=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2643/paper16
|storemode=property
|title=Model of using cloud-based environment in training databases of future IT specialists
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2643/paper16.pdf
|volume=Vol-2643
|authors=Olha V. Korotun,Tetiana A. Vakaliuk,Vladimir N. Soloviev
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/cte/KorotunVS19
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==Model of using cloud-based environment in training databases of future IT specialists==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2643/paper16.pdf
281
Model of using cloud-based environment in training
databases of future IT specialists
Olha V. Korotun1[0000-0003-2240-7891], Tetiana A. Vakaliuk1[0000-0001-6825-4697] and
Vladimir N. Soloviev2[0000-0002-4945-202X]
1 Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, 103 Chudnivska Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine
olgavl.korotun@gmail.com, tetianavakaliuk@gmail.com
2 Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54 Gagarin Ave., Kryvyi Rih, 50086, Ukraine
vnsoloviev2016@gmail.com
Abstract. The authors substantiates and develops the model of using cloud-based
environment (CBE) in the training of databases of future information technology
(IT) specialists, which consists of interrelated units: target (purpose, task of using
CBE), conceptual (pedagogical approaches, didactic principles), organizational
and semantic (characteristics of CBE, basic requirements for CBE, subjects of
training, CBE of the teacher, CBE of the student, curricula of institution of higher
education, educational-methodical complex of discipline “Databases”,
installation and configuration of database management system, development of
educational material from the database in electronic form, selection of cloud-
based systems of distance learning, introduction of cloud-based systems of
distance learning in the training of students’ databases, selection of CBE in
database training (databases, forms, methods, tools), evaluative (criteria,
indicators, levels of professional and practical competence of future IT specialists
on the use of CBE in database training), effective (increased formation of the
information and communication technologies of future IT specialists on the use
of CBE in database training).
Keywords: model, usage, cloud-based environment, database training, future
IT specialists.
1 Introduction
1.1 Formulation of the problem
The process of training future IT specialists involves the obligatory study of databases,
in which the teacher emphasizes on the features of database technologies so that
students understand the basic trends of development of modern databases, advantages,
and disadvantages in their use, specifics of work in database management systems data,
etc. The acquired knowledge, skills from databases are necessary for future IT
specialists in their professional activity.
To increase the efficiency of the educational process in training databases and
improve the professional training of future IT specialists, teachers use a cloud-based
___________________
Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
282
environment (CBE). The use of such an environment in the educational process is
currently a pressing issue in the theory and methodology of using ICT in education.
The use of CBE in the training of databases of future IT specialists enables the teacher
to organize various forms of students' education (full-time, distance, distance, mixed,
electronic), to provide the student with educational materials for the discipline, to test
theoretical knowledge and practice, student learning outcomes, analyze student
learning outcomes, organize an archive of study materials, and more.
1.2 Analysis of recent research and publications
Creating educational environments of domestic educational institutions in their works
described Olga V. Bondarenko [1], Olga P. Pinchuk [12], Halyna V. Popova [22],
Yevhenii B. Shapovalov [14], Mariia P. Shyshkina [17], Nataliia V. Soroko [18],
Oleksandr V. Spivakovskiy [19], Snizhana O. Zelinska [23] and others; the use of a
CBE was investigated by Dmytro S. Antoniuk [20], Olena G. Glazunova [5], Oleksandr
H. Kolgatin [6], Larysa M. Petrenko [11], Mariya P. Shyshkina [15], and others.
We agree with the opinion of Svitlana H. Lytvynova [8], that the purpose of creating
a CBE is to achieve certain didactic goals, to fulfill pedagogical tasks, to unite the
subjects of the educational process for effective cooperation, focused on improving the
educational results of students by tools of cloud services.
We share the opinion of Mariya P. Shyshkina [8] and Maiia V. Marienko [10], who
state that cloud services are used to provide the user with electronic educational
resources that make up a meaningful content of a CBE, as well as to provide creative
and delivery processes educational services.
The learning environment, as noted by Valerii Yu. Bykov is an artificially
constructed system whose structure and components contribute to the achievement of
the goals of the educational process [2]. Vitalii V. Lapinskyi states that it is the set of
material objects and the links between them that form a system designed to support the
learning activities of the subjects of learning [7].
Valerii Yu. Bykov also considers such a concept as a cloud-based educational and
scientific environment, in which he understands the ICT environment of a higher
education institution, in which certain didactic functions, as well as some
fundamentally important functions of scientific research, provide for the appropriate
coordinated and integrated use and cloud computing technologies [4].
Based on the analysis of the source database, the cloud-based environment in
training database at higher education institutions (HEI), we understand the HEI learning
environment, which envisages the use of cloud computing technology to ensure a level
playing field, educational interaction, and cooperation between subjects (teacher and
students) database training activities.
The development of cloud computing has led to the emergence of new cloud-based
ICT and has influenced the training tools of future IT teachers. The use of cloud-based
tools facilitates the formation of CBE in higher education institutions and opens the
way to individualization of learning, interactive interaction and active collaboration
between participants in the educational process, and allows the use of the CBE in
training databases.
283
Using training, we mean a set of objects, ideas, phenomena, and methods of action
that ensure the implementation of the educational process.
As for cloud-based tools, we mean such training tools implemented by cloud
technologies [21].
The purpose of the article is to develop a model of using CBE in training databases
of future IT specialists.
2 Methods of the study
Methods of research:
─ analysis, classification, summarization psycho-educational, specialized and
technical literature on creating a model of cloud-based environment training of
higher education institution to isolate the priority areas of research, defining the
essence of basic concepts of research;
─ method of specifying and systematization of theoretical knowledge for the
development objectives of the study;
─ modeling – to develop and represent a theoretical model: models of using CBE in
training databases of future IT specialists.
3 Results
Simulation is an indispensable part of pedagogical research, which is used to describe
and study various processes, including information, innovations, properties, as well as
patterns of development of the educational system, educational environments, etc. [13].
We agree with Valerii Yu. Bykov’s opinion [3] that a model is a representation
(analog, image) of a system that is designed and reflects the features and properties of
this system that ensure the achievement of the goals of model construction and use.
Adherence to the system approach allowed us to develop a model of using the CBE
in the training of databases of future IT specialists, which consists of the following
units: target, conceptual, technological, organizational-meaningful, evaluative, and
effective (Fig. 1). Let us consider separately each unit of the presented model.
The target unit identified a goal, namely, to increase the level of professional and
practical competence of future IT specialists to use the CBE in the training of databases.
The tasks of using a CBE in training databases of future IT specialists are to use a CBE
in training databases; improving the educational and methodological complex of the
discipline “Databases”.
The training of students in the discipline of “Databases” using a CBE is based on
several didactic principles and methodological approaches presented in the conceptual
unit.
Learning in a CBE relies on methodological approaches:
System – defines the process of formation of the CBE in training databases as a
coherent system;
284
Target unit
Purpose: To increase the level of professional and practical competence of future IT specialists
in the use of a cloud-based environment in database training.
Tasks: use of the cloud-based environment in learning databases; improving the educational
and methodological complex of the discipline “Databases”.
Conceptual unit
Pedagogical approaches: systemc, Didactic principles: mobility, interactivity, humanistic
competent, synergistic, personality- learning, democratization, adaptability, personality-
oriented learning, flexibility, compliance with learning
oriented, active
technologies, informatization.
The organizational and content unit Activity-Technology unit
Stages of Blended Learning Database: preparatory, diagnostic, practical and active,
Stages of formation of CBE
Methods of using CBE:
• installing and configuring database management
systems;
• development of training material in electronic form;
• Selection of CBLDS according to the following Blended Learning Sub-Models:
criteria: organizational-didactic, communication, Work Zone Rotation, Flipped
functional; Classroom, Individual Rotation.
• Development of an electronic training course
“Databases” in a CBLDS and filling it with
educational material; Forms: training, independent
• Selection of CBT in training databases by the work, practical training, control
following criteria: functional-didactic,
organizational;
measures.
• integration with the ETC “Databases”.
Methods: verbal, visual,
practical, stimulating learning
situation, control, and self-
Content unit control.
• Characteristics and requirements for CBE;
controlling, evaluation
• Subjects and objects of CBE;
• CBE teacher, CBE student; Tools: cloud-based distance learning
system, cloud-based database training
• syllabus of HEI; tools.
• ETC “Databases”.
Evaluation unit
The criteria for the formation of professional and practical competence of students:
motivational, organizational, activity, cognitive, educational interaction.
Levels of assessment of the future professional specialists' information and practical
competence development: low, medium, sufficient, high.
The resultant unit
Increased level of formation of professional and practical competence of future IT specialists on the
use of a cloud-based environment in training database.
Fig. 1. Model of using CBE in training databases of future IT specialists
285
Competent – involves increasing the level of professional and practical competence
of future IT specialists in the course “Databases”, which is manifested in the following
features: understanding of the principles of construction and operation of different
databases models, the procedure for creating databases using databases management
systems, principles ensuring the security and demarcation of databases access rights in
Databases Management Systems (DBMS); able to develop relational databases, create
tables, forms, reports, queries in DBMS; ability to make rational use of cloud-based
distance training systems to solve personal and professional problems;
Synergistic – orient the student to self-organization and self-development;
Personality-oriented – takes into account individual features defines each student as
his/her main subject of study to create favorable learning conditions for him/her;
Activity – determines the focus on the organization of active educational, cognitive,
independent, and communicative activities for the formation of professional and
practical competence of a future IT specialist.
Consider the didactic principles of using a CBE, aimed at meeting the personal
educational needs of future IT specialists as a subject of study and suggest the use of
cloud-based learning tools:
─ Mobility – providing the student with access to communication and collaboration
tools regardless of time and place of residence;
─ Interactivity – reflects the communicative interaction in a CBE of teachers with
students in synchronous and asynchronous modes;
─ Humanistic education – creation for the student in a CBE of the most favorable and
convenient conditions for obtaining a chosen profession, reorientation of the
educational process to his personality;
─ Democratization – tools the distribution of rights, powers, and responsibilities
among participants in the educational process in a CBE;
─ Adaptability – involves the adaptation of the educational process in a CBE to the
cognitive characteristics of each student;
─ Person-centered learning – the realization that a student in a CBE is a person with
his or her own experience and stock of knowledge and skills, the use of which leads
to the best results in learning and the educational needs of each student;
─ The principle of the flexibility of learning – a student in a CBE can absorb the
learning material at a convenient time and place, at the right pace;
─ Conformity to learning technologies – use of forms, methods, learning tools that are
implemented only in a CBE;
─ Informatization is the access of students and teachers to the tools of modern ICT.
The organizational and content units of using a CBE are the stages of the formation of
such an environment and its content component. The stages of formation include the
installation and configuration of DBMS, the development of educational material with
databases in electronic form, the selection of cloud-based systems of distance learning,
the introduction of cloud-based systems of distance learning in the training of student
databases, the selection of cloud-based databases, integration into the e-learning
complex “Databases”. Content component – characteristics and requirements for CBE,
subjects, and objects of the CBE, cloud-based teacher environment (Fig. 3) and CBE
286
of the future IT specialist (Fig. 2), educational plans education, an educational-
methodical complex of discipline “Databases”, electronic training complex (ETC)
“Databases”.
The technology unit reflects the use of the CBE in the educational process of the
discipline “Databases”, organized in a blended form, so it consists of sub-models of
blended learning. Also in this unit, the teacher selects traditional forms of organization,
methods, and learning tools that can only be implemented in a CBE to achieve didactic
goals. The evaluation unit contains criteria for assessing the level of professional
competence of future IT specialists regarding the use of the CBE in Database training.
Assessment of the level of formation of the specified competence of future IT
specialists is performed according to certain criteria, indicators, and levels.
Resulting unit – the result of the model implementation is to increase the level of
professional and practical competence of future IT specialists on the use of the CBE in
Database training.
Therefore, the CBE model in Databases training consists of the six units described
above and is a prerequisite for its effective implementation into the educational process
of future IT specialists.
The use of CBE in training databases provides support for new modern trends in the
educational process; openness and accessibility of training for all subjects;
confidentiality; efficiency, the flexibility of learning; determining the level of academic
achievement of students; communicative interaction and effective cooperation between
the subjects of study; rapid dissemination of educational material; formation of an
individual trajectory of learning, as well as, encourages students to independent and
active educational and cognitive activity, promotes self-development and increase
interest in learning using modern ICT.
Formation, implementation, and use of the CBE in the training of databases of future
IT specialists in higher education institutions should be carried out to achieve the
didactic goals and meet the educational needs of all subjects, according to the following
characteristics:
─ Individualization of learning. The teacher, taking into account the individual
characteristics of each student during the study of databases, uses the possibilities of
a CBE to increase the motivation for learning, the level of educational training (some
students in the school course of computer science did not study databases, some had
difficulties in learning this topic, and some successfully studied it and participated
in school competitions and competitions in which it was necessary to use knowledge
of databases), the speed of perception of educational material, the implementation
of group activities hone in carrying out group projects, etc.;
─ Optimizing learning in a CBE. The teacher provides an appropriate set of modern
methods and training tools for databases in a CBE for best results. Optimization of
study of the specified discipline implies an increase of efficiency of training and
success of results of students at the minimum expenditure of time and forces of
subjects of study, and the results of education of students correspond to program
results of training of discipline “Databases”;
287
Future IT Specialist
CBE in training databases
Education Monitoring and Storage educa-
evaluation tional material
explanatory testing lecture notes
note
discussion Educational
навчальна
course modules literature
література
Educational
laboratory survey testing
work
practical exercises tickets for the
colloquium
topics of
independent individual
tickets for the
projects
work exam
portfolio
list of Software
references
Term Paper
Collaboration Communication Planning
with the subjects of
study
group projects lessons schedule
групові Email розклад
review schedule of
discussion consultations
summery
chat date of
Speech at the
laboratories
conference message
case integration project
with social presentation date
web services
CBT in learning DB colloquium
Web Conference
exam
Fig. 2. Structure of the CBE of the future information technology specialist in database training
288
Teacher
Cloud oriented database learning environment
Monitoring and Collaboration
Education evaluation
e-learning course
curriculum tests group projects
групові
eLearning modules discussion
Term Paper
laboratory work of
students educational survey
creative tasks
practical work of practical exercises
students seminars
independent work of individual projects
students peer review
Conference
reporting CBE in training DB
documentation
Communication with the Storage educational Planning
subjects of study material
lessons schedule
Email lecture notes and
presentations schedule of
consultations
discussion
tables, diagrams,
chat drawings for date of
classes laboratories
message
regulations project presentation
integration with date
social web
services
Software date of the
Web Conference colloquium,
educational and exam
methodical
literature
competitions
Fig. 3. Structure of cloud-based teacher environment in training databases
289
─ creation and placement by the teacher of their course on databases in a CBE, which
includes the author’s development of lectures, practical and laboratory works,
control works, etc.;
─ rapid dissemination of educational material from databases in electronic format in
various formats through cloud repositories, prompt notification of this to students
and their access to materials regardless of location, time of stay from any computer-
oriented medium;
─ self-assessment of students’ knowledge in a CBE to check their current learning
outcomes from databases based on tests, practical exercises after studying a specific
content module;
─ convenient communication of the teacher with the future IT specialists: remote
consultations in synchronous and asynchronous modes (both from the teacher and
classmates) on the issues arising during the study of training material from
databases;
─ conducting group research in a CBE, when students perform such research in real-
time, evaluate the performance of each group member. The teacher completely
controls the process of such work, if necessary, may express comments, wishes, etc.;
─ convenient cloud-based tools for learning databases.
4 Conclusions
The use of the CBE in the training of databases of future IT specialists s is advisable to
implement based on a specially developed model consisting of the following units:
target, conceptual, organizational-content, activity-technological, evaluative, and
effective. The result of the application of the proposed model is to increase the level of
professional and practical competence of future IT specialists in the use of CBE in
databases training, which tools the confirmed ability of the future IT specialist to
implement the professional activity in the field of databases practical skills, attitudes,
personal qualities and experience that he has acquired while learning databases in a
cloud-based environment.
The performed research does not claim to be a definitive solution to the problem of
using a CBE in training databases of future IT specialists. The analysis of its results
outlined the following areas of further research: the use of cloud services for the
formation and development of professional competencies of future IT specialists.
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