factors to the systematic activities to achieve the objectives and can assess their reachability by certain critical success factors and key performance indicators.
At the strategic level it is expected to identify the key competencies of enterprises
have a significant impact on its market position. In the long-term competitiveness of
the enterprise depends on the ability to implement with lower costs and faster key
competences on the basis of which originate value for customers in turn implemented
in the form of innovative products and services. Under core competencies in
accordance with K. Prahalad and G. Chamelon will understand the result of collective
learning in the Corporation, integrating production skills of the employees and a variety of
technologies [
Based on the key competencies formed the mission of the company, an ontological definition which should include: 1. A description of the nature and purpose of the enterprise, determine the causes and the meaning of existence. 2. The definition of the perspective of enterprise, which characterizes the types of activities in the long term. 3. The formulation of the business idea, defining a group of buyers, their needs, their technological and functional performance of products and services. 4. The disclosure of the system of values adopted by the management and staff of the enterprise. 5. The definition of political units of the company in cooperation with the state and society.
The mission of the company takes place in the system of strategic goals. Strategic
objectives can be organized according to the four layers of the balanced system of
indicators forming financial, marketing, process and resource and technology sectors
of performance [
Each strategic objective is further specified by a set of critical success factors
secreted by one of the methods of strategic planning, for example, in accordance with
the SWOT analysis [
In modern conditions the strategy of the enterprise must quickly adapt to technological and market changes by selecting the adequate business model of the enterprise. Under the business model we understand a set are interconnected in some way and organized the business processes that implement the method of obtaining income businesses through effective use of internal and external resources and technologies. The business model of the enterprise is characterized by the combining of business processes at a system level. The business model takes on a synergistic quality that is not characteristic of the individual business processes individually.
The ontology of the business model has the following purpose: • Knowledge representation for the design of new activities. Used by system analysts, architects, businesses, developers, project managers. • Knowledge representation for decision-making on the establishment or transformation of activities in accordance with the business model. Used top-level managers in the decision-making process. • Knowledge representation for stakeholders to inform about new projects and opportunities create a network of alliances.
In accordance with the ontological model of A. Osterwalder [
The relationship ontology the business model ontology the enterprise strategy is implemented by establishing the linkages of the proposal values with the core competencies of the enterprise (Fig.1). 5
For the implementation of specific proposals of the values to build the chain of its
creation, which defines the possibility of implementing certain parts in-house or with
outsource. Each link is supposed to perform a certain activity, requiring a certain
number of resources. Ontology of activity reflects the interaction of agents in
implementing business processes. The agents are either performing or coordinating roles
[
Evaluation of the necessity of performing activity in-house or with outsourcing can be obtained based on the comparison of integrated capabilities of various variants of the organization of the value chain.
Integrated assessment of the value proposition ( ) is determined based on additive assessment of the level of provided abilities of progress of activities ( ), U – the number of activities: =⊕ , where ⊕ – the addition of fuzzy numbers.
Assessment of the level of ability of an individual activity is determined by a multiplicative estimate of the deviation of the level of requirements (Т ) and provided resource capacity ( ), i = 1..N – The number of resources: = ⨂ ( − ) , where (1) (2) – fuzzy function (0,1), ⨂ –multiplication of fuzzy numbers. 6
The proposed system ontology network operators provide a link between the three levels of enterprise management and flexible customization of business models and business processes to the changes in the external environment, a dynamic update of the value proposition and resource capabilities of enterprises and their partners. The development of a competence model of the interaction of the main agents of the activities of enterprises is the novelty of the proposed approach of building network architectures of enterprises. Literature