The article considers the issue of different approaches to assessing the transfer of geometric models of assembly units between different professional software environments of different vendors. A model for calculating the metric of the volume of data loss and the calculation of the relative volume of manual recovery of geometric models after their translation are considered. For evaluation, a hierarchical structure of the parameters of geometric models is used, as well as a graph of parameters, based on which structural weighting coefficients are calculated. Algorithms of the considered approaches are described, their differences are considered. The assembly unit of a machine-building unit was constructed in the Autodesk Inventor Professional software product. Based on the parameters of the obtained geometric model, the corresponding parameter graphs were constructed and calculations were made for each proposed approach to data translation. The model was exported and the resulting files were analyzed. Weights were calculated that reflect expert preferences and structural features and are determined in accordance with the theory of rational choice. The assembly model was translated into the KOMPAS-3D geometric modeling environment. Based on the data obtained in different formats, an analysis was made and parameter distortion coefficients were obtained and the relative amount of parameter data losses was estimated when transferring the geometric model from the professional software environment Autodesk Inventor Professional to the KOMPAS-3D environment. Conclusions are made and recommendations are given on the possibility of applying the component approach to the translation of geometric models in professional software environments.
To date, domestic industrial enterprises are in a situation of some uncertainty associated with the political and economic situation in the country. On the one hand, there are increasing requirements for the digitalization of production processes, their improvement and transition to the Fourth Industrial Revolution e, on the other hand, the requirements for software that accompanies ubiquitous production
processes, and, in particular, the import substitution program. At different levels, these problems are viewed differently. But in any case, regardless of the decisions made, a huge financial injections are required. The transition from
one software product to another,
regardless of the reasons, for each enterprise can be very
painful. This includes software costs, staff training,
updating the computer equipment fleet, and, of course, the
possible loss of previously accumulated material. The
ability to use previous developments to modernize or
create new products increases the speed of work and
reduces the time for issuing finished documentation [
Professional software environments (PPP) for creating and working with geometric models (GM) have been and remain the subject competition from different manufacturers who offer their technologies in the global market for the development of products, objects of architecture and construction, infrastructure, etc.
Undoubtedly, this competition leads to a continuous increase in the accuracy of design objects, the convenience working with them
and other factors [
Unfortunately, once choosing a system of geometric
modeling, it is quite difficult for production enterprises to
switch to other products, and an incorrect assessment of
future costs can lead to serious consequences [
Assemble model
on the structure of their parameters [
When calculating the
transmission coefficient, only functionally oriented and
size-oriented
parameter
metrics [
general assembly are taken into account.
=1 , 1→ 2 =
, , 1→ 2 where , 1→ 2
– metric of the amount of data loss during transmission and recovery of GM in professional software environments from
S1 to
S2 in
Z format;
Li – dimensionally-oriented estimation of the transfer and restoration of a GM parameter; ki,Z,S1→S2 – relative amount of loss of parameter data during transmission of GM in professional software environments from S1 to S2 in Z format.
The set of GM parameters with this approach is wider than the set of parameters
when transmitting single models, because
When
evaluating the transfer and recovery, the parameters of the assembly unit are taken into account. A
functionally-oriented assessment for calculating the information metric for the transfer and restoration of GM in faculty depends not only on the set of parameters, but also on the weighting coefficients of these parameters in the graph of the hierarchical structure of the parameters (Fig. 1).
In one of the methods for evaluating data transfer based Fig. 1. Hierarchical structure of GM parameters Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY
The assembly parameters are at the upper levels (tiers)
of this graph (element 4 in Fig. 1), as a result of which their
structural weighting coefficients of the parameters of the
complexity of recovering the GM parameters will have
significant weight [
, , 1→ 2 = эс , , 1→ 2 ,
where , , 1→ 2 – relative loss of parameter data during
transmission of GM in professional software environments
from S1 to S2 in Z format; , , 1→ 2 – relative volume of
manual parameter recovery [
Consider a methodology for evaluating data transfer based on the structure of their parameters, which provides for the transfer of an assembly unit of a product in the form of a set of its components and parts. With this approach, there will be no branch with assembly parameters in the graph of the hierarchical structure of parameters, and local weights will be distributed in a completely different way, increasing the weight of the remaining parameters. Soweget:
сб.ем > сб.кп, ,сб.ем < ,сб.кп,
сб.ем > сб.кп,
Based on the data obtained, we assume that with this approach, the relative amount of parameter data loss during GM transmission should be less, and the GM transmission coefficient should increase.
To test this hypothesis, we will carry out experimental calculations on the example of an assembly unit of a machine-building product.
The sequence of operations during the transfer of a assembly model. 1. Creation of GM parts included in the assembly, determination of all parameters in a software environment S1. 2. Formation of an assembly unit with the definition of all parameters. 3. Determining the hierarchical structure of parameters, creating a graph, calculating weight coefficients. 4. Formation of a single transmitting assembly file (file export). 5. Import a GM assembly into a software environment
S2. 6. Assessment of accuracy of transmission of GM parameters. 7. Restore missing or distorted parameters using S2 tools.
The sequence of operations during the transfer of the model based on the component approach: 1. Creation of GM parts included in the assembly, determination of all parameters in a software 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
environment S1.
Determining the hierarchical structure of parameters, creating a graph, calculating weight coefficients. Formation of a single transmitting assembly file (file export).
Import a GM assembly into a software environment S2.
Assessment of accuracy of transmission of GM parameters.
Restore missing or distorted parameters using S2 tools.
The formation of the assembly unit and all the necessary parameters through the tools of the software environment S2.
For the experiment, Autodesk Inventor Professional, the environment of geometric parametric modeling, was chosen as the first S1 system, as one of the most popular Russian systems among domestic enterprises KOMPAS3D v18 as the S2 system. The geometric model is built on the basis of the assembly drawing presented in Fig. 2.
Fig 2. Drawing of section
In the Autodesk Inventor Professional environment, individual assembly parts were modeled (Fig. 3) and the assembly itself was created from the designed parts (Fig. 4, 5).
Fig. 3. An element of an assembly unit with parameters. 1. Geometry 1.2.1.7 Connections 1.2.2 Parameterization 1.2.2.1 Geometric parameterization 1.2.2.2 Hierarchical parameterization 1.2.3 Sketches 1.2.4. Drawings 1.2.5 Reflections 1.2.6 Thread 2. Attribute information 2.1 Material 2.2 Mass 2.3 Density 2.4 Area
3.1 The possibility of using Cyrillic in the name
To obtain data on the relative volume of manual parameter recovery, it is necessary to transfer the model to environment S2. To do this, we export GM to various formats for data transfer. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to analyze the sizes of the received files (Fig. 6). where эс – weight coefficient reflecting expert opinions on the difficulty of reconstructing the ith GM parameter and structural features of the graph of parameters of geometric models; э – weight coefficient reflecting only 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 с
We will determine the relative volume of manual
recovery of each parameter, or the distortion coefficient of
the ith parameter of the geometric model created in the
professional software environment S1, translated into
software environment S2 — , 1→ 2 =[
The calculation results are shown in table 1. 2. Attributeinformation export all assembly parts in various formats and assemble the assembly unit in KOMPAS-3D v18 (Fig. 7-8).
Element 4 (assembly parameters) and its branches in the parameter graph (Fig. 1) will be absent. Accordingly, all weighting coefficients will be recalculated - the weighting coefficient of each parameter, reflecting the opinions of experts on the difficulty of reconstructing the ith GM parameter and the structural features of the graph of parameters of geometric models, will be greater than in the previous calculation procedure.
Thus, in the course of the work, the relative amount of loss of parameter data was obtained during the transfer of GM from the professional software environment S1 to environment S2 in the Z format. A comparative table with the results is presented below (table 3).
When transferring a GM assembly unit from one software environment to another, both methods of model transfer can be used. Eachoft he methods has its advantages and disadvantages. 1. Transmission method as a assembly model • With this transmission method, the geometric model can be used as typical parts that do not require editing; The manual recovery time for the model is approximately 1/3 of the total manual recovery time. • If all the components of the assembly unit are created and assembled in one file (in this case, the associativity parameter is completely absent), the preservation of individual elements, their transfer and assembly in the receiver program can take significantly longer than the complete manual restoration of the assembly unit of the geometric model. 2. Component unit geometric model data transfer based on component approach. • This method showed that the relative amount of manual recovery during the transfer of similar data will be less, respectively, the time to restore the model will be reduced. • This method is especially relevant in the case when all components of the assembly unit are created in different files and subsequently assembled in a separate assembly file. • The transfer of the GM in this way, despite the time required to create the assembly unit in the receiver system after the transfer of the individual components, will allow using this model not only as typical parts that do not require editing, but will also make it possible to make changes and adjustments to the assembly, i.e. . use it to build new modified products based on old models.
This work was completed and published with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 19-07-00926.