=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-2870/paper42
|storemode=property
|title=Visualization Modeling of Management Processes in Knowledge-Oriented Systems
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2870/paper42.pdf
|volume=Vol-2870
|authors=Lubomyr Petryshyn,Mykhailo Petryshyn
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/colins/PetryshynP21
}}
==Visualization Modeling of Management Processes in Knowledge-Oriented Systems==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2870/paper42.pdf
Visualization Modeling of Management Processes in
Knowledge-Oriented Systems
Lubomyr Petryshyna, Mykhailo Petryshynb
a
AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza str. 30, Cracow, 30-059, Poland
b
Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenko Str. 57, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
Abstract
Modeling of information processes in knowledge-oriented systems allows to reduce the cost
of development and operation of such complex systems. The proposed method of information
models visualization allows to display processes in graphical form and simplify mutual
understanding between the customer and the developer at the stage of analysis and design.
The visualization models and a simplified example of developing.
Keywords 1
Knowledge-oriented systems, process analysis, visualization modeling, distributed systems,
management, linguistic school
1. Introduction
The necessity of increasing the management efficiency of distributed knowledge-oriented systems
of distance learning under quarantine restrictions requires the use of information technology, that
provides displaying of system status and system management processes in real time [1]. Analysis and
visualization of management processes avoid the psychological barrier and misunderstandings
between the user and the developer of the information system, as well as reduce the cost of
development, implementation, and maintenance of such complex systems [2-4].
The purpose of development is to present visual modeling methods of knowledge-oriented
systems, as well as the development of a management system on the example of a linguistic school.
During the analysis of the structure of the research object, key problems were identified and methods
for their solution are offered, tools for optimizing management processes and ensuring functional and
non-functional requirements to the system.
The novelty of the work is the presentation of systems analysis techniques, in accordance with
international standards [3-13], which, during the implementation in the process of information
modeling for knowledge-oriented systems, provides visualization of management processes and
simplifies the understanding of their structure and course.
The practical aspect is a comprehensive analysis of the structure and course of management
processes of knowledge-oriented systems, avoiding misunderstandings in the tasks formulation and
user requirements gathering, as well as reducing the cost of creating and operating management
systems.
Basic user requirements for linguistic school process management system:
language learning process control,
electronic client registration,
creation of client account,
client activity monitoring,
communication with the linguistic school,
client financial account creation,
automation of the payment process,
COLINS-2021: 5th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Systems, April 22–23, 2021, Kharkiv, Ukraine
EMAIL: l.b.petryshyn@gmail.com (L. Petryshyn); m.l.petryshyn (M. Petryshyn)
ORCID: 0000-0003-4168-3891 (L. Petryshyn); 0000-0001-6319-3768 (M. Petryshyn)
2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors.
Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)
linguistic school financial control.
The result of the system creating is websites and mobile applications, the use of which should
increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the linguistic school in the market of educational
services. Such knowledge-oriented systems should transparently facilitate communication between
customers and the company and, if desired, the use of loyalty status under loyalty programs.
A convenient way to enter a language school without the need for a personal visit to the institution,
electronic document management, transparency of the recruitment process for language courses and
their course, the possibility of statistical processing of client metadata (their age, gender, address,
motivation to start courses, learning progress) activities, a list of the main effects of the management
system implementation. The automated payment process allows you to constantly monitor unpaid
receivables and the overall financial condition of the linguistic school. An important factor is to
ensure competitiveness in the market of educational services through promotions and PR activities.
2. General system analysis
2.1. Enterprise characteristics
The language school operates as part of territorially dispersed branches and offers individual and
group courses in five languages (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish). In the conditions of
quarantine, the urgency of conducting online courses increases.
The guidance of the linguistic school set a task to automate the process of enrolling clients in
courses. The linguistic school has full-time teachers, employment contracts, and part-time teachers.
There is also an accountant in charge of the marketing and promotion department, secretariat staff,
and technical staff (fig. 1).
Director
Lecturers Secretariat
English Accounting
department
German
Marketing and
promotion department
French
IT department
Italian
Spanish
Figure 1 Graphic organizational structure of linguistic school
2.2. The context of the system functionality
The system is used through a mobile application or an Internet browser. This allows to
communicate with users, register and exclude from the course, control payments, as well as receiving
and processing customer comments. Teachers have access to accounts in the system, protected by a
login and password received from the owner of the language school. School clients register in the
system independently. Their records are confirmed by name, surname, telephone number, and e-mail
address. The customer of the system requires the support of a maximum 50 teachers, 150 students,
and 3 owners.
2.3. User characteristics
System users are potential customers, current students, teachers and the school owner. Pupils and
students who use mobile applications are a significant target group. Also, many clients use the
services of the school on the recommendation of the employer or on their own initiative. The
composition of teachers changes adaptively to the number of students.
2.4. Basic system requirements specification
The system provides users with the following capabilities:
review the current offer of courses and teachers in order to compare with other schools and
choose a course;
registration and secure login to the system with access to personal data and the ability to
perform all functions of the system;
making payments in the application in order to increase efficiency and avoid cash
transactions;
commenting on the current functioning of the school, teachers and the atmosphere of classes.
access of teachers to information about their courses, their participants and assessments, in
order to control the course of the didactic process;
flexible system of evaluation of the educational process and monitoring of the progress of
knowledge acquisition.
the owner of the language school has access to statistics on the number of students, the most
popular courses and control of the company's financial condition.
2.5. Functional system requirements
1. Functional requirement: Registration in the system
Definition: creation by each client of school of the account in system.
Enter: Password, email, name, phone number.
Exit: After the registration is completed, the system redirects the user to the login tab.
2. Functional requirement: Login
Definition: logging in with authorized users. After logging in, users are able to use the available
features depending on whether he is a student or a school employee.
Login: Login and password
Exit: by laying out.
3. Functional requirement: Registration for the course
Definition: independent registration of users for the selected language course.
Input data: choice of school location, language, level, study group.
Exit: After saving, the notification panel will display a message about registration and course
details (language, teacher, level, class dates, number of people in the group, school location, funds
and date of payment).
4. Functional requirement: Cancellation of the course
Definition: self-cancellation of the course by the user.
Input: Select an account and cancel it.
Exit: After canceling the account, a message is generated in the notifications panel.
5. Functional requirement: Review of the offered language courses
Definition: acquaintance of users with the offer of school.
Access: The menu includes the "Courses" tab, and the "Filter" function allows the user to view the
courses of the respective language, level, teacher and educational institution.
Exit: After selecting a specific course, the registration option appears. The "Back" button redirects
the user to the main menu.
6. Functional requirement: View current courses
Definition: Displays to the user the course to which he is enrolled.
Login: "My courses" option in the main menu of the system
Exit: After selecting the appropriate course, the "Course Details" option appears, which directs the
user to course details, homework, lesson topics, grades, and payment information.
7. Functional requirement: Payment information
Definition: the user's choice of payment method and its execution.
Access: via the main menu "My courses"> "Details"> "Payment".
Exit: After selecting a specific course and the "Payment" button, the program displays the user the
price of the course and payment options in installments. After selecting the appropriate type of
payment, the program displays the types of payments: BLIK, transfer, payment card.
8. Functional requirement: Payment of receivables
Definition: deferred payment by the user of the course.
Input: Choose a payment method.
Exit: redirection to the banking program.
9. Functional requirement: Reviews of courses and language school
Definition: allows students and teachers registered in the system to comment on the quality of
classes and individual teachers.
Access: In the main menu, the "Reviews" tab redirects to the "Leave Feedback" and "View
Feedback" options bar.
Exit: The generated feedback is added to the list and becomes available to other users.
10. Functional requirement: View comments
Definition: the ability to view arbitrary users, including those who are not registered in the system,
available comments on the quality of classes and individual teachers
Access: In the main menu, the "Comments" option goes to the panel that contains the "Leave a
comment" and "View comments" options.
Exit: A list of available comments is displayed.
11. Functional requirement: Information about courses for teachers
Definition: displays information about the schedule of teachers, the number of students in groups,
passed and planned lesson topics (optional).
Access: through the main menu of the teacher, the tab "My courses". Ability to choose a specific
course.
Exit: course information is displayed.
12. Functional requirement: Statistical information
Definition: allows you to view statistics on the number of participants in individual courses over a
period of time, the popularity of individual languages offered by the school, and the popularity of
individual teachers. This feature is available to the language school owner.
Access: on the main panel, after the login of the school owner, the option "View statistics".
Output: interface with grouped statistics, the ability to select the requested period.
3. Methods
3.1. Context diagram
The context diagram shows (fig. 2) data streams of interaction with external objects in the system.
Examples of such objects are the external components of the system, institutions, users. The diagram
shows which data is entered into the system from the outside, which is processed inside the system, as
well as which is output by the system to the outside.
Figure 2: Context diagram
Based on the formulated user requirements, the system management process was decomposed into
two subprocesses: user registration for the course and financial calculations for training.
3.2. BPMN models
BPMN notation is used for graphical display and analysis of business processes in the system. A
characteristic feature of BPMN-models is the unambiguous representation of Workflow-processes and
ERP systems.
Figure 3 shows the BPMN model of user registration for the selected course.
Figure 3: Schematic of the BPMN sub-process of user registration for the course
Figure 4 shows the BPMN model of the course payment subprocess.
Figure 4: BPMN-scheme of the course payment subprocess
The result of the decomposition of the processes of the control system is the definition of two
system subprocesses: enrollment in the course and payment [7], the composition of which for the two
components of the processes are given in Tables 1 and 2. The tables show the following abbreviations
of system actors: SE - an employee of the secretariat, ITE - an employee of the IT department, DBA -
database administrator, BIS - the bank interaction subsystem, SO - school owner.
Table 1
System operations for the sub-process "enrollment in the course" with a specified duration,
start and end time.
Document Title start time duration end time description
D1.01 Customer choice of language 0 5 5 SE 01
D2.01 Compiling a list of available 5 1 6 SE 01
courses
D3.01 Choice of course by the client 6 10 16 SE 01
D4.02 Appointment of a new course 16 2 18 DBA 02
participant - entry in the
database
D5.03 Create a subscription email 18 1 19 ITE 03
confirmation
D6.03 Sending confirmation to the e- 19 1 20 ITE 03
mail address provided by the
customer
Table 2
System operations for the sub-process "Make a payment" with duration, start and
end time.
Document Title start time duration end time description
D7.01 Sending a direct debit to the 0 1 1 SE 01
customer
D8.01 Customer's choice of payment 1 3 4 SE 01
method "regular transfer"
D9.01 Sending transfer data to the 4 1 5 SE 01
client
D10.04 Customer verification in the 5 2 7 DBA 04
banking system
D11.04 Funds transfer to the account 7 4 11 DBA 04
of the language school
D12.01 Posting payments 11 30 41 SE 01
D13.02 Create a confirmation of 41 2 43 ITE 02
payment by e-mail
D14.03 Sending confirmation to the e- 43 2 45 SE 03
mail address provided by the
customer
3.3. Matrix models
Matrix models of the general process of system management reflect two subprocesses defined by
the customer: enrollment (fig. 4) and payment (fig. 5). This model allows visualizing the execution of
individual system operations by the relevant departments on a time scale [6, 7, 9, 14, 15]. Each of the
cells determines the type of system operation (DX), the unit in which it is performed (OY), the start
time is shown in the upper left corner, the execution time - in the upper right corner, the info
exchange time - above the arrows, and the system network, which are indicated by arrows.
Figure 4: Matrix model of the subprocess "Enrollment in the course"
Figure 5: Matrix model of the subprocess "Payment"
3.4. Gantt models
Gantt's models allow to visualize in the time scale of system operations in each of the subprocesses
(fig. 6, 7).
Customer choice of language D1.O1
Creating a list of available D2.
courses O2
Client's choice of a specific
course D3.O1
Student enrollment in the
D4.O2
course - entry in the
databaseтекст
Formation of enrollment D5.
confirmation O3
E-mail confirmation of D6.
enrollment O3
0 5 10 15 Time 20
Figure 6: Gantt chart for the language selection subprocess.
Sending payment receipts to D7.
O1
the client
Choice of payment method
D8.O1
"regular transfer"
Sending payment details to D9.
O1
the customer
Customer verification in the D10
banking application .O4
Customer verification in the
D11.O4
banking system
Transfer accounting
D12.O1
Generate confirmation of D13
payment by e-mail .O2
Send payment confirmation D14
on e-mail .O3
0 10 20 30 Time 40
Figure 7: Gantt chart for the payment subprocess
3.5. Models "network graph"
The "network graph" model (fig. 8, 9) is a basic, derivative of Gantt's model [4, 9, 14], allows to
pass to UML-modeling and represents such basic system parameters, as times of the beginning and
the end of system operations, their performance in units, as well as the structure of the system and
communication channels.
D1.O1 D3.O1
O1
D2.
O1
D4.O2
O2
D5.
O3
O3
D6.
O3
Branches
0 5 10 15 Time 20
Figure 8: Network graph diagram for the language selection subprocess
D7. D9.
O1 O1
O1
D8.O1 D12.O1
D13
.O2
O2
D14
.O3
O3
D10
.O4
O4
D11.O4
Branches
0 10 20 30 Time
Figure 9: Network graph diagram for the course payment subprocess
3.6. Combined time models for performing system operations
A combined time model (fig. 10, 11) is used to estimate the total computational load of the control
information system [2-10]. However, this graph does not show the units in which individual system
operations are performed.
D5.
D1.O1 D3.O1 O3
D2. D6.
D4.O2
O1 O3
0 5 10 15 Time 20
Figure 10: Combined time model for the language selection subprocess
D7. D9. D13
O1 O1 D11.O4
.O2
D10 D14
D8.O1
.O4 D12.O1 .O3
0 10 20 30 Time
Figure 11: Combined time model for the payment subprocess
3.7. Block diagram of the algorithm for performing system operations.
Based on the combined time model, a block diagram of the program algorithm for system
operations execution (fig. 12, 13) is built, which on the basis of object-oriented programming allows
the fast implementation of the management system [2-10].
Begin
T
+
TT5 T>T6 T>T16 T>T18 T>T19 T>T20
̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶
D1.O1 D2.O1 D3.O1 D4.O2 D5.O3 D6.O3
DX.OY
End
Figure 12: Block diagram of the algorithm for the sub-process of language selection
Begin
T
+
TT1 T>T4 T>T5 T>T7 T>T11 T>T31 T>T33 T>T35
̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶
D7.O1 D8.O1 D9.O1 D10.O4 D11.O4 D12.O1 D13.O2 D14.O3
DX.OY
End
Figure 13: Block diagram of the algorithm for the payment subprocess
3.8. Results and Discussion
The process was simulated using the online environment BPSimulator, located at
http://www.bpsimulator.com [16]. The following is a model built to simulate the control process
(fig. 14) based on previous information models and a simulator-generated report (fig. 15). The
simulation results allow to evaluate the performance of the control system software and determine the
average execution time of the process [17].
Based on the simulation results, the developer is able to perform visual modeling of business
processes, identify "narrow" areas of productivity, assess the time and cost of operations, select and
justify the best option for organizing the management process.
4. Conclusions
Based on the developed visualization methods of processes functioning in difficult control
systems the bases and methods of modeling which have allowed to display a course of processes and
to carry out the management of an information system in real-time are defined. Visualization of
management processes has avoided mutual misunderstandings between customers and developers of
information systems, as well as reduced costs for the development, implementation, and maintenance
of distributed management systems.
The goal of the project was achieved - to model the management system, as well as to develop
a simplified example of models of the management system of student learning processes.
The implementation of the system allowed to optimize costs, improve the quality of services,
and automate management processes, as well as improve the exchange of information between
individual departments and move to an electronic management system. The introduction of changes in
the system led to an increase in the competitiveness of the school, and the functionality of the system
Figure 14: Block diagram of the system simulation
Figure 14: System load simulation report
was adapted to market standards. The implementation of the developed models is designed to create a
real competition of the language school by solving the existing shortcomings of similar systems.
The economic advantage of the services offered by the language school is the scaling effect.
The more students participate in the course, the more teachers provide tuition, saving money on
teaching materials and teacher pay. Thanks to pre-registration for the courses, the analyst can assess
the real demand for the course and hire the required number of teachers, paying in the appropriate
amounts.
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