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      <title-group>
        <article-title>Preface of the th 7 International Workshop on Quantitative Approaches to Software Quality (QuASoQ 2019)</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Horst Lichter</string-name>
          <email>lichter@swc.rwth-aachen.de</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Thanwadee Sunetnanta</string-name>
          <email>thanwadee.sun@mahidol.ac.th</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Toni Anwar</string-name>
          <email>toni.anwar@utp.edu.my</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Mahidol University Thailand</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>RWTH Aachen University Germany</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution>Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS</institution>
          <country country="MY">Malaysia</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution>Jinhua Li, Qingdao University</institution>
          ,
          <country country="CN">China</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>New approaches to measurement, evaluation, comparison and improvement of software quality</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>I. INTRODUCTION</title>
      <p>After a successful 6th QuASoQ workshop we slightly adjusted
the list of topics for the workshop. The topics of interest included
Metrics and quantitative approaches in agile projects
Case studies and industrial experience reports on
successful or failed application of quantitative approaches to
software quality
Tools, infrastructure and environments supporting
quantitative approaches
Empirical studies, evaluation and comparison of
measurement techniques and models
Quantitative approaches to test process improvement,
test strategies or testability
Empirical evaluations or comparisons of testing
techniques in industrial settings</p>
      <p>Overall, the workshop aimed at gathering together
researchers and practitioners to discuss experiences in the application of
state of the art approaches to measure, assess and evaluate the
quality of both software systems as well as software
development processes in general and software test processes in
particular.</p>
      <p>As software development organizations are always forced to
develop software in the "right" quality, the quality specification
and quality assurance are crucial. Although there are lots of
approaches to deal with quantitative quality aspects, it is still
challenging to choose a suitable set of techniques that best fit to the
specific project and organizational constraints.</p>
      <p>Even though approaches, methods, and techniques are
known for quite some time now, little effort has been spent on
the exchange on the real-world problems with quantitative
approaches. For example, only limited research has been devoted
to empirically evaluate risks, efficiency or limitations of
different testing techniques in industrial settings.</p>
      <p>Hence, one main goal of the workshop was to exchange
experience, present new promising approaches and to discuss how
to set up, organize, and maintain quantitative approaches to
software quality.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>II. WORKSHOP HISTORY</title>
      <p>The QuASoQ workshop series has been started in 2013. Since
then, it is always organized as a collocated event of the
AsiaPacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC).
These are the past workshop editions:</p>
      <sec id="sec-2-1">
        <title>6th QuASoQ 2018</title>
        <p>Nara, Japan | CEUR Vol-2273</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-2">
        <title>5th QuASoQ 2017</title>
        <p>Nanjing, China | CEUR Vol-2017</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-3">
        <title>4th QuASoQ 2016</title>
        <p>Hamilton, New Zealand | CEUR Vol-1771</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-4">
        <title>3rd QuASoQ 2015</title>
        <p>New Delhi, India | CEUR Vol-1519</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-5">
        <title>2nd QuASoQ 2014</title>
        <p>Jeju, Korea | IEEE Xplore</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-6">
        <title>1st QuASoQ 2013</title>
        <p>Bangkok, Thailand | IEEE Xplore
Since the first edition 48 papers have been presented; the
average acceptance rate it ~ 75 %.</p>
        <p>The following chart depicts where the authors of accepted
papers come from.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>III. WORKSHOP FORMAT</title>
      <p>Based on our former experience we wanted the workshop to be
highly interactive. In order to have an interesting and interactive
event sharing lots of experience, we organized the workshop
presentations applying the author-discussant model.</p>
      <p>Based on this workshop model, papers are presented by one
of the authors. After the presentation, a discussant starts the
discussion based on his or her pre-formulated questions. Therefore,
the discussant had to prepare a set of questions and had to know
the details of the presented paper. The general structure of each
talk was as follows:</p>
      <p>The author of a paper presented the paper (20 minutes).
After that, the discussant of the paper opened the
discussion using his or her questions (5 minutes).</p>
      <p>Finally, we moderated the discussion among the whole
audience (5 minutes).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>IV. WORKSHOP CONTRIBUTIONS Altogether 9 papers were submitted. Finally, these 6 papers were accepted by the program committee for presentation and publication covering very different topics.</title>
      <p>•
•
•
•
•
•
•</p>
      <p>Hirohisa Aman, Sousuke Amasaki, Tomoyuki
Yokogawa, Minoru Kawahara: Empirical Study of Fault
Introduction Focusing on the Similarity among Local
Variable Names
Xingguang Yang, Huiqun Yu, Guisheng Fan, Kang
Yang, Kai Shi: An Empirical Study on Progressive
Sampling for Just-in-Time Software Defect Prediction
•
•
•</p>
      <p>Mahen Gandhi, Amit Kumar, Yugandhar Desai, Sonali
Agarwal: Studying Multifaceted Collaboration of OSS
Developers and its impact on Bug Fixing Performance
Yoon Chow Yeong, Simon Hacks, Horst Lichter:
Prioritization of EA Debts Facilitating Portfolio Theory
We grouped the papers into three sessions and added a final
round-up slot to present and discuss the major findings of our
workshop. The following, we introduce the accepted papers.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>V. SUMMARY OF THE DISCUSSIONS</title>
      <p>About 15 researchers attended the workshop and participated in
the discussions. The author-discussant model was well received
by the participants and led to intensive discussions among them.
The discussions show, that empirical studies and the results of
experiments are of high value and lead to a deeper understanding
of the subject that has been investigated.</p>
      <p>To conclude, in the course of this workshop the participants
proposed and discussed different approaches to quantify relevant
aspects of software development. Especially the discussions led
to new ideas, insights, and take-aways for all participants.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-6">
      <title>VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</title>
      <p>Many people contributed to the success of this workshop. First,
we want to give thanks to the authors and presenters of the
accepted papers. Furthermore, we want to express our gratitude to
the APSEC 2019 organizers; they did a perfect job.
Finally, we are glad that these people served on the program
committee (some of them for many years) and supported the
workshop by soliciting papers and by writing peer reviews:</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-7">
      <title>Ana Nicolaescu, Daimler AG, Germany Wan M.N. Wan Kadir, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia Maria Spichkova, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia</title>
      <p>Tachanun Kangwantrakool, ISEM, Thailand</p>
      <p>Apinporn Methawachananont, NECTEC, Thailand
Nasir Mehmood Minhas, BTH Karlskrona, Sweden
Chayakorn Piyabunditkul, NSTDA, Thailand
Sansiri Tanachutiwat, Thai German Graduate School of
Engineering, TGGS, Thailand
Hironori Washizaki, Waseda University, Japan
Hongyu Zhang, University of Newcastle, Australia</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-8">
      <title>Minxue Pan, Nanjing University, China</title>
      <p>Workshop chairs,</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-9">
      <title>Horst Lichter Thanwadee Sunetnanta Toni Anwar</title>
      <p>2</p>
    </sec>
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