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https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2021/preface.pdf
International Symposium on
Digital Humanities
7-8 November 2016
Växjö, Sweden
Extended papers
Linnaeus University
Editors in Chief
Koraljka Golub, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Marcelo Milrad, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Editorial Board Members
Aris Alissandrakis, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Mats Dahlström, University of Borås, Sweden
Marta Deyrup, Seton Hall University, United States
Anamaria Dutceac Segesten, Lund University, Sweden
Elisabet Göransson, Lund University and Stockholm University, Sweden
Cathal Hoare, University College Cork, Ireland
Isto Huvila, Uppsala University, Sweden
Ilir Jusufi, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Nuno Otero, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Maija Paavolainen, University of Helsinki Library, Finland
Annika Rockenberger, University of Oslo, Norway
Nevena Skrbic Alempijevic, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Kim Tallerås, Oslo and Akershus University College, Norway
Tim Tangherlini, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Marijana Tomic, University of Zadar, Croatia
Jane Winters, University of London, United Kingdom
Johan Åhlfeldt, Lund University and Umeå University, Sweden
Editorial Support:
Talat Chaudhri, copy editor, United Kingdom
Tamara Laketic, assistant, Linnaeus University, Sweden
Copyright © 2017 for the individual papers belongs to their authors. Copying permitted for
private and academic purposes. This volume is published under the copyright of its editors.
Table of Contents
Long papers
Soniya Billore and Christina Rosén:
A cross-cultural study of attitudes to digital tools among students and teachers in the
European language classroom
Lars Borin, Nina Tahmasebi, Elena Volodina, Stefan Ekman, Caspar Jordan, Jon Viklund,
Beáta Megyesi, Jesper Näsman, Anne Palmér, Mats Wirén, Kristina N Björkenstam, Gintarė
Grigonytė, Sofia Gustafson Capková and Tomasz Kosiński:
Swe-Clarin: Language resources and technology for Digital Humanities
Katarzyna Anna Kapitan:
A choice of relationship-revealing variants for a cladistic analysis of Old Norse texts: Some
methodological considerations
Ida Storm, Holly Nicol, Georgia Broughton and Timothy R. Tangherlini:
Folklore tracks: Historical GIS and folklore collection in 19th century Denmark
Short papers
Aris Alissandrakis and Nico Reski:
Using mobile Augmented Reality to facilitate public engagement
Lars G Bagøien Johnsen:
Graph analysis of word networks
Soniya Billore and Koraljka Golub:
Digital humanities: An exploration of a new digital humanities programme in higher education
and its meaning making by community partners
Christine Boshuijzen - van Burken and Darek M. Haftor:
Using Enkapsis theory for unravelling societal complexities: The case of Uber
Emmanuela Carbé: Walking in my shoes: A case study from a Born-Digital Archive
AmirAbbas Davari, Armin Häberle, Vincent Christlein, Andreas Maier and Christian Riess:
Sketch layer separation in multi-spectral historical document images
Nuno Otero and Julia Schimdt:
Exploring the potential of using digital displays and social media channels to promote
connectedness for the Third Culture Kids community
Panel
Koraljka Golub, Marcelo Milrad, Marianne Ping Huang, Mikko Tolonen, Inés Matres and
Andreas Berglund:
Current efforts, perspectives and challenges related to Digital Humanities in Nordic countries
Preface
Digital Humanities (DH) is an emerging field that lies at the intersection of Information and
Communication Technologies (ICT) and the Humanities. The field includes both scholars and
practitioners in a wide range of disciplines that comprise diverse but complementary areas
such as data mining and information retrieval, interactive visualization, GIS (Geographical
Information Systems), multimedia games, digital storytelling, library and information science,
history and archaeology, to name just a few. More recently, DH is starting to draw attention
from different ICT companies, the public sector and commercial enterprises. These most
recent developments are starting to pave the way for new business opportunities for these
companies and at the same time providing the potential for new funding sources.
The unique cross-sector and interdisciplinary Digital Humanities Initiative at Linnaeus
University was proud to organize the first International Symposium in Digital Humanities1 that
took place in Växjö, Sweden, on November 7th-8th 2016. Linnaeus University has become
the first Swedish university (thereby making Sweden the second Nordic country) to join
DARIAH-EU2, Europe’s largest initiative in DH.
In the call for papers for the Symposium we have invited researchers and practitioners in
related disciplines to Digital Humanities to present, discuss and demonstrate their visions
and initiatives, current efforts and upcoming trends in this emerging field. The responses
have been very encouraging and we initially received 26 different contributions. The
abstracts were already published in the Book of Abstracts of the symposium3. This book of
proceedings represents an additional intellectual effort presenting the evolution and further
elaboration of the initial abstracts.
Each extended paper has been peer-reviewed by at least two reviewers. The Editorial Board
consisted of 17 members coming from Croatia, Finland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the United
Kingdom and the United States. The final proceedings feature four full papers, seven short
and one panel. The authors come from 7 countries: Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy,
Norway, Sweden and the United States. While the majority are from universities and related
1
https://lnu.se/en/research/conferences/previous-conferences/international-digital-humanities-
symposium/
2
http://dariah.eu
3
Available at the Symposium website, direct link:
https://lnu.se/contentassets/60702fb657fe49539530eaa834fda8ef/abstracts-final.pdf
academic institutions, there is also one representative from the external public sector
(National Library of Norway).
The proceedings are organized into three sections: long papers, short papers, and a panel
discussion. Of the long papers, Soniya Billore and Christina Rosén in their paper titled “A
cross-cultural study of attitudes to digital tools among students and teachers in the European
language classroom” report on an interview- and questionnaire-based survey related to the
use of digital tools in the teaching and learning of English in Sweden and Germany. The
results show differences between the two countries, notably that while the Swedish teachers
use a variety of tools, there is a lack of access to either computers or digital learning tools in
Germany. Further, technical equipment in Sweden does not seem to be optimally used due
to a lack of in-service training. A collaborative approach towards content creation between
teachers, students and entrepreneurs is proposed as a way forward towards designing more
efficient digital learning tools, which, in turn, would contribute to better learning outcomes.
Lars Borin, Nina Tahmasebi, Elena Volodina, Stefan Ekman, Caspar Jordan, Jon Viklund,
Beáta Megyesi, Jesper Näsman, Anne Palmér, Mats Wirén, Kristina N Björkenstam, Gintarė
Grigonytė, Sofia Gustafson Capková and Tomasz Kosiński describe the Swedish
implementation of the European Research Infrastructure Consortium CLARIN in a paper
titled “Swe-Clarin: Language Resources and Technology for Digital Humanities”. The
Swedish CLARIN node Swe-Clarin was established in 2015 with the aim of meeting the
needs of humanities and social scientist researchers who primarily work with text and speech
by providing language technologies in keeping with the general aims of CLARIN. The focus
of this paper is on pilot projects the aim of which is to formulate research questions which
require working with large language-based resources. The authors recognize the need for
further development within Swe-Clarin.
Katarzyna Anna Kapitan contributes with a paper in the field of computer-assisted semantics
titled “A choice of relationship-revealing variants for a cladistic analysis of Old Norse texts:
Some methodological considerations”. She focuses in particular on the application of tools
and methods originating from phylogenetics to answer questions of textual criticism. Her
research takes an experimental approach towards different methodological principles, and
tests them using PHYLIP (the Phylogeny Inference Package). The experiments are based on
the oldest part of the manuscript tradition of an Icelandic saga, Hrómundar saga Gripssonar.
The results indicate that the cladistic method can be employed in traditional textual research,
but the results achieved through this process depend on the type of variation included in the
input file.
Ida Storm, Holly Nicol, Georgia Broughton and Timothy R. Tangherlini follow in the footsteps
of the 19th century Scandinavian folklorists in their paper titled “Folklore tracks: Historical
GIS and folklore collection in 19th century Denmark”. They show how techniques from GIS
used in conjunction with archival research methods can reveal how a folklore collection came
into being. Their target corpus is the folklore collections of the Danish school teacher, Evald
Tang Kristensen (1843-1929) who, over the course of his fifty-year career, travelled almost
70,000 kilometers.
Of the short papers, Aris Alissandrakis and Nico Reski, in their paper titled “PEAR 4 VXO: A
case study using an augmented reality framework to facilitate public engagement”, present
their initial efforts towards the development of a framework for facilitating public engagement
through the use of mobile Augmented Reality (mAR). This effort is part of a wider project
called "Augmented Reality for Public Engagement" (PEAR). They describe the concept and
implementation of a mobile phone application (called PEAR 4 VXO) and discuss the results
from its deployment, which was designed to explore how to get citizens more engaged in
urban planning actions and decisions in conjunction with a campaign carried out by Växjö
municipality (Sweden). The outcomes of the project validate the overall concept and indicate
the potential usefulness of the app as a tool, but also highlight the need for an active
campaign on the part of the stakeholders.
Lars G Bagøien Johnsen, in his paper titled “Graph analysis of word networks”, presents how
semantic connections between words can be visualized and represented as graphs created
from word networks. In particular, he considers vectors made from coordinative construction
in Norwegian, e.g. constructions like ost og kjeks (cheese and biscuits). In his analysis, he
relies on two key properties of graphs: (1) their clique structure, which consists of subsets of
the graph where all nodes are connected to each other; and (2), communities which consist
of a partitioning of the graph. The main findings indicate that both k-clique clusters and
community detection may be used to find different meaning levels for words, and that k-
cliques are in general more conservative with a high precision of meaning, while community
detection, in general, creates partitions that covers the graphs entirely.
As part of the Digital Humanities Initiative at Linnaeus University, Soniya Billore and Koraljka
Golub present a pilot study that explores the perspectives of external stakeholders from the
regional community towards the project, titled “Digital humanities: An exploration of a new
digital humanities programme in higher education and its meaning making by community
partners”. A focus group interview of four stakeholders was conducted, each representing a
different cultural institution in the region. The participants largely agreed that the use of DH
could be optimized to engage people and end users in their work and social lives. The DH
project could, in a near future, contribute and engage with society through schools, museums
and other public platforms. However, the sustainability of the DH project needs to be
addressed further.
Christine Boshuijzen- van Burken and Darek M. Haftor, in their paper titled “Using Enkapsis
theory for unravelling societal complexities: The case of Uber”, explore how digital
technologies can create novel clusters of societal entities and lead to tensions in
relationships between existing societal wholes. They examine the example of Uber, an
application based transportation networking company that has challenged existing
relationships between traditional businesses, legal authorities and the public. They apply the
theory of enkapsis as a philosophical tool to guide a novel understanding of the relationship
between artefacts and entities and between social structures that exist in the real world. They
explore how the theory of enkapsis can explain complex relationships and explain the
different responses to Uber in different countries, cultural settings and legal systems.
Emmanuela Carbé investigates the preservation of cultural heritage in her paper “Walking in
my shoes: A case study from a Born-Digital Archive”. Specifically, she describes a project at
the University of Pavia aimed at the long-term preservation of digital papers by Italian writers
and journalists. The acquisition of Francesco Pecoraro’s archive was used as a test case for
processes and workflow because of the considerable difficulties involved, for example the
ingestion of files from different media and of materials published on blogs and social
networks.
Amir Abbas Davari, Armin Häberle, Vincent Christlein, Andreas Maier and Christian Riess
discuss imaging application in the cultural heritage domain in their paper “Sketch layer
separation in multi-spectral historical document images”. While high-resolution imaging
brought new possibilities for detecting the materiality and structure of cultural treasures,
drawings by Old Masters were analysed in a multi-step process looking at various materials.
This resulted in the overlapping of different layers which made the subjacent strati difficult to
differentiate. They tested a pattern recognition procedure with mock replicas to achieve the
separation and developed the capability of displaying concealed red chalk under ink, which
achieved good results. By guaranteeing the maximum level of readability, their conclusions
suggest that the technique can be applied to a broader range of objects and can assist in
diagnostic research on cultural treasures in the future.
Nuno Otero and Julia Schimdt, in their paper “Exploring the potential of using digital displays
and social media channels to promote connectedness for the Third Culture Kids community”,
explore the potential for using social media channels and digital displays deployed in public
places to foster connectedness for Third Culture Kids. Third Culture Kids (TCKs) refers to
children who spend a significant number of their formative years outside their parents' native
culture(s), and who live in several countries other than the one stated on their passport
during that time. In order to start understanding the potential requirements for an enabling
system, three exploratory studies were conducted: two of these studies focused on the
current usage of social media channels by TCKs, while the third study investigated the
possibilities of airports as suitable locations to deploy possible community-building
technologies for TCKs. The preliminary findings showed great promise and should enable
them to build a sound basis for further work in future.
Finally, Koraljka Golub, Marcelo Milrad, Marianne Ping Huang, Mikko Tolonen, Inés Matres,
and Andreas Berglund in “Digital Humaniities in the Nordic countries: Current
efforts, perspectives and challenges” report on a panel discussion held at the Symposium.
The panel was organized to carry out a review of different DH initiatives related to current
projects, educational initiatives and research and development activities, principally from the
following universities: Linnaeus University, Sweden; Aarhus University, Denmark; University
of Helsinki, Finland; and the Norwegian University for Science and Technology, Norway.
Furthermore, the report proposes the formation of a Nordic hub of DARIAH-EU, (Digital
Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities) and the challenges and opportunities
arising from it. Opportunities include, for example, joint research and innovation efforts,
education, expertise and experience exchange, bringing in international perspectives to
address transnational and regional challenges. The following challenges have been
identified, namely: student recruitment, jobs opportunities in an emerging new market for
graduates, and funding schemes.
Many thanks to all the authors for contributing such a rich and diverse range of papers to the
proceedings. Our sincere gratitude goes to the members of the Editorial Board who have not
only provided their valuable reviews but have done so on a tight schedule!
Koraljka Golub and Marcelo Milrad, Linnaeus University
Växjö, 5 July 2017