The evolution of society to the digital future has initiated major changes in the principles and approaches to science and education. One of the important aspects of moving along this way is open access to the results of scientific research, which can be implemented using technology and the open archives software platform. The implementation of open archives in the libraries of research and educational institutions requires solving many problems as the select and correcting of data schemes, the batch exchange of data between the library automation system and the digital archive, authentication and authorization, licensing for digital documents and collections, and etc. Some of these problems are relatively easy solved by web services that are actively developing in the process of creating a scientific communication infrastructure on the Internet and being its integral part. Their inclusion as part a digital archive, as well as exploring the possibilities and features of their functioning, is an actual task. Some services useful for libraries are considered, integration with which can be implemented using the DSpace 6.3, as well as the features of their configuration and operation.
services that are actively developing in the process of creating a scientific communication infrastructure on the Internet and being its integral part. For this reason, their inclusion to a digital repository, as well as the study of the possibilities and features of their functioning, is an actual task. Unfortunately, until recently, a significant part of such services, for example, OCLC LC Name Authority Service, have not been Russified, and therefore can only be used in a limited way. However, the development of open archive technologies in non-English-speaking countries leads to evolutionary changes in this area. Connection to the external services of the digital repository of the Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS was carried out on DSpace 6.3. 2
Handle are just one of the options for global identification of digital objects. There are many different systems for
persistent identification: Handle, DOI, urn: nbn, purl, and many more. DSpace allows the use of external identifier
services different from Handle. The most popular in scientific organizations is the DOI identification service. DOIs
are persistent identifier like Handle, but as many big publishing companies use DOIs, they are quite well-known to
scientists. Some journals ask for DOIs to link supplemental material whenever an article is submitted. In DSpace,
starting with version 4.0, you can use DOI in parallel to the Handle. By “using DOI” is meant the automatic
generation, reservation and registration of DOI for every item that enters the repository. These newly registered DOIs
will not be used as a means of building URIs for DSpace items [
To register a DOI, one has to enter into a contact with a DOI registration agency which is a member of the
International DOI Foundation. There are several such agencies. Different DOI registration agencies have different
policies. Some of them offer DOI registration especially or only for educational institutions, others only for
publishing companies. Most registration agencies charge fees for registering DOI, and they all have different rules
describing for what kind of item a DOI can be registered. DataCite is an international initiative to promote science
and research, and a member of the International DOI Foundation. DataCite’s members act as registration agencies for
DOI. Some DataCite members provide their own APIs to reserve and register DOIs; others let their clients use the
DataCite API directly. Starting with version 4.0, DSpace supports DOI administration by using the DataCite API
directly or by using the EZID API (which is a service of the University of California Digital Library). This means you
can administer DOIs with DSpace if your registration agency allows you to use the DataCite API directly or if the
registration agency is EZID [
Another interesting service that can be used to authority control and determine the affiliation of authors is the
ORCID service. Integration with it adds ORCID compatibility to all existing authority control solutions in DSpace.
The string names of the authors are still stored in the DSpace metadata. The authority key field is used to store a
uniquely created internal identifier that associates the author with his more advanced metadata, including the ORCID
and alternative author names. ORCID authorities not only link a digital identifier to a name. It regroups a load of
metadata going from alternate names and email addresses to keywords about their works and much more. The
metadata is obtained by querying the ORCID web services. In order to avoid querying the ORCID web services every
time, all these related metadata are gathered in a "reputable metadata cache" that DSpace can access directly [
To intensify the creation of digital archive content, a useful function is to import data from external sources. For importing DSpace offers several different methods, the most promising of which is importing by the REST API. Mainly, in this context we are talking about importing descriptive metadata of items, as well as their full texts, if they are placed in the public domain. For importing, metadata mapping between different data schemes are used, comparing the values of the metadata fields of the imported records with the corresponding meaning fields of the DSpace internal representation. As a format for downloading records from external sources, xml is used. Relatively simple way of importing due to the conformity of the schemes and data formats used by them is to import documents from foreign information resources. The practice of joint work of the international community with digital repositories has led to the accumulation of metadata mapping for the most common information resources - arXiv, PubMed, CrossRef, CiNii, etc. If necessary, the imported data is processed and can be visually presented in one of the bibliographic formats. Domestic SABs are configured for MARC formats, they rarely provide an API for importing and do not have external importing services, therefore transferring records from SAB to a digital archive requires the formation of their own metadata mapping and handlers.
And finally, the generated digital archive should be, at a minimum, registered by the services whose prerogative it is. In particular, the service who registers open access digital repositories is OpenDOAR, which records all information about the digital archive. Registration is free, but it takes some time associated with testing a digital resource, since it must meet certain requirements of the registration service: 1. It must be continuously available. 2. It cannot be an electronic journal. 3. It must not contain closed materials. 4. It cannot be only bibliographic, but must contain full texts. 5. It cannot be a library catalog or a collection of locally available e-books. 6. Access to the resource should not be limited by password or registration. 7. Should not be a proprietary database or subscription resource.
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Distribution of digital repositories formed in open archive technologies is an important step towards open science. The repository provides global identification of content, the ability to combine text and data in a consolidated digital object, the safety of documents and their licensing. Integration of the repository with rapidly developing systems and Internet services is a guarantee of embedding the contents of the digital archive in the infrastructure of scientific communication.