=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2761/HAICTA_2020_paper88
|storemode=property
|title=Effects of Diet Soybean Meal Substitution by Flaxseed and Lupins on Milk Production, Milk Composition in Holstein Cows - Abstract
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2761/HAICTA_2020_paper88.pdf
|volume=Vol-2761
|authors=Thomas-Markos Chouzouris,Ioannis Nanas,Konstantina Stamperna,Eleni Dovolou,Ilias Giannenas,Konstantinos Kalaitsidis,Katerina Grigoriadou,Georgios Amiridis
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/haicta/ChouzourisNSDGK20
}}
==Effects of Diet Soybean Meal Substitution by Flaxseed and Lupins on Milk Production, Milk Composition in Holstein Cows - Abstract==
<pdf width="1500px">https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2761/HAICTA_2020_paper88.pdf</pdf>
<pre>
   Effects of Diet Soybean Meal Substitution by Flaxseed
  and Lupins on Milk Production, Milk Composition in
                 Holstein Cows - Abstract

    Thomas-Markos Chouzouris1, Ioannis Nanas1, Konstantina Stamperna1, Eleni
   Dovolou1, Ilias Giannenas2, Konstantinos Kalaitsidis2, Katerina Grigoriadou3,4,
                               Georgios S. Amiridis1
    1
    Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly,
                                       Karditsa, Greece
     2
      Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,
 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; e-mail: igiannenas@vet.auth.gr
   3
    Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization –
                 DEMETER, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
                 4
                  ELVIZ Hellenic Feedstuff Industry S.A., Plati-Imathia, Greece



Summary

   The effect of partial substitution of soybean meal by equal quantities of flaxseed
and lupins in diets of Holstein cows on metabolism and performance was investigated.
A total of 60 animals (30 multiparous and 30 primiparous) were equally allocated into
equal groups in a randomized block design. The experiment was conducted in a
commercial dairy farm in Polydamio, Farsala, Thessaly. Τhe study period for each
animal was 60 days (25 days prepartum and 35 days postpartum). The experimental
diet in control group (group M) contained corn, barley, soybean meal, rapeseed cake,
corn silage and Lucerne hay, whereas, in the treated group (group T) 75% of soybean
meal was substituted by 37.5% whole flaxseed and 37.5% lupins. The experimental
diets were fed twice daily with a daily allowance of 24 kg. dry matter intake per animal
for both groups. The two groups were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. Water
was available ad libidum. Milking was carried out 3 times daily and milk yield was
recorded was recorded automatically. Milk samples were analyzed for chemical
composition, SCC content, CFU, and fatty acid profile. Blood samples were collected
on days -30 (±5), -15 (±5), 0 (calving), 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 56 from the tail vein.
Serum was separated by centrifugation and stored at -20oC until analysed for NEFA,
BHBA, and glucose concentrations. On the days of blood sampling clinical
examination of the animals including -when appropriate- evaluation of the uterine
involution and ovarian resumption, and determination of body condition score (BSC)
were carried out by an experienced vet. Throughout the study period no differences
were detected in BCS, glucose and BHBA concentration between the two groups. At
calving NEFA concentration did not differ between groups; on days 14 and 42 NEFA
levels were higher in group M compared to group T (day 14: 0.74±0.2 mmol/l vs
0.48±0.1 mmol/l, p<0.01; day 42: 0.37±0.2 mmol/l vs 0.2±0.1 mmol/l, p<0.05, for
groups M vs T, respectively). On day 7, the total milk yield tended to be higher in




                                           580
control group (29.3±9.1 kg vs 25.4±8.8, p=0.08), which was attributed to the lower
milk production of treated primiparous cows (22.7±5.4 vs 26.8±5.6, p<0.05). On day
64 no difference was found in milk yield between multiparous or primiparous of the
two groups (43.4±12.4 vs 42.7±8.7 and 32.0±11.4 and 34.8±9.0, for multiparous and
primiparous animals from groups C and T, respectively). The mean increase rate,
calculated as the difference of day 64 minus day 7 produced milk, was significantly
(p<0.05) higher in primiparous treated cows compared to the respective controls. No
difference was recorded in milk fat, milk protein, SCC, and CFU at any time point
between the two groups. Group T animals had reduced (p< 0.05) palmitic acid,
increased (p<0.05) oleic acid and increased (p<0.05) linolenic acid (C18:3 ω3)
compared to group M. Furtherly, milk produced from group T cows expressed
decreased milk saturated fatty acids, atherogenicity and thromogenicity indexes and
increased the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids compared to controls. In
conclusion, partial soy meal replacement by flaxseed and lupins favors milk
production in primiparous cows with a neutral effect on overall production, and
improves the fatty acid profile. The reduced NEFA signify lower fat mobilization,
which might be indicative for higher feed utilization. However, the underlying
mechanisms leading to this warrant further investigation.

      Keywords: dairy cows; soybean meal; flaxseed; lupins; performance; milk fatty
      acids.

      JEL Codes: N50; Q10; Q13.


Acknowledgments. This research has been co-financed by Greece and the European
Union (European Regional Development Fund) in context “Research – Create –
Innovate” within the Operational Program (Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and
Innovation (ΕΠΑΝΕΚ) of the NSRF 2014-2020. Project Code: Τ1ΕΔΚ-04727.
Acronym “GreenFeeds”.




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