=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2834/Paper12.pdf
|storemode=property
|title=Implementation of Training Using Electronic Learning Materials Based on Web 2.0 Online Services
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2834/Paper12.pdf
|volume=Vol-2834
|authors=Elena K. Gerasimova
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==Implementation of Training Using Electronic Learning Materials Based on Web 2.0 Online Services==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2834/Paper12.pdf
137
Implementation of Training Using Electronic Learning
Materials Based on Web 2.0 Online Services*
Elena K. Gerasimova [0000-0003-3758-8533]
North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, 355017, Russia
elkongerasimova@gmail.com
Abstract. The development of global economics and a present job market impose
new requirements on the pedagogical staff. In general, these requirements con-
cern the professional sphere which is connected with the development of compe-
tencies in information and communication technologies meeting the demand of
our time. That means the innovative activity of the educator is to be connected
not only with the use of stationary computer applications in educational practice,
but also integrate the full scope of the global Network. The space of the Internet
has a broad spectrum of educational portals, websites, blogs, the methodical com-
munities, which provide access to different electronic educational resources. The
organization of network interaction of participants of the educational process is
the cornerstone of electronic training with applying of remote technologies. The
great popularity is gained by using social network services in the educational
process which can serve as web designers for the creation of training materials
by the educator and student result representation of participation in projects, in-
dividual works, and other types of activity. This article is devoted to the applying
of network technologies, in particular, online services based on Web 2.0, in mas-
ter degree student training who get the pedagogical education in biology. The
model of online services application is developed for the creation of electronic
training materials in work with students of a magistracy as future educators
Keywords: Network technologies, Web 2.0 online services, electronic training
materials, ICT competence, Master students, Learners, Modern information ed-
ucational medium, Online services application model, SWOT analysis.
1 Introduction
Modern aspects in the society and economy development, modernization of the system
of Russian education, new values, and reference points increase the level of require-
ments to the professional qualities and abilities demanded in the 21st century both for
the acting pedagogical staff, and for future experts in this field. One of the impulses of
the existing changes is that information and communication technologies are constantly
* Copyright 2021 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
138
improved, they are an integral part of the educational medium of any educational or-
ganization. Hence, the Professional Standard "An educator of Professional Training,
Professional Education and Additional Professional Education" approved by the order
of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation of September
8, 2015, urges the teacher "to use modern technical means of training and educational
technologies, including if necessary to carry out electronic training, to use remote edu-
cational technologies, information and communication technologies, electronic educa-
tional and information resources" [1].
The modern information educational medium does not do without us network tech-
nologies which continue actively intrude into the educational process of institutions of
all orientations. Employing network technologies the arrangement of management and
control of educational activity, information and methodical ensuring disciplines, elec-
tronic training, network interaction of participants of educational process successfully
are implemented. The current Internet has a big resource base of training materials,
ready to apply. It can be materials on the websites and portals of the organizations
which are especially engaged in their drawing up and development and also handiworks
of teachers most of which often can be met in network methodical communities, per-
sonal websites, or blogs. Besides, the Internet space is filled with various social network
services (online services based on Web 2.0) – available in using and understanding by
the web applications allowing the user to carry out various tasks: storage and editing
data, communication, presentation, ordering, etc. Today it is difficult to imaging our
everyday life without online services. Many network services during their existence
were considerably improved, functional new services have appeared, having forced out
the irrelevant at present. However, a matter of network services Web 2.0 applying in
the educational activity will remain interesting to study, the activity which is not related
directly to technical specialties, having other subject orientation. An educator's innova-
tive activity can be seen partly in this field.
2 Materials and methods
According to the increasing rate of development of the information and communication
technologies (ICT) the perspective directions of the transformation of the educational
process open, the conditions meeting modern educational priorities, and the purposes
of the 21st century are created [2]. The attention is focused less on ICT educator qual-
ification, than on his ICT competence, i.e. his/her ability to apply information technol-
ogies in the solution of pedagogical tasks [3].
The responsible role in the educator’s formation with a set of the professional qual-
ities demanded in the 21st century is allocated for higher educational institutions. In
particular, implementation of programs of a magistracy "Pedagogical education" allows
gaining knowledge and abilities in the sphere of innovative technologies necessary for
working in an education system with the ability to apply modern ICT technologies in
the organization of educational activity, to apply diagnostics and estimation of the qual-
ity of educational process according to various educational programs, to use modern
educational and pedagogical technologies for information broadcasting in interaction
139
with participants of the educational process [4]. The objects of the professional activity
of magistracy program graduates mostly become learners of general secondary schools.
In this regard, there is a chain of important successive interactions.
It is important to be mentioned that the system and activity approach in training is
the methodological cornerstone of federal state educational standards of general educa-
tion. This approach describes the structure of student educational activity, necessary
conditions, and mechanisms of the assimilation process. Modern information educa-
tional medium is the important instrument for the formation of different types of edu-
cational activity, types which promote the achievement of educational results by learn-
ers [5]. At the same time, the feature of the existing stage of education development
consists in the applying of advanced system delivery of information, an interactive op-
erating mode, different complementary technologies of training [6]; therefore, the ac-
tive development by educational institutions of Internet technologies and network ser-
vices Web 2.0 has great importance.
Social network services, or Web 2.0 services, represent program online applications
for any solution of tasks [7]. In essence network services Web 2.0 essentially differ
from the static websites, portals, and servers of a wide area network [8].
Web 2.0 is an era of such development of Internet technologies when users are au-
thors and coauthors of the content of the Network [9]. In the Internet space it is possible
to meet office, photo, video editors; services for the creation of infographics, mental
maps, polls, tapes of time, interactive flash-resources, etc.
The implementation of online services application in education is very large-scale.
In the network access, there is a large number of electronic resources and materials of
users that can be used for educational purposes. Employing network services it is pos-
sible to organize the students' group work and provide communication in scientific and
methodical communities. As network services Web 2.0 are free software, there is a
possibility of independent creation of training materials and their publication even for
the users who do not have special knowledge in the IT-sphere [10]. Depending on the
approach to the online services applying in a pedagogical activity it is possible to
achieve the solution of many tasks which are implemented in the information and edu-
cation environment: the organization of network interaction and control of educational
activity, ensuring the design and creative activity of participants of the educational pro-
cess and also the formation of a complex of network electronic educational resources,
including electronic training materials which are environment ICT-saturated integral
component [11]. Therefore, when choosing tools for the creation of training materials
based on online services it is necessary to take the following advantages of services into
account: availability, multimedia, and usability.
This work represents an opportunity to consider features of network technologies
applying in the training of masters, taking into account specifics of training materials
development based on network services to design studies by both the educational spe-
cialist and the students of a magistracy. The pedagogical experiment proceeded within
the implementation of the magistracy program "Pedagogical education (Biological ed-
ucation)" on discipline "Interactive forms and training methods in biology". This disci-
pline is included in a professional cycle of obligatory disciplines and studied by stu-
dents of a magistracy in the second semester. It is provided that a considerable volume
140
of studies is given for self-instruction. The course was presented in a learning manage-
ment system of Moodle of higher education institution, network services Web 2.0 were
applied at the developing of some author's training materials [12].
Moodle is a platform that allows the creation of educational modules with turning
on text blocks, multimedia of components, wiki pages, forums, questionnaires, glossa-
ries, polls, and tasks of various types. Google Sites can become the alternative tool
environment that allows forming the interactive guide to a course. The indisputable
advantage of Google Sites against the LMS Moodle system that the teacher inde-
pendently, without any help of the technical specialists who support and adjust the plat-
form in higher education institution can make corrections in training materials, provide
the student access to certain resources, being the author and the moderator during a
course implementation.
Google Sites – an easy to use designer of the website. Without any special
knowledge in the field of IT technologies, the teacher can create personal websites with
the representation of the acquired methodical materials and also the websites, in other
words, guides, to disciplines or the specific studied subjects. Google Sites allows to
create the full-fledged websites with a hierarchical insert of web pages, to configure
their interface, to place necessary content: text, images, video, audio resources, internal
hyperlinks or links to materials of a wide area network, additional gadgets [13]. An
interactive guide, ready to use, is kept in the opened or closed access mode. In the
second case of the mode only the author or the restricted invited audience of users,
which roles of coauthors can be also appointed, has access to the website. Several ad-
vantages supplement convenient navigation between the created pages, ready subjects,
and templates of registration, preview of the website on the smartphone, the tablet, the
computer. A website application is certainly an important moment in the realization of
distance learning and also in the organization of students' self-instruction at all steps of
education.
Irrespective of the platform of training course allocation, a network interaction of its
participants is represented with the following interactions:
─ an educational specialist – network platform resources – a student;
─ a student – network platform resources – a student.
In the first case, the part of the tutor and coordinator is assigned to the educational
specialist, who keeps feedback with students and providing them timely consultation
with the arising questions.
The second interaction arises during student group work in network actions, a design
activity. The educational specialist in this situation is a moderator: he forms problem-
atic issues and tasks, directs to the obtaining of provided results, regulates the rate of
work. The presented interactions are applicable in educational institutions of any level
and specialization.
Resources of the network platform are a complex of electronic educational and me-
thodical materials, where the training materials created in the environment of Web 2.0
services can be as a part. The choice of online services for the training material devel-
opment is undoubtedly diverse. In this article, we will observe the capacities of network
services Mindomo and LearningApps.org.
141
Mindomo (https://www.mindomo.com/ru/) is an online service for the creation of
the mental map. The beta version of the service can create three free cards. Mental maps
are applied for the acquaintance with the ideas, tasks, plans, business strategies, design,
the IT-sphere. However, this network service has gained special popularity in education
[14].
The card which is created employing Mindomo Service contains schematically lo-
cated multimedia blocks united with each other hierarchical or equal connections. In-
serted elements of blocks are images, text, a network video, hyperlinks, information
pop-up windows. The scheme contains the main block and affiliated blocks departing
from it. For consecutive submission of information, a part of the scheme can be hidden.
For educational purposes, the Mindomo service can serve as the online designer for
the development of a network electronic training material in the form of the interactive
schemes, which allow disclosing interrelation of complex structural components to
complete perception of training material, to focus attention on important blocks of the
scheme, to build a route (concept) of a subject studying [15]. The reference to the pub-
lished scheme is built-in on the page of the interactive guide of a training course.
Students of a magistracy when modeling studies for school students also developed
interactive schemes employing network service Mindomo. Translated from Russian
into English the scheme by a student is submitted in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. A master degree student's screenshot of the interactive scheme
142
One more online service which deserves educational specialists and master students'
attention is LearningApps.org (https://learningapps.org). It is the Russified network
service Web 2.0 for the creation of interactive exercises – a complex of the versatile
tasks directed to working off of knowledge and abilities gained during the training.
Types of the developed exercises are the following:
─ conformity,
─ classification,
─ a chronological range,
─ a simple order,
─ text input,
─ pictures sorting,
─ a quiz with the choice of the correct answer,
─ a filling in gaps.
Moreover, there is an opportunity to create audio and video content, a grid from various
applications, and also exercises in a play form: "Who wants to become a millionaire?",
"Guess" the Puzzle", "Crossword puzzle", "Words from letters", "Where is it?", etc.
Auxiliary web tools allow organizing the voting, chats, marking events in the calendar,
creating notes in a notebook, to leave announcements on the built-in online board. In
Fig. 2 there is a screenshot of the author's interactive exercise about the conformity of
elements on the subject "Organelles" which is shown to students of a magistracy as an
example.
Fig. 2. The author's interactive exercise about the conformity performed
in the medium of the LearningApps.org online service
143
Fig. 3 shows a screenshot of the author's interactive exercise in the form of a crossword
puzzle on the topic "Living Сell" also performed with the help of the LearningApps.org
online service which is shown to master's students as an example.
Fig. 3. The author's interactive exercise in the form of a crossword puzzle performed in the me-
dium of the LearningApps.org online service
Thus, interactive schemes are indispensable in the cognitive and design, and creative
activity arrangement for students, when the problem tasks and questions are shown, an
educational experiment is arranged. Interactive exercises are the source of ensuring for
the regulatory activity of students directed to of a self-preparation level assessment,
introduction of the corresponding amendments. Similar network schemes and exercises
play an important role in the formation of interactive and communicative activity which
content comes down to the ability to organize a joint activity, to formulate, reason, and
defend the opinion, allows to form and develop the competence of the scope of infor-
mation and communication technologies.
The conducted survey in the form of SWOT analysis with students of a magistracy
about their attitude to online services of Web 2.0 applying in their study and pedagog-
ical activity, allowed to reveal strong and weak points, opportunities, and possible
threats while operating with the services.
According to students of a magistracy, the application of online services in training
is a level indicator of modern education. Students noted the advantages of the services,
which consist in the interactivity and usability, thus, they create conditions for the re-
alization of individual educational pathways.
Master students realize opportunities of network services in the distance learning
arrangement, the development of electronic training materials, and their demonstration
with using of an interactive board and mobile devices that have current importance in
their study and professional activity.
144
However, there are also some weak points of this matter. First of all, these points
concern unexpected online service blackout leading to the loss of information and emer-
gence of errors in hypertexts or references that happen at access closing to resources of
the websites, to single images, video or audio. The unpleasant factors menacing to the
application of electronic training materials based on network services Web 2.0 are tech-
nical failures in work of services, lack of access to the Internet at the required zone: in
a lecture room, a computer class, at home, etc. The late teacher's feedback can lead to
the assumption of inaccuracies and mistakes in students' activities. But after all, there
are much more advantages in the application of online services. A qualified educator,
designing the lesson, always assumes the replacing techniques and technologies in case
of unforeseen situations with the functioning of the training materials taken in the me-
dium of network services. Especially as various technical failures most often are tem-
porary.
3 Results
One of the important requirements to the professional skills of the modern teacher is
the development and application of electronic tutorials according to requirements of the
federal state educational standards, which are imposed on students for their achieve-
ment of new educational results. The level of professional skills of the graduates of
pedagogical specialties in many respects depends on a high school level of training, in
particular, in the field of successful implementation of information and communication
technologies in their further educational activity. Therefore it is important to show to
the master student possible methods and design technologies of training materials that
stir up the educational activity directed to the achievement of modern educational re-
sults by learners.
As useful tools for the development of electronic training materials, the educator can
apply online services of Web 2.0. Without any assistance from technical sphere experts,
the educator, considering his/her methodical positions, will be able to create interactive
training materials independently. The advantages of online services applying in the
study and pedagogical activity were noted by students of a magistracy of the "Pedagog-
ical education (Biological education)" course. The application specifics of online ser-
vices in educational activity directly depends on the creative approach and innovative
activity of the educational specialist.
In this regard network technologies as an integral part of the modern information
educational medium, are perspective means on the way of realization of a chain of im-
portant successive interactions between a higher education institution and a secondary
school in the 21st-century youth formation.
Thus, proceeding from specifics of the discipline implementing the program of a
magistracy, the model of application of network services in the work with master stu-
dents can have the following form (Fig. 4).
145
Fig. 4. The model of the online services application in work with future educators
During the final class students of a magistracy were offered to make a SWOT analysis
of the application of network services in the study and pedagogical activity. The essence
of the analysis came down to the reasonings including the following positions: strong
and weak points of the case, opportunity, and potential threats. Popular answers of stu-
dents are provided in the cumulative diagram in Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. SWOT analysis of the application of network services in the study
and pedagogical activity
146
4 Conclusion
Let us note the main advantages of the online services of Web 2.0 in designing studies
and materials. Firstly, it is the availability that assumes easy access to resources of the
service. It is only required to execute an entrance employing the available account on
service or to use the account of the resolved social networks, and as the need arises - to
pass the registration. Secondly, multimedia allows working with different formats of
information at the same time: text, images, audio, video. Thirdly, it is their usability.
Most network services Web 2.0 have intuitively clear interface therefore not only IT
professional can be their users.
During the implementation of the course "Interactive Forms and Methods of Train-
ing to Biology" (the author's electronic training materials based on online services of
Web 2.0 were applied). The program graduates of the magistracy "Pedagogical educa-
tion (Biological education)" are future teachers whose objects of professional activity
are, in particular, students of the secondary general educational organizations of basic
and profile levels. Therefore, at the studied course master students learn to develop their
training materials, being guided by requirements of the existing federal state educa-
tional standards. Master students were asked to model training materials using online
services.
Apparently from the chart, students of a magistracy consider that using online ser-
vices is necessary for the innovative activity of the educator, it is one of the indicators
of the level of modern education. Besides, employing network services individualiza-
tion and interactivity of the training process is implemented.
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