=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2300/Paper2
|storemode=property
|title=E-Learning: Application of Compositional and Structural Modeling
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2300/Paper2.pdf
|volume=Vol-2300
|authors=Andriy Mushak
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/acit4/Mushak18
}}
==E-Learning: Application of Compositional and Structural Modeling==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2300/Paper2.pdf
6
E-Learning: Application of Compositional and
Structural Modeling
Andriy Mushak
Department of Economic Cybernetics and Informatics, Ternopil National Economic University, UKRAINE, Ternopil, 3 Peremohy sq.,
email: andriy_mushak@hotmail.com
Abstract: It is proposed to use the elements of ■ provides the opportunity to hire foreign tutos. Using
compositional and structural modeling (CSM) to solve the Internet, they have the opportunity to simultaneously
the problems related to the development of web-based train all those who want from different parts of the world.
interactive multimedia software applications for distance Tutors do not need to move from country to country to hold
learning and training. When developing learning and classes;
training software with CSM approach, the mathematical ■ satisfies constant communication between students for
model of learning and training system with problem the purpose of discussion current issues during the
solution finding algorithm developed makes it processing of the training material, and for contacting for
possible to implement a methodology of using mutual interests;
interactive multimedia means in distant learning and ■ brings economic benefits. An increase in the number of
training. The approach proposed to develop distance students does not require significant additional costs. In this
learning and training courses increases the sentence and further, the word "student" should be
technological flexibility of learning and training understood by everyone who is studying on the distance
processes. Based on the approach proposed, a number learning program (in particular, students from secondary
of learning and training courses has been already schools, university students, retraining people, and, in
developed. general, raise their level of knowledge, etc.).
Keywords: e-learning, distance learning, compositional Today distance learning technologies are developing
and structural modeling, multimedia programs for intensively. Native and foreign scientists have significant
educational purposes, the application software system. achievements in the study of the methodology of creating
interactive distance multimedia educational programs:
I. INTRODUCTION O.M. Dovgyallo, V.N. Kukharenko, M.I. Zhaldak, V.V.
The level of education of the information society is an Lapinsky, V.M. Tomashevsky, P. Commerce and others
essential element of its development. Education is referred [2-7]. They have a number of significant results in
to strategically important areas of implementation of developing models, methods and technologies for distance
telecommunication and information technologies in learning, but a number of problematic issues still need to be
Ukraine, because the level of knowledge of each person addressed.
creates the foundation for the development of our state. The The primary problem that is currently being addressed is
continuous development of information systems and the construction of a methodology, which would include,
technologies, which is accompanied by their implementation on the one hand, methods of increasing the productivity
in everyday life, the gradual transition to high-tech during the simulation of distance learning processes, and,
production and, in general, an increase in the rhythm of life, on the other, methods for research and analysis of the
require from each individual continuous improvement of the effectiveness of the type of study.
acquired level of knowledge and mastering of substantially In the works [8, 9] proposed models and methods that, in
new knowledge. In other words, it is about the need for general, allow us to talk about the creation of elements of
lifelong learning. the methodology of constructing distance learning courses
To solve this global task, all available means are (DLC). It is in this, as well as the possibility of using the
acceptable. These include both classical and modern proposed approach to various technologies for designing and
forms of learning [1-4]. Here the important place belongs creating software (including object-oriented) and is the
to distance learning through global computer networks relevance of the study.
with using communication and information technologies,
because it has a number of very important advantages in
II. PURPOSE AND TASKS OF THE INVESTIGATION
the context of today's situation compared then traditional: The purpose of the research is to develop elements of
■ satisfies the individual choice of training trajectory: the methodology for constructing interactive remote
mode, time and speed; multimedia educational programs.
■ satisfies unimpeded access of students to training In accordance with the stated goal in the article put and
materials; solve such problems:
■ satisfies constant contact with the tutor: the student can ■ to examine the principles of compositional and structural
contact the tutor at any time and ask for help; modeling technology;
ACIT 2018, June 1-3, 2018, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
7
■ to construct a mathematical model of the teaching system; multicriteria optimization and, taking into account the needs
■ to study the application of compositional structural of the practice of constructing a DLC, may acquire (by
modeling technology elements (CSM-technology) in DLC; equating individual parameters ak to zero) different partial
■ to realize the method of service by means of interactive
formulas of the type:
multimedia in distance learning.
– among all the algorithms A to find at least one
III. ELEMENTS OF COMPOSITIONAL AND algorithm that can solve this problem;
STRUCTURAL MODELING TECHNOLOGY – in the set of algorithms A to find the most effective
Consider the elements of CSM-technology in order to use one by one indicator, for example, for the speed to solve this
some of them to build a DLC [10, 11]. This technology problem, and so on.
allows to increase the productivity of the developers of Practical interest is the search for such an algorithm, all
application software systems (ASS) (which includes also indicators which would most closely match the
education software systems), improve the quality and requirements of the user in solving this problem.
reliability of such systems through the development of IV. APPLICATIONS OF CSM-TECHNOLOGY
unified mechanisms, language models, methodologies for ELEMENTS FOR DISTANCE LEARNING
building ASSs.
The monolithic way of designing applications, and, Demonstration of the use of elements of CSM-
consequently, their next programming, is characteristic of 1st technology in the DLC may be, in particular, a number of
generation software. The complexity and rising cost of ASS examples of serving the technology under consideration
allows us to conclude that this method is inadequate. for the implementation of learning tasks.
Technological programming principle is the modularity in A mathematical model of the learning system is
which the program is designed as a chain of components constructed by introducing so-called expansion functions
("bricks"), called modules. Each of these "bricks" acts as a G x*, y* in the state space, defining the operations of their
separate program unit. It is designed autonomously,
autonomously programmed and tested, used in a wide sum G x*, y* + H u *,v* , the product G x*, y* H u *,v* and
R r , s ( x ) , which is given by a
variety of programs as an integral part, when only for its
functional purpose, the module meets the needs. the complex function
Modularity provides a structural adaptation of the algorithm recursive scheme:
to the problem to be solved, it can be connected to new
"bricks", modify and renew the old ones up to the design of a R r , s ( x ) = G x*, y* ( x ) | R r , s ( x ) + H u *,v* ( x ) | R r , s ( x )
completely new algorithm. (2)
The conceptual foundations of macromodule programming H u *,v* ( x ) | H u *,v* ( x ) R r , s ( x )
are considered. In particular, the description of syntactic
models of the languages of the macromodual programming The problem on a mathematical model C is called a pair
environment and the description of the verification of
composite schemes should be used to achieve the set goals. of states x0 , y0 .
When constructing DLC for CSM-technology there is a The complex function R r , s ( x ) is called the solution of
series of optimization problems that are generally
characteristic of different stages of ASS development. In the problem x0 , y0 on the model C , if the following
particular, the problem of choosing an optimal algorithm in a
conditions are satisfied:
1) x0 belongs to the area of function definition R r , s ( x ) ,
given set of competing algorithms under various practically
important assumptions about the properties of the latter can
i.e. x0 ∈ Z = {z : z ≥ r }.
be formulated in this way.
Let the set of algorithms A j ⊆ A is defined for solving
2) R r , s ( x0 ) ≥ y0 .
the problem z j ∈ Z , by means of which this problem can be
It is shown that in order for the function R r , s ( x ) to be a
solved. Algorithms A ji ∈ A are in accordance with the
sequence of characterizing their parameters solution of the problem x0 , y0 , it is necessary and
α ji = {α kji : k = 1,, q}. In the set A j it is necessary to sufficient that the condition x0 ≥ y0 s ∨ r .
choose the algorithm A je such that The algorithm for constructing a solution of the problem
x0 , y0 on the C model reduces to the execution of such a
φ (α je , γ je ) = ext i φ (α ji , γ ji ) (1) sequence of steps:
1) put
with some limitations on α ji .
{
W1 = G1x ( j ), y ( j ) ( x ) : G1x ( j ), y ( j ) ( x ) ∈ ℑ, x( j ) ≤ x0 , j = 1, , m1 }
This problem in the general case is a complex task of
ACIT 2018, June 1-3, 2018, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
8
(x ) = ∑ G ( ) ( ) (x )
m1 applets. Each client applet has an approach to the method
2) let G1 1
AddPoint(int Value_Of_Function,int
j =1
x, y x j ,y j
red_Ingrad,int green_Ingrad,int
and d1 = G
1
x, y
(x ), where
0
blue_Ingrad) of the applet server. This is realized using
the applet context.
x( j ) , y = ∨ y( j );
m1 m1
x=∨ appletServer=getAppletContext().getApplet
j =1 j =1
("CoordinatePlane");
3) organize the iterative process of constructing Wi sets in ((Applet1)
this way: appletServer).AddPoint(y,red_Ingradient,
green_Ingradient,blue_Ingradient);
Wi = G ix ( j ), y ( j ) ( x ) : G ix ( j ), y ( j ) ( x ) ∈ ℑ \ ∪ Wl , x( j ) ≤ d i −1 , j = 1,, mi
i −1
l =1
The AddPoint method adds a new point to the value
m
G x , y ( x ) = ∑ G ix ( j ), y ( j ) ( x ) and
1
i array. The above fragment of the listing states that this
j =1 method is parametrized, not only the value of the function
is transmitted, but also the values of the three values of the
d i = G ix , y (d i −1 ) , x = ∨ x( j ) , y = ∨ y ( j ) ;
mi mi
type int, constituents of the color, which will display the
j =1 j =1
graph. After the formation of an array of values, the
paint() method, which is blocked by us, is executed. This
4) the iterative process stops on condition Wi = ∅ ; brings up a new graph. Construct graphs of the functions
5) if Wi = ∅ on the k + 1 step of the iterative process, then y = −( f ( x )) , y = f ( x ) , y = f ( x ) , y = f ( x ) and
y = f1 (x ) + f 2 (x )
put
involves getting one
(Value_Of_Function_Array_Second[]) or two
k
R r , s ( x ) = ∏ G ix , y ( x ) (3) arrays in the corresponding applet
i =1 (Value_Of_Function_Array_First[],
Value_Of_Function_Array_Second[]) values of
The statement and the given algorithm allow to strictly the function for its next (their) processing. To do this, the
solve tasks of control of the correctness of tasks following methods are defined in the "Coordinate system"
execution, in particular, the construction of schedules of applet.
functions. This is achieved by determining the conditions
under which the given graph can be constructed, as well as public int[]
all possible ways of constructing the graph, which we obtain get_Value_Of_Function_Array_Second() {
as different (relative to the commutativity) of the solution of return Value_Of_Function_Array_Second;
the problem on the formal model. }
We will describe the details of the program implementation
of one example, this is the construction of graphs of public int[]
functions. The essence of this task is to enable the student to get_Value_Of_Function_Array_First() {
master the construction of graphs of such functions, which return Value_Of_Function_Array_First;
are a composition of other (simpler functions). It is obvious }
that modules for this task will be represented in the context of
СSM-technology. These are programs that realized the The nature of these methods is trivial. They return the
construction of a graph of a simple function or their value function arrays. Next, using the context of the applet,
composition. Modules are also a program that allows graphs this data is reading, for example
to be displayed as sets of pixels, and also coordinate plane
with the necessary infrastructure. appletServer=getAppletContext().getApplet
The requested software is written in Java. Each ("CoordinatePlane");
module of the software system is an applet. For Value_Of_Function_Array_Local=((Applet1)
simplicity, an integrated programming environment Borland appletServer).get_Value_Of_Function_Array
JBuilder was used. _Second();,
Particular attention is paid to organizing the code. Note that
modules are not static units. Therefore, the nuances of data
transfer between them are noted during the application of the after which the processing of the array
AppletContent interface. It is known that the
interaction between applets located on the same HTML Value_Of_Function_Array_Local
page only involves calling from one of the applets (applet
client) to the method specified in another applet (applet is in progress.
server). In our case, the applet server is an applet Practical implementation ends with consideration of the
"Coordinate system". The rest of the applets are client use of interactivity in the DLC "Placing Productive Forces of
ACIT 2018, June 1-3, 2018, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
9
Ukraine", which was used to train students at the [3] Kukharenko, V.M. Distance Learning: Terms of Use.
International University of Finance. The "Course of Ukraine, Kharkiv: Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute,
Communication and Information Technologies", "Interactive National Technical University, 2001, P. 212.
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demonstrated on a concrete example of the application
the Problems of introduction of information technologies
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in economy and business: International scientific and
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ACIT 2018, June 1-3, 2018, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic