Introductory part. The strategic development plan of the Institute of Computer Systems of Odessa
National Polytechnic University provides for the modernization of the building, bringing it closer to the "green". For
this, the Green Campus project is being developed - a project of a phased evolutionary transition to a new type of
building, which involves the development of a complex of various systems. The project has been repeatedly discussed
and presented at many international conferences since 2017 [
However, the introduction of such an innovative project at the university in the conditions of economic and
financial instability in Ukraine will require consistent risk management during its implementation, by applying the
principles of a risk-based approach [
For the first time, the Green Campus concept was tested back in the 70s of the last century. Its history began
with the global oil crisis, when OPEC countries refused to supply oil products to the allies of Israel. Accordingly, the
largest companies in the USA and Western Europe found themselves without the necessary fuel. Representatives of
the hippie movement around the world supported enforced corporate economy measures. They became the main
carriers of the idea of a "green office" [
According to the report of the Dodge Data & Analytics company about the development of green buildings,
their number doubles every three years around the world, and today both buyers and tenants increasingly prefer
energy-efficient and environmentally friendly premises. The main differences of the green building is its
intellectualization, energy efficiency, increased comfort and safety. The benefits of green construction can be felt right
now, while the main customers of green projects are administrative institutions (schools, universities, hospitals, public
buildings) [
In 1987, Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Bruntland proposed the following definition of a green office: Green Campus is an organization management philosophy that reduces the negative impact of companies by maximizing the conservation of resources and energy and optimizing the amount of waste in the environment [6].
The concept of conservation of resources has received state support in many countries of the world. It is based on the principle of reducing waste and conserving resources. Thanks to this, a competent leader optimizes the expenses of his company and significantly raises its image. Today Green Campus allows you to solve a whole range of problems. As a rule, they are divided into three areas: economic - saves company resources; environmental - reduces emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere and improves waste management; social - enhances the reputation of the company, its image.
All the advantages of sound environmental management have already been appreciated by such organizations
as Intel, Schneider Electric, Johnson Controls, Google, Black Stone, UPECO, etc. [
Every day an increasing number of Ukrainian companies join the Green Campus environmental concept. The transition to "green" standards is considered the rule of good taste, which improves the image of the company in the eyes of customers and partners.
The economic and environmental benefits of Green Campus are the reduction of excess costs and respect for
resources. The most popular component is reducing the use of paper - from printing on “transactions” to electronic
document management and waste paper collection [
In this regard, there was an urgent need to spread the Green Campus initiative to universities, within the walls of which the formation of environmental awareness and lifestyle of future specialists is taking place.
Main part. Odessa National Polytechnic University, like most modern universities, has a developed
infrastructure and a certain territory. In this regard, the concept of a “green office” for educational institutions is
expanding significantly and goes beyond the scope of individual administrative buildings, classrooms and classrooms,
teachers and laboratories, practice bases, sports complexes and halls, energy supply management systems and other
structural units. The "green office" of the university should be considered in a complex, taking into account all the
objects of its infrastructure [
At this stage, a project team of students from ONPU and the University of Applied Sciences of Augsburg is working on the Green Campus project in order to modernize the buildings of their universities by equipping the premises with IoT systems, to improve the environmental and economic situation, and reduce excessive energy consumption.
For the Institute of Computer Systems, the Green Campus Project provides for the reconstruction of the
building in order to provide comfortable learning and working conditions for students and its employees and safety
[
The Smart Home project for Green Campus IKS ONPU provides for several stages of implementation, including market analysis, search for suppliers, installation and commissioning. The scale of the project depends on the area of the object, the timing of execution and the level of complexity of the system itself.
The area of IKS ONPU is more than 2800 square meters. m. The system will contain the necessary set of sensors for temperature, light, door openings, fire, humidity, twilight sensors and others, elements of connection, power, communications for the respective systems, provide comfortable and environmental conditions in the rooms with significant savings in energy resources.
We can say that work on the project began with the creation of a “stratap school” at the ICS, which became the
center for innovative student learning [
Currently, students of the PNIT department and the Strat-up school have developed two large blocks for the
Smart Home project, as part of the Green Campus international project. The first block is the project to create a battery
monitoring system for solar energy. Currently, the relevance of the use of solar energy is growing due to its
environmental friendliness and low resource intensity [
To monitor these requirements, a battery controller is required. Currently, there are many different charge
controllers, but, as a rule, their manufacturers do not provide for the simultaneous monitoring of the state of the battery
(в оригинале АКБ). Such monitoring would make it possible to obtain in a convenient form charge data and other
auxiliary information about the battery so that the consumer can get acquainted with the results of research and testing
of innovative technologies being introduced, as well as for energy management [
As mentioned above, this development is part of the large Green Campus project, according to which it is
planned to provide the ICS building with an independent energy supply system based on photovoltaic solar panels.
The aim of the project is to create a battery charge controller that allows you to collect data on the parameters of the
solar energy system to track its status when used to provide buildings with electricity using the “smart house”
technology [
The basis for creating a battery charge controller is the BeagleBone microcontroller, in view of its availability
and the availability of all the necessary peripherals. Various variations of charge controllers were analyzed, as a result
of which, for implementation, a PWM controller was chosen. It has several advantages, the main one of which is that
the battery maintains optimal voltage [
This controller collects statistical data on the system parameters for sending to the web server, their further processing and display on the corresponding web page (Fig. 2), which displays the following data: voltage, current strength of the batteries and solar panels, level charge, time to the end of battery charging. Analyzing the collected data, we can draw conclusions about the state of the batteries or the efficiency of the location of the solar panels. Also, system parameters are displayed in real time on the LCD display.
Fig. 2. Web interface Features of the developed controller: work in high voltage systems in the field of "green" technologies.
collection and display of statistics on the battery charge and the efficiency of solar panels, which allows you to most efficiently position the solar panels on the roof of the building, monitor the condition of the batteries and determine the optimal number of solar panels (reduces the cost of the consumer of clean electricity); the ability to use in IoT and "smart home" systems; providing an API for tracking and managing the controller.
For this project, a WBS structure, a Gantt chart, and a resource matrix were developed for which further implementation of the project is planned.
The project was developed on the basis of the International R&D and StartUP School [
The developed charge controller has a number of advantages over existing analogues, based on the
pricequality ratio. In addition, it allows you to get all the necessary information about the battery charge and other system
parameters on a special web page, which can be used not only by the end user, but also by various platforms for
researching innovative technologies. As a result of using this “smart” controller, it is possible to efficiently position
the solar panels on the roof of the building and calculate their optimal number, monitor the condition of the batteries
and receive notification if they need to be replaced [
The second block is the project to create a climate monitoring and control system. It allows you to control the temperature and air quality (CO2 content) and maintain a comfortable level of microclimate parameters by ventilation and changing the humidity level.
The situation, when the level of air quality in classrooms is below acceptable, is quite common in universities. The problem of CO2 level appeared due to the tightness of modern windows. Prolonged stay of a person in a room with low air quality worsens his health his well-being - it can cause weakness, drowsiness, headaches, problems with concentration, or even an increase in blood acidity, leading to acidosis (Table 1). The aim of the work is to develop a system consisting of a microcontroller and a set of sensors for measuring microclimate parameters, able to ventilate the room and also interact with the air humidification mechanism. In addition, the system should have Internet access for conducting measurement statistics and also to notify staff about abnormal changes in microclimate parameters (dangerously low air quality due to smoke or an excessively high temperature).
During market research, a lack of competitive systems was found that could simultaneously control the microclimate and automatically maintain it at a comfortable level. In addition, existing systems, such as room humidifiers, are expensive. Therefore, it was decided to develop this system.
Our innovation is the automatic ventilation of the room when CO2 is exceeded and the automatic switching on and off of humidifiers or dehumidifiers, since this method is less expensive than turning on the air conditioner or other temperature control systems indoors (fireplace, central heating, fan, etc.). Automatic ventilation can be opening a pressurized window or starting a ventilation system of a room (recuperator, for example), if such a system is present.
When choosing components, we first of all paid attention to cheap devices with low energy consumption, since for a full implementation in the university building it will be necessary to install such a system in each audience. Based on this, ESP32-based module with WiFi would be an ideal option for us: power supply 2.2 … 3.6V, maximum power consumption 500mA. To read data from two sensors, display information on the display, control the relay and send data with HTTP to the remote server, its performance was neither small nor redundant.
We selected DHT22 sensor to measure temperature and relative humidity (relative humidity within 0-100%,
temperature from -40 - 125°C [
Measurements are displayed on the display and sent to the server using the built-in Wi-Fi module. The server processes, records and analyzes data, and if certain indicators go beyond the normal range, the system signals this and automatically performs actions aimed at normalizing the relevant indicators - it ventilates the room, changes the humidity to maintain the comfort temperature. The interaction of the controller and the ventilation or humidification mechanisms occurs through a relay module with a control voltage of 5V. In a simplified version, the user is notified of deviations from the norm and an appropriate recommendation is issued for their normalization.
The DHT22 sensor was chosen for measuring temperature and relative humidity (relative humidity in the range
0-100%, temperature from -40 to 125 ° C [
Measurements are displayed and sent to the server using the built-in Wi-Fi module. The server processes, records and analyzes the data, and if certain indicators are outside the permissible range, the system signals this and automatically performs actions aimed at normalizing the corresponding indicators - it ventilates the room, changes the humidity to maintain a comfortable temperature. The interaction of the controller and the ventilation or humidification mechanisms occurs through a relay module with a control voltage of 5V. In a simplified version, the user is notified of deviations from the norm and an appropriate recommendation is issued on their normalization.
At the moment, the development of the system has already been completed - there is a ready-made prototype. Work is underway to optimize and expand the functionality of the server side. Thus, the system can, with a sufficient degree of accuracy, determine the temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration in the room, display the data on the display, send it to the server for accounting and statistics, and interested users can see the microclimate parameters for each room on the web page where it is installed system. if some indicators deviate from the norm, a notification is displayed on the system screen.
Registered users are notified by email [
Conclusions. The paper presents the concept of the Greencampus project, which is being developed by students of the Department of Project Training in IT as part of the reconstruction and modernization of the building of the Institute of Computer Systems of Odessa National Polytechnic University. Staying an hour or two positively recommending yourself to be better at international teams of Ukrainian and international students, you can fully evaluate the project once and for all with the IT company. At the time, the synergetic effect of such changes is especially peculiar to the project and the public will be fully extended to the Department of Project-Based learning in IT.