=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2042/paper37
|storemode=property
|title=Visualizing Metabolomics Data in Directed Biological Networks
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2042/paper37.pdf
|volume=Vol-2042
|authors=Ryan Miller,Denise Slenter,Martina Kutmon,Jonathan Melius,Georg Summer,Chris Evelo,Egon Willighagen
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/swat4ls/MillerSKMSEW17
}}
==Visualizing Metabolomics Data in Directed Biological Networks==
Visualizing metabolomics data in directed biological networks Denise Slenter1, Martina Kutmon1,2, Ryan Miller1, Jonathan Melius1, Georg Summer3, Chris T. Evelo1,2 and Egon L. Willighagen1 1 Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaT, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, The Netherlands 2 Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, The Netherlands 3 Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands E-mail: ryan.miller@maastrichtuniversity.nl Background Metabolomics data describes the state of a biological visualization functionality to investigate the identified system at a phenotypic level. Unfortunately, not all subnetworks. The generic nature of this approach opens up measured metabolites can be linked to metabolite identities the option to combine with other omics data sources, such present in biological pathway models. The resulting as proteomics and transcriptomics. sparseness makes it more complicated to use metabolomics data in pathway and network analysis. In 2014, Posma et al. introduced MetaboNetworks [1], a Matlab toolbox to create sub-networks between sets of metabolites using the reactions from the KEGG database [2] by calculating the shortest paths between them. Such networks overcome the metabolic data sparseness by focussing on the paths between the metabolites of interest. To upscale this approach, we need to be able to combine different pathway knowledge bases and introduce detailed directionality information, ensuring the shortest paths follow one-directional biological cause-and-effect paths. Materials & Methods The presented work creates subnetworks of shortest, directed pathways between active metabolites. First, with the WikiPathways RDF [3], we created a directed network of all metabolic reactions from the WikiPathways [4] and Figure 1: Directed network of metabolic reactions. Reactome [5] pathway knowledgebase, see Figure 1. In the next step, we identified the location(s) of the active References metabolites in the network, in which we match data with 1. J.M. Posma et al. "MetaboNetworks, an interactive Matlab- nodes in the network using knowledge from the ChEBI based toolbox for creating, customizing and exploring sub- ontology [6] and Wikidata [7]. This ontological linking networks from KEGG." Bioinformatics (2013): btt612. 2. M. Kanehisa et al. "KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and generalizes the more limited exact matching based on Genomes." NAR 28.1 (2000): 27-30. metabolite identifiers. Finally, using the cyNeo4j app for 3. A. Waagmeester et al. "Using the Semantic Web for Rapid Cytoscape [8] we extracted the smallest connected Integration of WikiPathways with Other Biological Online Data subnetwork between the changed metabolites using the Resources." PLoS Comput Biol 12.6 (2016): e1004989. 4. M. Kutmon et al. "WikiPathways: capturing the full diversity of functionality of the graph database Neo4j. pathway knowledge." Nucleic acids research (2015): gkv1024. We will apply the described approach to study the 5. G. Joshi-Tope et al. "Reactome: a knowledgebase of biological metabolic changes in diabetes patients reported in a publicly pathways." NAR 33.suppl 1 (2005): D428-D432. available dataset in the MetaboLights repository [9]. 6. K. Degtyarenko et al. "ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest." Nucleic acids research 36.suppl 1 (2008): D344-D350. Conclusion 7. D. Vrandečić et al. "Wikidata: a free collaborative We developed a new solution to visualize the biological knowledgebase." Communications of the ACM 57.10 (2014): 78- pathways involved in sparse metabolomics data. Using 85. knowledge from two pathway resources and ontology-based 8. G. Summer et al. "cyNeo4j: connecting Neo4j and Cytoscape." Bioinformatics 31.23 (2015): 3868-3869. approaches, we can show the directed networks between 9. K. Haug et al. "MetaboLights—an open-access general-purpose active metabolites from metabolomics data. The data from repository for metabolomics studies and associated meta-data." both resources is made interoperable by collapsing NAR (2012): gks1004. metabolites in the pathways into single nodes in the 10. J. Partner et al. Neo4j in action. Manning,, 2015. biological networks using ontological approaches. This 11. P. Shannon et al. "Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks." explicit ontological linking allows for precise biological Genome Research 13.11 (2003): 2498-2504. interpretation of the paths. By using Neo4j [10] and Cytoscape [11], we ensure the computational calculation environment for larger networks as well as advanced