=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2604/paper64
|storemode=property
|title=Modeling of the Information System for Processing of a Large Distilled Data for the Investigation of Competitiveness of Enterprises
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2604/paper64.pdf
|volume=Vol-2604
|authors=Nataliya Boyko,Lesia Mochurad,Iryna Stetsiv,Yurii Kryvenchuk
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/colins/BoykoMSK20
}}
==Modeling of the Information System for Processing of a Large Distilled Data for the Investigation of Competitiveness of Enterprises==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2604/paper64.pdf
Modeling of the Information System for Processing of a
Large Distilled Data for the Investigation of
Competitiveness of Enterprises
Nataliya Boyko[0000-0002-6962-9363], Lesia Mochurad[0000-0002-4957-1512],
Iryna Stetsiv [0000-0003-4982-1355], Yurko Kryvenchuk[0000-0002-2504-5833]
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv79013, Ukraine
nataliya.i.boyko@lpnu.ua, lesia.i.mochurad@lpnu.ua,
irina.s.stetsiv@lpnu.ua, yurkokryvenchuk@gmail.com
Abstract. The technology of data analysis is offered for finding competitive-
ness of the enterprises. To determine the competitiveness of enterprises, a
methodology based on the theory of effective competition is used. This method
is proposed by economists Joseph Schumpeter and Friedrich Hayek and is one
of the most widely used methods. According to this theory, the most competi-
tive enterprises are those, where there is the best organized work of all units and
services as a system. An example of using the Microsoft Excel Power Pivot
technology to download large volumes of data, their processing and analysis of
unstructured information and its organization into an ordered database is given.
Examples of methods for working with non-structured data arrays are given.
Scientific directions for the analysis of cumbersome data are determined. The
principles of work of unstructured data in distributed information systems are
formulated. The work of the Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheet process is pre-
sented to achieve goals. Its properties and highlights of advantages and disad-
vantages of finding and comparing the competitiveness of enterprises were ana-
lyzed. An analysis of the ease of connection to the database, the data trans-
ferfrom the model, the formation of tables, conducting complex data calcula-
tions, updating information in tables, grouping data and outputting totals is
made.
The experiments conducted have proven the feasibility of using the Microsoft
Office Excel spreadsheet to process large volumes of data presented in text
files, modeling and grouping data with poor quality information representation.
This work analyzes the data structure in order to determine the state of the en-
terprises in the Ukrainian export market and develop algorithms for the research
of competitiveness. Further research may consist in the widespread use of in-
formation systems that would provide an easy-to-understand and effective set of
technologies to determine the company's competitiveness and make recommen-
dations for its improvement.
Keywords: system, technology, information, technique, database, competitive-
ness, OLAP-cube, modeling, processing, analysis.
Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors.
Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
1 Introduction
In recent years, the promising area of scientific research is the application of IT in
various fields: economics, management, education, medicine, etc. To date, most of the
novelties in the field of information technology are used to solve managerial prob-
lems. Information technologies are being improved in the following key areas: a sig-
nificant increase in the efficiency of technology; simplification access and expanding
the potential of software tools and widespread use of "open technologies"; creating a
user friendly interface; significant improvement in the quality and function of infor-
mation technology and the reduction of their value [1-3].
For example, the use of spreadsheets is particularly useful in financial control of
enterprises, as well as in analysing of their work. In order for the company to grow
up, it is necessary to watch after its position on the world stage. For this, it is neces-
sary to regularly evaluate its competitiveness. By doing this, the owner of the enter-
prise has the opportunity to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, to
identify its hidden potential and, accordingly, to maximize its working strategy [7-9].
Only the company with the competitive advantage in a certain place, at a certain time,
as well as the ability to obtain and maintain this advantage can compete in the market.
Consequently, the competitiveness of enterprises is a process where each market par-
ticipant, striving to realize its goals, tries to represent more advantageous than other
offers of prices, quality or other features that affect the process of entering into a
transaction; the ability to increase the company's internal efficiency of functioning
through the strengthening and improvement of the market position; the ability to de-
sign, manufacture and sell goods whose prices, quality and other features are more
attractive than the corresponding features of goods offered to consumers. For this
analysis, Microsoft Excel spreadsheet is suited for a convenient and understandable
graphical user interface. Thus, the process of constructing an OLAP - cube for the
study of the competitiveness of the enterprise through Microsoft Excel 2013 is the
subject of this study [12-15].
The subject of the study is methods and tools for downloading, transmitting, mod-
eling and processing data in Microsoft Excel 2013.
The purpose of the work is to investigate the feasibility of using Microsoft Excel
2013 to build an OLAP cube, to determine the competitiveness of the enterprise.
2 Setting the Task
The research objective is to provide IT the development of the Microsoft Office Excel
2013 table processor information system for processing large volumes of unstructured
data to examine the competitiveness of enterprises. To achieve this, the following
tasks must be solved [10-12]:
look through the methods and principles for working with cumbersome data in
the Microsoft Office Excel 2013 table processor;
take a look at the capabilities of the Microsoft Office Excel Power Pivot add-in
for analyzing and modeling data that is presented in text files;
become familiar with the concept of OLAP - cube in the Excel 2007 spread-
sheet;
analyze TEC technology to determine the competitiveness of the enterprise;
make a summary analysis of the efficiency of using the Microsoft Office Excel
2013 table processor;
sum up the comparative competitiveness of the enterprise data.
3 Review of the Literature
Today, information systems are widely evolving in different areas and simplify their
lives. One of the examples is the economics, an integral part of which is the new
technology that helps to improve and accelerate its development. The work of foreign
scientists [1-2] will help you choose the environment to create OLAP - cube that will
help you calculate the necessary data. As the chosen theme was based on the research
of the competitiveness of enterprises, the following works help to get acquainted with
this subject [3-6]. In these works, attention is focused on the competitiveness of
enterprises in general and individual factors also. After all, each stage of production
and export of products plays an important role in assessing the competitiveness. Using
such electronic resources [7-9], you can familiarize yourself with creating an OLAP -
cube using Microsoft Office Excel tools. These articles describe the sequence of
creation and execution.
After analyzing it was found that there is no single specific and common method-
ology and technology for calculating the competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore,
working with a detailed description of the development of OLAP - cube for determin-
ing the competitiveness of enterprises is relevant [11, 14].
4 Methods of Solving
Probably everyone who connects their field of activities with computers knows what
databases are. But unlike the usual relational DBMS, the concept of OLAP is not so
well known. So let's dash what it represents On-Line Analytical Processing. This is a
technology for operational and analytical (online) data processing. The basic principle
of OLAP is the multidimensional representation of the data. Some measurements are
made highlighting the factors that influence the activity of the multidimensional mod-
el, and receive a hypercube, which is filled with performance indicators. Data can be
real or predicted based on data accumulated over time. Indicators can be collected
from different sources, cleared, merged and compiled into a relational repository.
Moreover, they are available for analysis.
In 1993, E.F. Codd have formulated OLAP criteria. He identified 12 rules that the
OLAP class software product should meet [12]:
1. Multidimensional Conceptual View (Multi-Dimensional Conceptual View). An-
alysts should be able to perform such operations as "longitudinal and longitudinal
analysis", rotation and placement of data.
2. Transparency
3. Accessibility. OLAP must perform all the transformations that are necessary to
provide a holistic view of the user to the information.
4. Sustainable Performance (Consistent Reporting Performance).
5. Client-server architecture (Client-Server Architecture).
6. Generic Dimensionality. Baza data structure, report formats should not be based
on one dimension.
7. Dynamic Sparse Matrix Handling (Dynamic Sparse Matrix Handling).
8. Multi-User Support.
9. Unrestricted Cross-Dimensional Operations. Work with data from any number
of measurements can not be prohibited.
10. Intuitive Data Manipulation. Manipulations inherent in the structure of the hier-
archy must be executed in a convenient interface.
11. Flexible Reporting (Flexible Reporting).
12. An unlimited number of measurements and levels of aggregation (Ed Dimen-
sions and Aggregation Levels).
Subsequently, these requirements were transformed into the FASMI test. This test
also defines the requirements for OLAP products. The decipherment of this abbrevia-
tion is [5]:
Fast. On average, access to data should take about 5 seconds.
Analysis. The user should be given the opportunity to perform a static and nu-
merical analysis.
Shared (Access is divided). Ability to work for multiple users at a time.
Multidimensional. Hierarchy support, multidimensional conceptual representa-
tion of data.
Information. The user should be able to receive the necessary information in
whatever electronic storage it was located.
Intelligent data analysis allows you to automatically generate hypotheses based on a
large amount of accumulated data, which can be verified by other analysis tools, such
as OLAP. On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) is a promising service in terms of
the subject field, which provides a flexible view of the information, obtaining an arbi-
trary cut of data and performing analytical operations of detail, convolution, through-
distribution, comparison of the document circulation of communicative structures in
time. OLAP does not in fact mean specific software products, but multidimensional
data analysis technology. The basis of OLAP technology lies in the conception of the
hypercube of the data model. In this regard, depending on the answers to the ques-
tions on whether there is a hypercube as a separate physical structure, or it is only a
virtual data model, there are two main types of analytical data processing: MOLAP
and ROLAP [10].
The data in the OLAP model are presented as measures, each of which is defined
in a certain set of dimensions.
Working with OLAP - cube in the Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheet using the
Power add-in that can be used to perform powerful data analysis and creation of com-
plex data models. With Power Pivot, you can blur large volumes of data from a varie-
ty of sources, quickly analyze information and easily share information. In Excel and
Power Pivot you can create a data model, a set of relations tables.
The data you work with Excel and Power Pivot is stored in an analytical database
in the Excel workbook, and a powerful local engine loads, performs queries, and up-
dates the data in this database. Because the data in Excel, they are immediately avail-
able for PivotTables, PivotCharts, PowerView and other Excel functions that you use
to aggregate and interact with the data. Power Pivot supports files up to 2GB and
allows you to work with up to 4GB of data [4].
Our goal is to find the most competitive company with OLAP cube.
For this example, determining the company's competitiveness will use a method
based on TEC. According to this theory, the most competitive enterprises have the
best organized work of all units and services as a system. There are many factors that
affect the performance of each service. Evaluating the effectiveness of each unit in-
volves assessing the effectiveness of the use of resources provided to them. The
method defines the main economic indicators, which are divided into 4 groups [9]:
Indicators of economic efficiency of activity.
Indicators of the financial position of products.
Indicators of sales of products.
Product Quality Indicators.
As indicators of the fourth group characterize the ability of the enterprise to meet the
needs of consumers in accordance with its purpose, we do not take it into account,
because our enterprises produce products of various purposes.
Consequently, KCO = 0,15EO + 0,29FP + 0,23EZ, where KCO is the coefficient
of competitiveness of the organization; EO - the value of the criterion of the effec-
tiveness of the organization's production activities; AF - value of the criterion of the
financial position of the organization; EZ - value of the criterion of the effectiveness
of the organization of sales and promotion of goods. All of these criteria are calculat-
ed as follows:
EO = 0,31V + 0,19F + 0,4Rp where B is the relative indicator of production
costs per unit of output, which reflects the cost effectiveness of production.
𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑠
Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝑉 = 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 ; F -
relative indicator of return on capital, characterizing the efficiency of the use
of fixed assets. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝐹 =
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
; Pn - a relative indicator of profitability of a
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑡𝑠
product, characterizing the degree of profitability of products. Rule of calcula-
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ∗ 100
tion of the indicator: 𝑃𝑛 = 𝐹𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ; PP - relative indicator of la-
bor productivity, reflects the degree of organization of production and use of
labor. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝑃𝑃 =
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑒𝑠
;
FP = 0,29Ka + 0,2Kp + 0,15Ko, where Ka is the relative indicator of the au-
tonomy of the organization, characterizes the enterprise's independence from
external sources of financing. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝐾𝑎 =
𝑂𝑤𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑠
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠
; Кp - the relative indicator of solvency of the or-
ganization, reflects the ability of the enterprise to fulfill its financial obliga-
tions and determines the probability of bankruptcy. Rule of calculation of the
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑦
indicator: 𝐾𝑝 = ; Ko - a relative indicator of turnover of
𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
working capital, analyzes the efficiency of the use of working capital. Rule of
𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
calculation of the indicator: 𝐾𝑜 = 𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑜𝑓𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 .
EZ = 0,37Rp + 0,29Kz + 0,2 IKm + 0,14Kp, where Rp - the relative indicator
of profitability of sales, characterizes profitability of the enterprise on the mar-
ket, correctness of the price setting. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝑝 =
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ∗ 100
𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
; Kz - a relative indicator of foraging in finished products,
reflects the degree of forging in finished products. An increase in the indicator
indicates a fall in demand. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝐾𝑧 =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑜𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠
; Km - a relative indicator of the loading of produc-
𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
tion capacity, shows the business activity of the enterprise, the efficiency of the
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑜𝑓𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
sales service. Rule of calculation of the indicator: 𝐾𝑚 =
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
.[11]
5 Experiments
The research is carried out for the enterprises of three branches, the products of which
are in greatest demand abroad:
1. Honey (honey products):
Bartnik LLC is a limited liability company based in Iziaslav, Khmelnytsky re-
gion.
Agro Ist Trade LLC is a limited liability company based in the city of Myko-
layiv.
Ukrainian Honey Company - a Donetsk company for the selection, purchase
and sale of honey products, located in the city of Volnovaha.
2. Butter (dairy products):
PJSC "VMZ Roshen" - Public Joint-Stock Company is located in Vinnytsia.
LLC "Radivilmoloko" - a limited liability company located in Krupets, Rivne
region.
PE "Alma-Vita" -private enterprise in village. Zolotniki, Ternopil region.
3. Sugar:
PC "Podillya" - food company that is located in the village. Kryzhopil, Vinny-
tsia region.
LLC "Novorozhitsky sugar factory" - a limited liability company is located in
the village. Novorozhitsk, Poltava region.
OJSC "Radekhiv Sugar Refinery" - Open Joint-Stock Company of the village
of Pavlov, Lviv region.
These enterprises are presented in the form of test files with information about the
work of the enterprise (data on production) and data on the export of goods. These
files contain information separated by dates (business days of enterprises).
Data from files is downloaded using Power Pivot, a data modeling technology that
allows you to create data models, establish relationships, and add computing. Also,
text files are downloaded with a list of general information for all enterprises and the
date (the time period for which the research will be conducted) (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. An example of downloading and displaying data using Power Point
After downloading all the data, the links between the tables are established. To do
this, the data is displayed in the form of diagrams (Start → Presentation in the form of
a diagram). The corresponding "Date" fields of the business tables and the "Date"
table are merged (the table of substitution will be the "Date" table). This connection
will serve as a breakdown of time data in the OLAP- cube. Also, the connection of the
corresponding fields "Enterprise Code" of the business tables to the Enterprise table is
created (the table of substitution will be the "Enterprise" table). This connection col-
lects information by displaying the product categories in OLAP - cubes. Another im-
portant link is the connection of the corresponding tables of the enterprise with the
export of goods (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2. Chart of links between tables
The next step is to export data from tables on the corresponding sheets, for their pro-
cessing (Fig. 3).
Fig. 3. An example of the original form of the table with the data on the work of the enterprise
After that data from the tables on the export of goods by enterprises on the corre-
sponding sheets is exported for processing (Fig. 4).
Fig. 4. Example of the original form of the table with the data on the export of the enterprise
To the tables containing data about the export of goods, you need to add the column
"Profit" = Amount of Exported _product × Price, where "Price" = Cost_product ×
Coefficient, where the Coefficient - the value of the margin on the product (different
for each country).
To the tables that contain the company's work data following is attached:
Column "Total Costs" = Taxes on Production + Expenses on Payroll.
Column "Costs of production" = Quantity_product_product × Cost_production.
Column "Capital" = Initial_Capital - Mandatory _costs - Costs_production + Profit
+ Tenders:
Since, with Power Pivot, you can also create calculated columns, so the columns
"Production Costs" and "Compulsory Expenses" are created in it.
The next step will be to calculate the indicators for computing the competition for a
given date range. A diagram of the relationship between components is shown (Fig.
5), which highlights three components that affect the value of the "Competitiveness"
object. Each of these components represents the component of the instance level that
implements individual objects.
Efficiency and organization of sales and promotion
of goods
Relative rate of Relative
return utilization rate
Relative capacity utilization rate
Financial position
Relative measure Relative turnover
Competitiveness of organization rate
autonomy
Relative solvency Relative indicator
ratio of labor productivity
Efficiency of production activity
Relative rate of Relative cost
return on
assetsrelative
Relative rate of return on goods
Fig. 5. Diagram of component ratio - indicators for calculating competitiveness.
The "Competitiveness" column is created and is calculated according to the given
formula:
=0,15*(0,31*[@[relative cost]]+0,19*[@[relative rate of return on assets]]+0,4*[@
[relative rate of return]]+0,1*[@[relative indicator of labor productivi-
ty]])+0,29*(0,29*[@[coefficient of autonomy]]+0,2*[@[solvency ra-
tio]]+0,15*[@[turnover factor]])+0,23*(0,01*[@[profitability sale]]+0.29*[@[ utili-
zation rate]]+0,02/[@[utilization rate of own products]]+0,14*[@[solvency ratio2]])
Further, an OLAP cube is constructed to compare production volumes between en-
terprises over a certain period of time.
There is a composite table that will contain two dimensions: time (as the study pri-
orities are certain intervals) and the measurement of the products of production and
their respective enterprises. At crossroads will be displayed the sum of the number of
manufactured goods. Conditional formatting shows enterprises with the largest vol-
ume of production by product category. A timeline is also added according to the
"Date" table, to display the data at the required intervals (Fig. 6).
Fig. 6. Summary table "Work of enterprises".
For a better visual perception, a composite diagram is constructed (Fig. 7).
Fig. 7. Combined diagram "Work of enterprises"
6 Results
The final version of the experiment is the construction of OLAP - a cube for compar-
ing the competitiveness of enterprises over a certain period of time.
There is a composite table that will contain two dimensions: time (as the study pri-
ority is at certain intervals) and the measurement of the products of production and
their respective enterprises. At crossroads the value of competitiveness will be dis-
played, and the value of the totals will reflect the average competitiveness. Condition-
al formatting shows the most competitive companies in their industry and the most
competitive enterprise among all enterprises. A timeline is also added to the "Date"
table to display the data at the required intervals (Fig. 8).
Fig. 8. Summary diagram "Competitiveness".
For a better visual perception, a composite diagram is constructed (Fig. 9).
Fig. 9. Combined Diagram "Competitive Capacity".
7 Discussion
The given research has shown, that the leader-exporter in Ukraine in the field of pro-
duction of butter from the enterprises of our choice is PP "Alma-Vita", for the produc-
tion of honey - Ukrainian Honey Company; in the sugar production industry - OJSC
"Radekhiv Sugar Plant". This calculation of the level of competitiveness accumulates
all the important assessments in the enterprise, avoids the duplication of indicators,
provides an opportunity to quickly find out the state of the enterprise in the sectoral
market. The method used is convenient for use, for researches about the competitive-
ness of the enterprise, covers all the main activities of such organization. Also, this
experiment shows us that sugar is the most competitive among the selected export
goods, and OJSC "Radekhiv Sugar Refinery" is the largest exporter.
8 Conclusion
Today, the basis of increasing competitiveness is the use of a systematic approach that
allows us to use a full set of strategic capabilities, to prioritize the development of
certain departments of the enterprise in accordance with the goals set. With the help
of the developed OLAP cube, you can easily compare the competitiveness of different
enterprises from different industries, and determine the best in a particular industry,
under certain conditions.
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