Management process modeling in the context of intersectoral cooperation based on distributed information systems allows to reduce costs of development and exploitation of such complex systems. The proposed technique of process analysis allows to decompose the overall management system process as well as visualize of information models and graphical representation of processes and simplifies the understanding at the analysis and design stage between the customer and the system developer. The system analysis bases and a simplified management system development example of the online publishing network are presented.
The need to improve the management efficiency of distributed information systems
requires the usage of information technologies that provide a reflection of the system
state and the management system processes in real-time [
Analysis and visualization of management processes allows to avoid the
psychological barrier, ambiguity, confusion and misunderstandings between client and
developer of information system and also reduce the cost of development,
implementation, and maintenance of such complex systems [
The goal of the project is to develop information models of customer relationship management systems based on the project documentation on demand for online publishing. The enterprise structure is analyzed, defined the research problems and proposed the methods of problem solving, specification of processes, functional and nonfunctional requirements.
The novelty of the work is in presentation the technique of system analysis by
following international standards [
The practical meaning is in a comprehensive analysis of the structure and course of management processes, avoiding misunderstandings in formulating the task and providing customer requirements and also reducing the development and exploitation cost of management systems. A simplified example of management system relation with clients in online publishing was developed in this project.
Online publishing is a medium-sized enterprise that provides a wide range of publishing services. Collaboration with customers and orders fulfillment are executed via the Internet, finished products are sent to customers by mail or courier. The company owns a fleet of printing machines and a team of graphic designers, who prepare orders for printing and creating a graphic layout in accordance with the requirements formulated by the customer.
The basics of visual modeling have been published in [9]. Let’s analyze a
simplified example of system process analysis according to the requirements [
The problem of research is that clients do not have the appropriate level of knowledge in printing techniques, so they are not always able to place an order that can be executed in the desired quality.
The solution for this problem is in implementation of information provision that will allow customers and graphic designer to work together on the final version of the order, viewing the files, making changes, accepting versions, and posting comments.
The basics of visual modeling have been published in [9]. Let’s analyze a
simplified example of system process analysis according to the requirements [
The problem of research is that clients do not have the appropriate level of knowledge of printing techniques, so they are not always able to complete an order that can be executed in the desired quality.
The solution to this restriction is in implementation of information support that will allow customers and print staff to work together on the final version of the order, viewing the files, making changes, accepting versions, and posting comments.
The purpose of the system implementation is to provide the following factors: • reducing complaints and costs; • inclusion the customer in the process of quality control of the order fulfillment, which will satisfy their demand and in the future will stimulate to place another orders; • quality assurance of the provided services; • simplifying the graphic designers work by fulfilling the client's expectations and wishes; • reduction of terms of non-communication with the client.
In order to define system functions, we analyze the structure of organizational units
in management system [
The organizational structure of the management system consists of the following system units (Fig. 1).
O1 The enterprise management controls the progress of the production and management process, engages in the logistics of ensuring processes to achieve the maximum technical and economic enterprise efficiency.
O2: The printing department controls the quality of files received from the client, their correction, and the reconciliation of prepared templates for printing with the client.
O3: Manufacturing of the enterprise perform production and maintenance of equipment.
O4: Accounting and HR Management.
O5: The marketing department cooperates with clients, creates promotional packages, shapes the company image. Organizes promotions and develops marketing strategies aimed at attracting new customers and retaining regular customers. Collects and analyzes information to ensure optimal quality of service.
O6: The sales department deals with receiving and processing orders, negotiating and delivering goods. Collaborates with the marketing department and analyzes customer complaints.
The modeled system provides a comprehensive online ordering service for print products with delivery to the specified address. The models are implemented as the interacting modules shown on Fig. 1. 3
Functional user’s requirements are the main factors in the composition of system
operations in the management system, its architecture and software [
[FUNО1] The system allows the user to log in, access and edit the documents to which the user has the rights assigned to the respective roles.
[FUNО2] The following roles and privileges are defined in the system: • client – can place an order, send messages, access to the project in the form of read-only and approval the project version; • schedule - the ability to send a message, access the project in edit mode and send the project for print; • manager - send messages, read-only access to the project and access to statistics related to the project preparation process (for example, the number of hours spent on the project by individual users. [FUNО3] The system directs the customer's order to the manager.
[FUNО4] The system allows the manager to include in the project any number of graphic images available in the system.
[FUNО5] Only the client who placed the order, all system managers and graphic designers assigned to this project can access the project
[FUNО6] The system allows a manager to withdraw from a graphic designer project that was previously assigned to him.
[FUNО7] The system allows to print only a project approved by the customer. [FUNО8] The system provides the ability to store the history of created reports and processed files.
[FUNО9] The system allows: • preview high-resolution image files (in read mode); • Uploading image files in the following formats: .png, .pdf, .jpg, .psd, .xcf; • processing image files in the following formats: .png, .pdf, .jpg, .psd, .xcf; • archiving of projects; • deleting files or projects; • renaming files and folders; • view file and folder properties. 4
The following non-functional requirements are formulated to hardware and software
in the management system's [
[NFО1] Subject to the granting of an additional license by the contractor, it’s using have to be indefinite.
[NFО2] The contractor provides guidance on the operation of the developed system to monitor data flows.
[NFО3] The Customer is the sole proprietor of the developed solutions and licenses provided by the contractor, as well as all solutions and processes specifically tailored to the requirements of the system. 5 6
[NFО4] The system should provide simple and fast information exchange based on network technologies, as well as the transition to new versions or another server.
[NFО5] Configuring system privileges must be in accordance with the principle of minimum privileges.
[NFО6] The system has to monitor communication errors, generate error information as a log in .txt format.
[NFО7] The system provides constant access to resources temporary break is only allowed when new versions of the system are introduced. It must be possible to restore the system before upgrading or crashing
[NFО8] The system must be capable of reconfiguring and embedding new services without interfering with other modules or system operations.
[NFО9] The system must have software that is configured to provide high availability of services and the ability to use components of the above software that are resilient to failure of one server or module that is a component of the system to increase its reliability.
Based on formulated user requirements, the system management process was decomposed into two processes: order execution and calculation of order execution cost.
The result of the decomposition of control system processes is the definition of
system operations [
The identified system operations are ordered and scheduled to be performed in the overall management process according to the following graphical models.
The matrix model of the overall system management process reflects two
customerdefined processes (fig. 2): order fulfillment and cost estimates of the order
implementation. This model allows to visualize the performance of individual system
operations in the relevant units on a timeline [
Fig. 2. Matrix model of the management system.
Model type "Network graph" (Fig. 3) is the basic, derivative of the Gantt model
[
Based on the network graph model, a block diagram of the algorithm of the system
operations program was constructed (fig. 4), which, based on object-oriented
programming, allows for rapid implementation and implementation of management
system application software [
The process is simulated using the online BPSimulator program, located at http://www.bpsimulator.com [16]. Below is a model, built to simulate the control process (fig. 5) based on previous information models and BPsimulator generated report (fig. 6). The simulation results made it possible to evaluate the performance of the management system software and determine the average lead time of the process [17].
Based on the simulation results, the developer is able to perform visual modeling of business processes, identify "narrow" areas of productivity, estimate the time and cost of operations, to select and justify the optimal variant of the management process organization.
Fig. 4. Flowchart of the algorithm for performing system operations.
The article presents information models of online publishing management support
system with decomposition of customer relations processes. The models are built
according to the standards ІЕЕЕ/ISO/IEC [
Based on the developed methods that visualize the course of complex control systems, the modeling basics are determined, which made it possible to represent the process progress and manage the information system in real time. Methods and technique of visualization of control processes are presented, which eliminates the psychological barrier and avoids mutual misunderstanding between the client and the information system developer, and reduce the cost of developing, implementing, and maintaining distributed management systems.
The goal of the project has been achieved, which consisted in system analysis and construction of information models of management process by the example of online publishing. The decomposition of the system based on the analysis of real processes is carried out. System implementation can optimize costs, improve service quality, and automate system processes.
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