Artificial Intelligence in Education 2019
                                      Chicago, IL, USA
                                         June 29, 2019
                                   Workshop Proceedings:
                   Approaches and Challenges in Team Tutoring


                                     Workshop Co-Chairs:
                               Anne M. Sinatra, Ph.D.
    U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (CCDC) – Soldier Center –
                  Simulation & Training Technology Center (STTC)

                               Jeanine A. DeFalco, Ph.D.
         Oak Ridge Associated Universities & U.S. Army CCDC Soldier Center STTC

                              Workshop Program Committee:
                                   Benjamin Goldberg, Ph.D.
                              U.S. Army CCDC Soldier Center STTC

                                      Art Graesser, Ph.D.
                                      University of Memphis

                                       Xiangen Hu, Ph.D.
                                      University of Memphis

                                        Rodney Long
                             U.S. Army CCDC Soldier Center STTC




Copyright © 2019 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2019 for the volume as a
collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License
                                 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
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                                                    Preface

The Approaches and Challenges in Team Tutoring Workshop was conducted in conjunction with the 20th Artificial
Intelligence in Education Conference (AIED) in Chicago, IL, in June 2019. This workshop focused on different
approaches and challenges of team tutoring within intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). The workshop included many
examples of team tutoring in action in different domains, as well as lessons learned from the development of the
team tutors. The goals of this workshop included identifying challenges and approaches in team tutoring. One
representative element of challenges in team tutoring included how they were overcome by our presenters, findings
that can assist other researchers in the future. The workshop concluded with a discussion of the current gaps in the
team tutoring domain, commonalities in the challenges that were identified, as well as steps forward for team
tutoring. The challenges and approaches identified are captured in the papers included in this proceedings.


                                                                                                        June 2019
                                                                           Anne M. Sinatra and Jeanine A. DeFalco
iii




                                   Table of Contents
Introduction to Approaches and Challenges in Team Tutoring                       1-4
Anne M. Sinatra, & Jeanine A. DeFalco
Team Data Analysis Using FATE: Framework for Automated Team                      5-14
Evaluation
Alec Ostrander, Stephen Gilbert & Michael Dorneich
Sensing Team Interaction to Enhance Learning and Performance during              15-29
Adaptive Instruction
Robert Sottilare & Ross Hoehn
Toward Computational Models of Team Effectiveness with Natural Language          30-39
Processing
Randall Spain, Michael Geden, Wookhee Min, Bradford Mott, and James Lester
Intelligent After-Action Review Support Tools for Large Team Training            40-49
Sowmya Ramachandran & Randy Jensen
Team Tutoring Automated Content Discovery and Learning Objective                 50-58
Alignment
Benjamin Bell, Keith Brawner, Elaine Kelsey, & Debbie Brown
Towards Dynamic Intelligent Support for Collaborative Problem Solving            59-65
Sidney D’Mello, Angela E.B. Stewart, Mary Jean Amon, Chen Sun, Nicholas Duran,
& Valerie Shute
An Appraisal of a Collaboration-Metric Model based on Text Discourse             66-76
Adetunji Adeniran, Judith Mastho, & Nigel Beacham
Simulating Team Tutoring in Multiagent Environments                              87-96
Max Johnson, Ning Wang, & David V. Pynadath