=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2556/paper18
|storemode=property
|title=Construction of the Simulation Model of Transportation Oil Products (short paper)
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2556/paper18.pdf
|volume=Vol-2556
|authors=Vladimir I. Moissev,Tatiana S. Karpova,Vera A. Ksenofontova
}}
==Construction of the Simulation Model of Transportation Oil Products (short paper)==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2556/paper18.pdf
Construction of the Simulation Model of Transportation Oil Products
Moissev V.I. Karpova T.S Ksenofontova V.A.
Higher mathematics, Emperor Information and Computing Higher mathematics, Emperor
Alexander I St. Petersburg Systems, Emperor Alexander I Alexander I St. Petersburg
State Transport University St. Petersburg State Transport State Transport University
Saint-Petersburg, Russia University Saint-Petersburg, Russia
moiseev_v_i@list.ru Saint-Petersburg, Russia koc-vera@yandex.ru
t.s.karpova@gmail.com
geographical capabilities of the country, is not
anticipated [Car].
2. The ability to provide bulk cargo delivery by rail,
unlike road transport, which has a maximum
Abstract volume of one tank-vehicle cargo of 25 tons. At
New method of transportation of viscous the same time, the specialized rolling stock in 45
petroleum products is proposed, ensuring wagons is able to carry cargo weighing up to
their high average temperature and fluidity 3000 tons [Zhe17].
without the use of thermal insulation of the 3. The unisonality of transport in contrast to water
railway tank boiler and ground heating. A transport.
simulation model for the transportation of Let us consider in detail the scheme of transportation of
viscous petroleum products was constructed viscous oil products (Figure 1).
using a new method of modeling the The most energy-intensive and expensive processes are
physical process, allowing to estimate the heating petroleum products before unloading and
amount of resources consumed draining, as well as cleaning the boiler of the railway tank
Keywords. Viscous oil products, railway from the remains of petroleum products with preliminary
transportation, simulation model. evaporation, disposal and disposal of a large amount of
waste [Gon89].
1 INTRODUCTION
Oil and petroleum products are the most important
component of freight transportation of Russian railway
transport, yielding only coal in volume. According to data
for 2018, oil and petroleum products account for more
than 15.3% of the total volume of cargo delivered by RZD.
The revenue from transportation of oil and petroleum
products is 27.5% of the total income received by RZD
[Khu19, Bal08].
2 CURRENT CONDITION OF TRANSPORT OF
VISCOUS OIL PRODUCTS
The advantages of railway transport, which determine its
demand, are as follows:
1. According to data for 2018, the main volumes of
oil cargo transportation are in the Yamal-Nenets
Autonomous District, Omsk Region, the republic
of Bashkortostan, the Krasnoyarsk Territory and
other regions of Siberia. The delivery of viscous
petroleum products from oil refineries
concentrated in the central part of the country to
the end user or terminals is carried out mainly by
rail. And there is no alternative to this situation
at this time. In the future, taking into account the
Figure 1: Scheme Of Transportation Of Viscous Oil
Copyright c by the paper's authors. Use permitted under Creative
Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). In: A. Products.
Khomonenko, B. Sokolov, K. Ivanova (eds.): Selected Papers of the
Models and Methods of Information Systems Research Workshop, St.
Petersburg, Russia, 4-5 Dec. 2019, published at http://ceur-ws.org
103
A significant role here is played by: places of interaction between the transported cargo and the
• Long distances and low branching of walls of the boiler, the viscous oil product solidifies,
railways, which lead to long-term transport forming a high-viscosity layer, which has a small thermal
duration. conductivity, which itself becomes thermal insulation.
• During transportation, transported oil As a result, the bulk of the product remains in a fluid state
products are cooled, and in dark petroleum throughout the transport. In this case, when unloading into
products (masuts, oils, paraffin oil products, the warming-up, a small share of the transported cargo
etc.) viscosity increases so much that their (not more than 10%) is required. The unloading and
discharge without long and intensive heating cleaning process is approaching summer time standards.
necessary for the restoration of fluidity The advantage of this type of transport is the use of the
becomes impossible [Moi12, Bak04]. existing fleet of general-purpose railway tanks.
These problems lead to the fact that transportation of dark
petroleum products is a labor-intensive, long-term and 3 SIMULATION MODEL
expensive operation, which causes low turnover of tank To assess the cost effectiveness of the proposed mode of
wagons, requiring expensive equipment and high costs of transportation, a number of simulation models
heat energy and water (steam). of various processes of transportation of petroleum
products were developed, allowing to conduct functional
2 STRATIFICATION OF VISCOUS OIL and cost analysis. As an instrumental environment was
PRODUCTS (NEW TRANSPORTATION MODEL) used the domestic platform Business Studio [Bis,Kse19].
The most rapid cooling of viscous petroleum products in The modeling used BPMN notation, which allows a very
the first 20-25 hours after pouring into the railway tank, thin and precise description of the simulated business
when the temperature of the petroleum product is high, process.
and the viscosity is small [Zhe17]. With Business Studio, you can see how many times each
Cooling of cargo occurs due to mixed free-forced process has been started, what processes are waiting to
convection through the walls of the boiler of the railway run, and why (lack of material resources), the average
tank. As a result, cooled during transportation, the load number of launches per day. The consumption of material
during unloading needs to be heated to restore fluidity. resources (pair) is visible.
This problem is particularly acute in winter, which in Let's consider one of the most expensive processes of
some regions of the country can last up to 8 months transportation of oil products - cleaning of the railway tank
[Mik77,Mon65] from the remains of cargo, including preparatory
Now, specialized railway tanks are used to slow down the operations, draining of residues and cleaning of the tank
freezing of viscous petroleum products: With a steam- directly. The duration of the cleaning of the railway tank
heater cover, with stationary steam coils, with thermal depends on the nature of the cargo, the period of delivery
insulation of the boiler walls, etc. Their disadvantage is (winter or summer) and can amount to 5-6 hours in winter,
that these railway tanks have a large mass of containers, unlike the summer time, when the cleaning of the tank
which, creating excessive loads on the axle of wheel pairs, takes only 1,5-2 hours.
causes the need to reduce the weight of the load. The We will carry out simulation of the process of cleaning the
consequence of the use of specialized trains is the non- boiler of the tank-car in winter period at work of one drain
productivity of transportation and a very large, empty run, device and average temperature of air -25̊С. The result of
usually reaching 50% [Mor06]. the simulation is visible in Fig.2.
One possible way to reduce the cost of railway The diagram shows that during the past day, a composition
transportation is to slow down the rate of cooling of consisting of 22 railway tanks arrived at the wash-and-row
viscous petroleum products during transportation by station. Of this number, 6 railway tanks were completely
transferring them to stratified state at the time of loading. cleaned, another 17 are waiting for their turn.
This non-equilibrium condition can be achieved by In Table 1, it is shown that process "Steaming" was
increasing the density of the cargo carried at the bottom of launched 21 times, in 18 cases it is completed, and in 3 it
the railway tank even during loading. Directly in the is being carried out at the moment. The queue was formed
Table 1: Calculate The Number Of Processes Running In Winter
Figure 2: Simulation Of The Process Cleaning Of The Tank In Winter
104
during the "Solvent washing" process, which was Three climatic zones are allocated for clarity of
launched 18 times, of which in 8 cases the process was calculation.
starts per day
implementati
Expected the
The average
The average
Awaits in a
completion
Completed
number of
number of
in process
Launched
material
per day
Awaits
queue
ons
Process
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank 22 6 16 - - - 22 6
A2.3.1.11.6.1 Data transfer operator 22 22 0 0 0 0 22 22
A2.3.1.11.6.2 Intoduce data of system 22 22 0 0 0 0 22 22
A2.3.1.11.6.3 Steaming 22 21 1 0 0 0 22 21
A2.3.1.11.6.4 Solvent washing 21 7 0 0 14 0 21 7
A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 7 7 0 0 0 0 7 7
A2.3.1.11.6.6 Drying and degassing of tank 7 6 1 0 0 0 7 6
A2.3.1.11.6.7 Refilling pouring valve 9 6 1 0 0 0 6 6
TOTAL 107 91 2 0 14 0
completed, and in 10 cases railway tank wait for their turn. 1. The 1st climatic zone, to which the south the
country belongs with a duration of winter
Table 2 shows how much steam was used during the period up to 3 months and an average
"Washing water" process. In total, this process was started temperature of -9,5̊С and a summer period
6 times. In the column "Operand" we see the steam flow with an average temperature of + 30̊С.
for each running process. In the column "Output Value" is
reflected how much steam was used. 2. The 2nd climatic zone, to which the
Primorsky region belongs, the central,
Table 2: Calculation Of Steam Consumption In Winter
Process Date and time Operation Input valve Operator Operand Output valve
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№1 03.12.2019 04:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 0 + 859,4854 859,4854
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№2 03.12.2019 07:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 859,4854 + 836,8943 1696,3798
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№3 03.12.2019 09:50:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 1696,3798 + 820,7522 2417,132
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№4 03.12.2019 12:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 2517,132 + 823,4373 3340,5693
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№5 03.12.2019 15:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 3340,5693 + 832,5056 4173,0749
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№6 03.12.2019 18:10:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 4173,0749 + 810,3542 4983,4291
western and northwestern parts of the battle
With the new loading system, petroleum products come to with a duration of the winter period up to 5
the end user in a hot state and practically does not need months and an average winter temperature of
heating during draining. Therefore, the cleaning process -10̊С and summer temperature of +25̊С
will be similar to the summer time of the year. Let us carry
out simulation at work of one drain device and average
temperature of air 18̊С. The result of the simulation is
visible in Fig.3.
The wash-and-row station received a composition
consisting of 20 tank wagons. Of these, when one is
working with one drain device, completely cleaned 16.
The Table 3 show the average number of launches per day
and the material consumption.
The process "Washing water", for example, was launched
17 times, of which 16 are completed, and 1 are waiting in
the queue.
It is clear from Table 4 that during the cleaning of 16 tank
wagons in summer less steam was spent than the winter
period for cleaning 6 railway tanks.
The final Table 5 shows the amount of steam used to clean
the tank during summer and winter periods, depending on
the climate zone, calculated using the Business Studio
platform.
105
Figure 3: Calculate The Number Of Process Cleaning Of The Tank In Summer
Table 3: Calculate The Number Of Processes Running In Summer
implementation
completion per
starts per day
Expected the
The average
The average
Awaits in a
Completed
number of
number of
in process
Launched
material
Awaits
queue
day
Process
s
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank 20 16 4 - - - 20 16
A2.3.1.11.6.1 Data transfer operator 20 20 0 0 0 0 20 20
A2.3.1.11.6.2 Intoduce data of system 20 20 0 0 0 0 20 20
A2.3.1.11.6.3 Steaming 20 18 2 0 0 0 20 18
A2.3.1.11.6.4 Solvent washing 18 17 0 0 1 0 18 17
A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 17 16 1 0 0 0 17 16
A2.3.1.11.6.6 Drying and degassing of
16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16
tank
A2.3.1.11.6.7 Refilling pouring valve 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16
TOTAL 127 123 3 0 1 0
Table 4: Calculation Of Steam Consumption In Summer
Input Output
Process Date and time Operation Operator Operand
valve valve
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№02 03.12.2019 05:10:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 401,768 + 418,703 817,471
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№03 03.12.2019 06:20:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 817,471 + 429,2333 1246,7043
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№04 03.12.2019 07:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 1246,7043 + 392,7268 1639,4311
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№05 03.12.2019 11:50:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 1639,4311 + 413,4642 2082,8953
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№06 03.12.2019 12:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 2052,8953 + 412,3968 2465,2922
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№07 03.12.2019 13:40:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 2465,2922 + 403,5332 2868,8254
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№08 03.12.2019 14:50:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 2868,8254 + 401,3142 3270,1396
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№09 03.12.2019 16:00:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 3270,1396 + 410,0197 3680,1594
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№10 03.12.2019 16:30:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 3680,1594 + 405,8139 4085,9732
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№11 03.12.2019 17:30:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 4085,9732 + 421,1948 4507,168
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№12 03.12.2019 18:50:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 4507,168 + 410,0919 4917,26
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№13 03.12.2019 19:50:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 4917,26 + 403,3065 5320,5664
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№14 03.12.2019 21:00:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 5320,5664 + 393,7696 5714,3361
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№15 03.12.2019 22:00:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 5714,3361 + 414,0233 6128,3593
A2.3.1.11.6 Wash tank inst.№16 03.12.2019 23:00:00 A2.3.1.11.6.5 Washing water 6128,3593 + 400,7783 6529,1377
106
3. The 3rd climatic zone, which includes the 5. In the future, for more complete calculations, it
regions of Siberia and the far East, with a is planned to integrate a process that takes into
winter period of up to 8 months and an account external factors into the existing model.
average temperature of -22̊С in winter, and in
summer +18̊С. References
[Bak04] Bakhtizin R.N. and other Transportation and
Table 5: The amount of steam used to clean the tank storage of high-viscosity oils and oil products.
in different climatic zones Use of electric heating. Moscow, Chemistry,
1st climate zone 2nd climate zone 3rd climate zone 2004. 193 p
Number of railway [Bal08] Balashov A.K. Russian railways. SPB, Peter,
17 17 18
Summer season
tanks, pcs
Consumption of steam
2008
5375,68 6041,54 7061,10 [Bis] https://www.businessstudio.ru/
is only, kg
Consumption of steam [Car] https://www.cargo-report.info/
on average for one 316 355 392,28 [Gon89] Goncharov V.P. Draining of railway tanks of
railway tank, kg
Number of railway
high-viscosity oil products and other cargoes
5 5 5 with two-phase environment // Transport and
tanks, pcs
Winter season
Consumption of steam
5603 5798,35 6647,98
storage of oil products and hydrocarbon raw
is only, kg materials: NTIS. -M.: CNIITTEneftekhim,
Consumption of steam
on average for one 1120,6 1159,67 1329,6
№4, 1989. Page 26-33
railway tank, kg [Kse19] Ksenofontova V.A., Karpova T.S., Moiseeva V.I.
Lolips// Russian Patent No. 2019666553. 2019.
The data obtained using the simulation model correspond [Khu19] Khusainov V.I., Ozhereleva M.V. Transportation
to the data obtained from the calculation [Tkt16]. of coal and oil cargo by rail: Current status and
The Figure 4 shows the change in the vapor mass (G) from prospects, Transport of the Russian
the ambient temperature (t) at the thickness of the oil Federation, SPb, 2019 Page 22-27
deposits on the walls of the tank 0,02m. [Mik77] Mikheev M.A. and other Bases of heat transfer.
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[Moi12] Moiseev V.I. Theory and models of heat-mass
1200
G,kg
transfer processes in transport operations with
1000 solidified liquid cargoes. Thesis for the degree
800 of Doctor of Technical Sciences. St. Petersburg,
600 PGUPS, 2012
400 [Mon65] Monin A.S., Yaglom a.m., Statistical
hydromechanics. Moscow: "Science", 1965
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[Mor06] Morchiladze I.G., Nikodimov A.P., Sokolov
0 M.m., Tretyakov A.V. Railway tanks. –
-35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 Moscow: IBS-Holding, 2006
[Tkt16] Tktashev R.N., Krylov E.V., Kirillova L.P.,
t,̊C Erokhin A.V. Calculation of steam
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Temperature Modern tendencies of development of science
and technology. Belgorod, 2016, Page 113-117
[Zhe17] Zhebanov A.V. Management of heat-physical
4 CONCLUSION processes in oil products during their
A new way of transportation of viscous petroleum transportation in a heat-insulated tank. Thesis
products is proposed. A simulation model for the for the degree of candidate of technical
transportation of petroleum products was constructed, sciences. St. Petersburg, PGUPS
allowing to estimate the amount of resources necessary for
heating the oil product before unloading and during the
cleaning of the railway tank.
Advantages of the built model:
1. For the first time a new method for modeling
physical processes was used.
2. To build the simulation model, a new tool was
used, which was previously used exclusively for
modeling economic business processes.
3. The domestic Business Studio platform was used
as a tool environment.
4. The data obtained from simulation are consistent
with the data obtained from the calculation.
107
108