=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2643/paper26
|storemode=property
|title=Analyzing of main trends of STEM education in Ukraine using stemua.science statistics
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2643/paper26.pdf
|volume=Vol-2643
|authors=Yevhenii B. Shapovalov,Viktor B. Shapovalov,Fabian Andruszkiewicz,Nataliia P. Volkova
}}
==Analyzing of main trends of STEM education in Ukraine using stemua.science statistics==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2643/paper26.pdf
448
Analyzing of main trends of STEM education in Ukraine
using stemua.science statistics
Yevhenii B. Shapovalov1[0000-0003-3732-9486], Viktor B. Shapovalov1[0000-0001-6315-649X],
Fabian Andruszkiewicz2[0000-0001-5318-3793] and Nataliia P. Volkova3[0000-0003-1258-7251]
1 National Center “Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”,
38/44 Dehtiarivska Str., Kyiv, 04119, Ukraine
sjb@man.gov.ua
2 Uniwersytet Opolski, 11a Kopernika pl., Opole, 45-040, Poland
3 Alfred Nobel University, 18 Sicheslavska Naberezhna Str., Dnipro, 49000, Ukraine
npvolkova@duan.edu.ua
Abstract. STEM-education is a modern effective approach that nowadays can be
interpreted in very different ways and it even has some modification
(STEM/STEAM/STREAM). Anyway, the “New Ukrainian school” concept
includes approaches similar to STEM-education. However, there wasn’t
analyzed the current state of STEM-education in Ukraine. We propose to
analyses it by using SEO analysis of one of the most popular STEM-oriented
cloud environment in Ukraine stemua.science. It is proposed to use the cycle for
cloud-based educational environments (publishing/SEO analysis/team’s
brainstorm/prediction/creation of further plan) to improve their efficiency. It is
found, that STEM-based and traditional publications are characterized by similar
demand of educational process stakeholders. However, the way how teachers and
students found the publication proves that traditional keywords (47.99 %) used
significantly more common than STEM keywords (2.67 %). Therefore, it is
proved that STEM-methods are less in demand than traditional ones. However,
considering the huge positive effect of the STEM method, stemua.science cloud
educational environment provides a positive effect on the educational process by
including the STEM-aspects during finding traditional approaches of education
by stakeholders of the educational process.
Keywords: cloud educational environment, STEM, trends, education, scientific
method.
1 Introduction
Nowadays, STEM is a very developed, modern and effective branch of education in all,
elementary, middle and high education. However, there no single concept to implement
it. Therefore, it was proposed to modify STEM to STEAM or even STREAM. By the
way the interpretation of those approaches may differ and be modified (for example, A
may be deciphered as ART [37] or as ALL [39]; R may be deciphered as READING
[2; 29], as WRITING [2; 29] or RELIGION [22]). And it is a challenge as for the
___________________
Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
449
implementation of the STEM in cloud educational systems [43] and as for personal
author who creates the STEM-lessons [17]. And it seems relevant to analyze the most
demand directions in STEM/STEAM/STREAM education.
Nowadays, stemua.science [31] (Ukrainian STEM-cloud environment) is
successfully functioning and few hundreds of works are already published in the e-
resource. The recourse is characterized by open-type with moderation and it means that
each teacher can present own work to the sociality by publication on web. Therefore, it
is possible to use 2 years’ experience of its functionality to provide analysis on demand
usage of the methods presented on stemua.science.
This work aims to provide an analysis of the trends of usage of the STEM-methods
and prediction of the further trends in STEM-education. In addition, it will be described
the most popular topics and analysis of it which will be useful for the authors further.
2 Literature review and problem statement
It is well-known that STEM-education is a reaction to the market changes in USA at
the beginning of the XXI century which is characterized by needs improvement of math
knowledge and skills and providing critical thinking and making decisions of modern
workers. Therefore, it was necessary to make changes in educational system by taking
into account those challenges [7; 45].
Ukraine provides the reforms of education during a durable period. And the reforms
of educational system differed from each other. Today, the reforms provided with
impression of USA educational system witch partially implemented in the European
countries due to its efficiency in USA. The planed reforms (“New Ukrainian school”
[3; 6; 10]) are similar to those were provided in Poland where implemented the
integration to study all natural subjects [13] and commonly there used transdisciplinary
approaches in different forms such as providing of transdisciplinary days where
students investigate some objects using whole day and research it from different points
of understanding (physics, chemistry, history, art and etc.). In addition, it includes
elements of international educational programs such as Science education (European
Commission) [11] and Education 2030 [21]. However, Ukraine, unlike Poland,
characterized by buffer state of the educational system. It means that reforms, declared
by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, will be provided slower and it is
necessary to provide analysis of its state. Despite the fact that STEM-education does
not officially declare necessary to implement, the new educational programs include its
elements such as research projects and there planned to implement transdisciplinary
subject “Sciences”, which, in addition to transdisciplinary, foresees using of the
methods based on research. This is very similar to STEM-approach in education.
Anyway, STEM-education nowadays in Ukraine is very popular and developed
educational branch [5; 6; 36].
The creation of educational resources for teaching STEM no longer relies solely on
the activity of traditional publishers [41]. It means that different publishers can provide
the investigation of the STEM-based content and important role in it is belongs to
cloud-based education environments and the effect of them usage may be even better
450
compare to traditional approaches in education [8; 9; 14; 46] or can create some new
possibilities to provide the experiment or visualization [49]. In addition, cloud-based
environments characterized by possibility to overcome the limitations of traditional
classrooms [30], can provide active way of cognition [4] and may provide personal-
oriented education [26]. One of their advantages is possibility to find trends in the
educators need by using SEO analysis results.
Nowadays, few cloud STEM-based environments function on the web. For example,
http://www.sciencebuddies.org/ web-environment [12; 20] provides methodical
support for STEM-education and there presented methods related to scientific and
engineering methods. However, open-source statistical information about current state
and trends related to this environment isn’t presented. Other systems, also do not
provide analysis of the current state of cloud trends in STEM-education.
Considering the above, we assume that STEM methods are used less common than
traditional approaches of education in Ukraine. However, in order to prove it, providing
the analysis is necessary.
3 Methods
Methods of deduction, induction, analysis, and synthesis were used. To archive results,
SEO analytical systems were used. To active semantical analysis of the stemua.science,
online.seranking web-service was used. Online.seranking web-service was chosen due
to its high level of visualization and providing more detailed analyzing compare to well-
known Google Analytics or Yandex Metrics. To obtain statistical information,
Cloudflare web-service was used.
Analysis of trends of STEM-education in Ukraine was provided by analyzing the
main keywords and topics on stemua.science people used. Further prognosis and the
general state of STEM-education was provided using this data.
4 Method of the using SEO analysis data to find trends in the
field
Development of the SEO provided the development of analytical data introduced by
different SEO-services [1; 18; 48]. It is well known that SEO analytic is used in
commercial [15; 42] but we propose to use it social cloud educational projects by
analyzing their data and provide improvement based on the SEO analytic. Previously,
it was proposed to use Google Trends (SEO analytics) to find correlation of its results
with demand and it’s forecasting in tourism [27; 28], housing prices and sales [47] and
private consumption [44]. So, results of SEO analysis can be used to find trends and
provide forecasting in different fields.
We propose to use SEO-based analysis in educational field to provide forecasting of
the demand it optimization of the cloud-based environments by using of the circle of
content creation in cloud educational environments (include stemua.science). The circle
can be interpreter as the cycle of creation and publishing of the materials, presenting of
451
the results, providing of the SEO analysis of the current state of the social cloud
educational projects, analysis of the main keywords used to find the publication (in our
case, its scientific works and methods), providing of the authors brainstorm, prediction,
creation of the further plan of social cloud education system development and then
circle recycling starts from publishing (fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Proposed method to improve the content quality of educational cloud web-environment
and finding the trends
Finding the trends comes possible by modern SEO approaches such as semantic
analysis [16]. The service online.seranking provides a detailed analysis include finding
the most common keywords and topics people finding on. In addition, it gives the
possibility find relationships between keywords people used to find and topic where its
presence.
We propose to use the results of the analysis to find the main trends in STEM cloud
informational field by using its correlation with the demand on the methods presented
in the stemua.science environment due fact that there presented both, digital methods
on casual education classes and modified methods related to STEM-approach in
education. Examples of the STEM-based methods and traditional methods presented in
table 1.
Table 1. Examples of STEM-based methods and traditional methods
STEM-based Traditional
Method Research work Method Research work
Determination of Water transport in the The anatomical
Determination of water
protein isoelectric plant. Production of structure of the
hardness
point the artificial leaf leaf
Determination of Explore the wildlife of Methods of analysis of legal The structure of
carbon dioxide in the the area using Google acts on the site the Euglene
gas mixtures Lens zakon.rada.gov.ua green
Therefore, it is possible to provide both analysis of the most useful publications in
the cloud environment and most common keywords people using to find the necessary
452
publication. The last indicators actually will characterize the demand of the teachers
and students on educational products.
5 The general state of stemua.science and it’s semantic
The general idea of the stemua.science [31] is to integrate all necessary instruments of
STEM-education in one cloud environment. Therefore, it represents virtual modeling
environments [33; 34], including modern nowadays augmented reality instruments [19;
23; 24; 25; 38; 40], research works and methods by which it is possible to make them.
In addition, ontological scientific instruments [32; 35] which will be useful for both
student and teacher in their STEM-activities are located in the cloud environment.
Therefore, stemua.science contains areas for all of those directions. Methods and
research works, virtual modeling environments and ontological instruments of
stemua.science cloud environment is presented in figure 2.
a) b) c)
Fig. 2. Methods and scientific works (a), virtual modeling environments (b) and ontological
instruments (c) of stemua.science cloud environment
The cloud environment stemua.science is yang but perspective web-site. As shown in
figure 3, the stemua.science is in the same semantic field that educational environments
of Ukraine. However, all websites do not relevant to STEM-education and, all except
studupedia.com.ua, do not characterized by containing information can be used for
lessons preparation but contains information such as videos or news. Stemua.science
now characterized by 782 organic keywords and 486 people per month of organic
traffic (up to 20 000 unique users per mount).
Nowadays, even Ukrainian STEM-resources are demanded worldwide. Articles,
written in Ukrainian, are used by users from differed countries. Sure, as it was devoted
for, Ukrainian users are the most common visitors of the web-site and their traffic is up
to 20 000 views of the website per day. Due to high level of STEM-education
development in the USA, visitors of United States of America are characterized by high
activities on the differed STEM-cloud services, include, stemua.science. The amount
of their visits is up to 2 000 per day. A lesser amount of traffic comes from visitors
453
from Germany, Netherlands, and the Russian Federation. Traffic distribution by
countries is presented in figure 4 and table 1.
Fig. 3. Semantical characteristics of the stemua.science
Fig. 4. Traffic distribution by countries
Table 2. Traffic distribution by countries
Country Traffic, view per day
Ukraine Up to 20 000
United States of America Up to 2 000
Germany Up to 300
Netherlands Up to 250
Russian Federation Up to 200
The organic traffic, amount of the keywords and potential costs of the traffics per
mount are characterized by grooving which proves the further potential of the
stemua.science environment. The dynamics of traffic, amount of the keywords and
potential costs of the traffics of the stemua.science is presented in figure 5.
So, stemua.science is a useful international cloud resource. Its auditory is mostly
represented Ukrainian teachers and students’ trends and usage of its data can be used
for the analysis of trends in Ukrainian education.
454
а)
b)
c)
Fig. 5. The dynamics of traffic (a), amount of the key words (b) and potential costs (c) of the
traffics of the stemua.science
455
6 Finding trends of education in Ukraine, demand analyzing
and adapting to trends
The results of the top pages of stemua.science in organic search represent the current
state with demand on the developed methods. It proves that methods of both, traditional
and STEM-approaches are used by stakeholders of educational process of Ukraine. The
statistical information on the top pages of stemua.science in organic search in the table.
According to the table, 30.67 % of the organic traffic in the most popular
publications comes from STEM-approach methods and research works which is not
significantly higher than traffic obtained from traditional ones (with 28% of the organic
traffic). Therefore, general relation between STEM-based methods and traditional ones
will be close to 52 and 48 %, respectively. The relation between STEM-based methods
and traditional ones in organic search is presented in figure 6 and detailed analysis of
the statistical information on the top pages of stemua.science in organic search is
presented in Table 3.
Traditional
STEM-based
works
works
48%
52%
Traditional works STEM-based works
Fig. 6. The relation between STEM-based methods and traditional ones in organic search
However, a little bit more effective to find the demand of the students and teachers of
educational process of Ukraine will be the keyword analysis that will represent the
necessaries of the stemua.science portal. The teachers and students who are looking for
the STEM-approaches will be commonly used terms which are a little bit different as
declared in educational programs and they will be such as “the research of something”
or transdisciplinary process researches. The group of users who are looking for
information related to traditional educational process, unlike previous, will use the
terms declared by educational programs of Ukraine. Therefore, it is possible to analyze
the needs of users and classify them as searchers looking to find information for usage
during traditional educational process and those ones which are related to finding
information to create STEM-based classes. The analysis of most keywords presented
in organic traffic is shown in table 4.
456
Table 3. The statistical information on the top pages of stemua.science in organic search
Traffic Estimated Keywords
Name of the work Type of the publication
share, % traffic number
Chlorophyll fluorescence
21.33 16 3 STEM
monitoring
A study of the motion of a
body thrown at an angle to the 10.67 8 1 Traditional
horizon
Investigation of the refraction Traditional/experiment
8 6 3
of light simulation
Plasmolysis and
5.33 4 5 Traditional
deplasmolysis phenomena
The study of the phenomenon
4 3 5 STEM
of cooling the mixture
Methods of analysis of legal
acts on the site 4 3 24 Traditional
zakon.rada.gov.ua
Diffusion chamber modeling 2.67 2 1 STEM
Exploration of charged STEM/experiment
2.67 2 2
particle tracks by photos simulation
Table 4. The analysis of the most common keywords presented in organic traffic
Traffic
Relation with
Keyword Position share, Traffic Keyword mark
publication
%
Chlorophyll
Used in traditional
Chlorophyll fluorescence 25 21.33 16
education process
monitoring
Body movement A study of the motion
Used in the traditional
threw at an angle to of a body thrown at an 4 10.67 8
education process
the horizon angle to the horizon
Investigation of the Used in the traditional
Refraction of light 24 6.67 5
refraction of light education process
Plasmolysis and
Plasmolysis and Used in the traditional
deplasmolysis 1 4 3
deplasmolysis education process
phenomena
Is recommended
Diffusion chamber demonstration in the
Wilson camera 10 2.67 2
modeling traditional education
process
Investigation of body
Body movement Used in the traditional
movement thrown 2 1.33 1
threw upright education process
upright
Measurement of the
Thread tension Used in the traditional
moment of inertia of 20 1.33 1
force education process
the body (option 2)
Used in the traditional
Aberration of lenses Lens aberration studies 3 1.33 1
education process
Spring hardness Investigation of elastic Used in the traditional
26 1.33 1
formula properties of bodies education process
457
The analysis proves that organic traffic comes from the words mostly do not related
to STEM education. Only term “Wilson camera” can be classified as keyword used
untraditional classes (STEM-education). The terms like “chlorophyll”, “body
movement thrown at an angle to the horizon”, “Refraction of light”, “Plasmolysis and
deplasmolysis”, “Thread tension force”, “aberration of lenses” and, specially, “spring
hardness formula” (due its used only for finding the answer on the concrete question)
are can’t be classified as requests request made by users trying to finding the STEM-
based material. So, 47.99 % of organic traffic (most common keywords) comes from
the not-STEM keywords which are significantly higher than the ones from STEM-
keywords (2.67 %; Wilson camera).
7 Discussion
So, the most important information, based on the results of the analysis of the most
common keywords presented in organic traffic (table), is that stakeholders nowadays
are looking for two main categories of the information: how to prepare traditional
classes (teachers) and just-find-the-answers requests (students). This means that
STEM-approach today not characterized by a high demand by the general stakeholders
of the educational process of Ukraine. However, it is proved that there is a positive
effect of the STEM-approach implementation and it is a good idea to increase the
amount of its implementation. So, based on the statistical information on the top pages
of stemua.science in organic search (table 3, fig. 5), which show similarity of the
popularity of both STEM-based and not-STEM based publication. So, people who try
to find the information on the traditional questions will be involved in the studying of
the STEM-methods on the question which interested the users. Therefore, cloud
environment stemua.science will gradually involve the teachers in providing the
STEM-education by developing their methodological base of STEM-education even on
the traditional requests.
However, nowadays, it is more necessary to create traditionally-based content. It
does not mean that creation of the STEM-content isn’t important but it only means that
nowadays the demand on the traditional education declared by educational programs is
higher than on the STEM-based methods. The trends are changeable by time and it
means that it is even more important to provide the dynamical analysis of the trends.
8 Conclusions
1. Firstly, it is proposed to used SEO analysis results to find the demand for the
educational stakeholders.
2. The cloud environment stemua.science is representable to find the demand for
Ukrainian educational stakeholders due its users mostly belong to Ukraine.
3. It is shown that educational stakeholders are mostly using not-STEM keywords to
search for information.
4. The stemua.science environment involves educational stakeholders of Ukraine (and
world) to provide the STEM-education.
458
5. The dynamic analysis of demand will be provided in the further researches to
establish the changes of the educational stakeholders of Ukraine demand in further
research work.
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