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    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Report on the 8th International Workshop on Quantitative Approaches to Software Quality (QuASoQ 2020)</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Horst Lichter</string-name>
          <email>lichter@swc.rwth-aachen.de</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Selin Aydin</string-name>
          <email>aydin@swc.rwth-aachen.de</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Thanwadee Sunetnanta</string-name>
          <email>thanwadee.sun@mahidol.ac.th</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Toni Anwar</string-name>
          <email>toni.anwar@utp.edu.my</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Perak</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Computer Science Academic Group, Faculty of Information And Communication Technology, Mahidol University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Bangkok</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="TH">Thailand</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Chair Computer &amp; Information Systems</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Universiti Teknologi Petronas: Bandar Seri Iskandar</addr-line>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution>Research Group Software Construction, RWTH Aachen University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Aachen</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="DE">Germany</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution>Workshop Proce dings</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>• Application of metrics and quantitative ap- quantitative approaches. For example, only limited re• Tools, infrastructure and environments support- experience, present new promising approaches and to • Empirical studies, evaluation and comparison of QuASoQ 2020: 8th International Workshop on Quantitative</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Quantitative</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>1. Introduction</title>
      <p>After a successful 7 th QuASoQ workshop we slightly
adjusted the list of topics for the workshop. The topics
of interest included
• New approaches to measurement, evaluation,
comparison and improvement of software quality
proaches in agile projects
• Case studies and industrial experience reports
on successful or failed application of quantitative
approach-es to software quality
ing quantitative approaches
measurement techniques and models
• Quantitative approaches to test process
improvement, test strategies or testability
• Empirical evaluations or comparisons of testing
techniques in industrial settings</p>
      <p>Overall, the workshop aimed at gathering together
researchers and practitioners to discuss experiences in
the application of state of the art approaches to measure,
assess and evaluate the quality of both software systems
as well as software development processes in general and
software test processes in particular.</p>
      <p>As software development organizations are always
forced to develop software in the ”right” quality, the
https://www.ict.mahidol.ac.th (T. Sunetnanta);
https://www.utp.edu.my (T. Anwar)</p>
      <p>0000-0002-3440-1238 (H. Lichter); 0000-0002-0390-8749
(T. Anwar)
CEUR</p>
      <p>CEUR</p>
      <p>Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)
quality specification and quality assurance are crucial.
Although there are lots of approaches to deal with
quantitative quality aspects, it is still challenging to choose
a suitable set of techniques that best fit to the specific
project and organizational constraints.</p>
      <p>Even though approaches, methods, and techniques are
known for quite some time now, little efort has been
spent on the exchange on the real-world problems with
search has been devoted to empirically evaluate risks,
eficiency or limitations of diferent testing techniques
in industrial settings.</p>
      <p>Hence, one main goal of the workshop was to exchange
discuss how to set up, organize, and maintain quantitative
2.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>Workshop History</title>
      <p>The QuASoQ workshop series has been started in 2013.
Since then, the workshop is always organized as a
collocated event of the Asia-Pacific Software Engineering</p>
      <sec id="sec-2-1">
        <title>Conference (APSEC).</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-2">
        <title>These are the past workshop editions:</title>
        <p>• 7th QuASoQ 2019
• 6th QuASoQ 2018
• 5th QuASoQ 2017
• 4th QuASoQ 2016
• 3rd QuASoQ 2015</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-3">
        <title>Putrayaya, Malaysia | CEUR Vol-2511</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-4">
        <title>Nara, Japan | CEUR Vol-2273</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-5">
        <title>Nanjing, China | CEUR Vol-2017</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-6">
        <title>Hamilton, New Zealand | CEUR Vol-1771</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-7">
        <title>New Delhi, India |CEUR Vol-1519</title>
        <p>• 2nd QuASoQ 2014</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-8">
        <title>Jeju, Korea | IEEE Xplore</title>
        <p>• 1st QuASoQ 2013</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-9">
        <title>Bangkok, Thailand | IEEE Xplore Since the first edition 58 papers have been presented; the average acceptance rate is 76 %. The following chart depicts where the authors of accepted papers come from.</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>3. Workshop Format</title>
      <p>Because of the covid-19 pandemic, the workshop was
executed digitally using the video conferencing tool Zoom.</p>
      <p>Based on our former experience we wanted the
workshop to be highly interactive. In order to have an
interesting and interactive event sharing lots of experience,
we organized the workshop presentations applying the
author-discussant model.</p>
      <p>Based on this workshop model, papers are presented
by one of the authors. After the presentation, a discussant
starts the discussion based on his or her pre-formulated
questions. Therefore, the discussant had to prepare a set
of questions and had to know the details of the presented
paper. The general structure of each talk was as follows:
• The author of a paper presented the paper (15
minutes).
• After that, the discussant of the paper opened
the discussion using his or her questions. Finally,
we moderated the discussion among the whole
audience (5 minutes).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>4. Workshop Contributions</title>
      <p>Altogether 12 papers were submitted. Finally, the
following 10 papers were accepted by the program committee
for presentation and publication covering very diferent
topics.</p>
      <p>• Sousuke Amasaki</p>
      <p>Augmenting Window Contents with Transfer</p>
      <p>Learning for Efort Estimation
• Syed Fatiul Huq, Md. Aquib Azmain, Nadia
Nahar and Md. Nurul Ahad Tawhid
On the Evolutionary Properties of Fix Inducing</p>
      <p>Changes
• Alejandra Duque-Torres, Dietmar Pfahl,
Anastasiia Shalygina and Rudolf Ramler Using Rule</p>
      <p>Mining for Automatic Test Oracle Generation
• Konrad Fögen and Horst Lichter</p>
      <p>An Industrial Case Study on Fault Detection
Efectiveness of Combinatorial Robustness Testing
• Azeem Ahmad, Ola Liefler and Kristian Sandhal</p>
      <p>An Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for</p>
      <p>Predicting Flaky Tests
• Barry-Detlef Lehmann, Peter Alexander, Horst</p>
      <p>Lichter and Simon Hacks
Towards the Identification of Process Anti-Patterns
in Enterprise Architecture Models
• Benyamin Shafabakhsh, Robert Lagerström and</p>
      <p>Simon Hacks
Evaluating the Impact of Inter Process
Communication in Microservice Architectures
• Toukir Ahammed, Moumita Asad and Kazi Sakib</p>
      <p>Understanding the Involvement of Developers in
Missing Link Community Smell: An exploratory</p>
      <p>Study on Apache Projects
• Hina Anwar, Ifat Fatima, Dietmar Pfahl and
Usman Qamar
Detection and Correction of Android-specific Code
Smells and Energy Bugs: An Android Lint
Extension
• Kristiina Rahkema and Dietmar Pfahl</p>
      <p>Comparison of Code Smells in iOS and Android
Applications</p>
      <p>The presentations were divided into four sessions with 5. Summary of the Discussions
a ten minute break inbetween. Each session was
accompanied by a moderator who tried to ensure that the sched- About 20 researchers attended the workshop and
particiule was kept to. A particular challenge were the diferent pated in the discussions. The author-discussant model
time zones of the participants. We decided to hold the was well received by the participants and led to
intenworkshop in the afternoon of the timezone in Singapore, sive discussions among them. Hereby, other participants,
so that presenters don’t have to attend at nighttime. The apart from the discussant, also joined the resulting
disorder of presenters were also determined by their respec- cussions.
tive timezone. Some papers conducted machine learning experiments,
which lead to discussions about possible biases of the
applied machine learning model. An example for this was</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>6. Acknowledgments</title>
      <p>Many people contributed to the success of this workshop.
First, we want to give thanks to the authors and
presenters of the accepted papers. Furthermore, we want to
express our gratitude to the APSEC 2020 organizers; they
did a perfect job and gave us the freedom to conduct the
workshop virtually based on our experience.</p>
      <p>Finally, we are glad that these people served on the</p>
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