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        <article-title>Privacy-Enhancing Artificial Intelligence and Language Technologies (PAL 2019): Preface to the Proceedings</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Shomir Wilson</string-name>
          <email>shomir@psu.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Kambiz Ghazinour</string-name>
          <email>kghazino@kent.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Sepideh Ghanavati</string-name>
          <email>sepideh.ghanavati@maine.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Norman Sadeh</string-name>
          <email>sadeh@cs.cmu.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Our invited speakers, Jessica Staddon of Google and</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>(Lead Organizer), College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>State College, PA 16802</addr-line>
          <country country="US">USA</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>Department of Computer Science, Kent State University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Kent, OH 44242</addr-line>
          <country country="US">USA</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution>School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Pittsburgh, PA 15213</addr-line>
          <country country="US">USA</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution>School of Computing and Information Science, University of Maine</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Orono, ME 04469</addr-line>
          <country country="US">USA</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>4</label>
          <institution>Serge Egelman of ICSI</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>1. How can AI and HLT preserve or protect privacy in challenging situations? 2. How can AI and HLT help interested parties (e.g., computer users, companies, regulatory agencies) understand privacy in the status quo and what people want? We received fifteen paper submissions, which were subject to double-blind peer review by our program committee. Ten submissions were accepted pending minor revisions to address reviewer comments. Authors of the remaining five submissions were invited to submit abstracts and posters to be lightly reviewed by the organizers. Three of those five were revised in response to this invitation, and those three appear in these proceedings as well. We thank many people for their help in making this event possible: Our program committee, for their time, effort, and reviewing comments AAAI, especially Carol Hamilton and Ipshita Ghosh, for running registration and making the local arrangements</p>
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      <p>This AAAI Spring Symposium, held at Stanford
University in Palo Alto, California on March 25-27, 2019, is the
second in a series of events. The first, “Privacy and
Language Technologies” (PLT), was a AAAI Fall Symposium
in Arlington, Virginia on November 17-19, 2016.
Enthusiasm at PLT and a desire to run a similar event with a broader
focus led us to organize PAL 2019.</p>
      <p>The goal of this symposium is to bring together
researchers in privacy and researchers in either artificial
intelligence (AI) or human language technologies (HLTs), so that
we may collectively assess the state of the art in this
growing intersection of interests. Privacy is an always-evolving
and nuanced concern of computer users, as new
technologies that use the web, smartphones, and the internet of things
(IoT) collect a myriad of personal information. Rather than
viewing AI and HLT as problems for privacy, our aim is to
“flip the script” and explore how AI and HLT can help meet
users’ desires for privacy when interacting with computers.
We also aim to explore how AI and HLT can help developers
and regulators detect potential compliance issues. Overall,
we focus on two research questions:
We also thank the presenters and the attendees for their
interest in making this event a success.</p>
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