Second International Workshop on AI and Intelligent Assistance for Legal Professionals in the Digital Workplace (LegalAIIA 2021) Collocated with Eighteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL 2021) Jack G. Conrad Jeremy Pickens Thomson Reuters OpenText TR Labs - Research Central Research 610 Opperman Drive 1860 Blake Street, Suite 700 St. Paul MN 55123 Denver, CO 80202 USA USA jack.g.conrad@tr.com jpickens@opentext.com INTRODUCTION This workshop provided a platform for examining Over the past decade, increased use of machine questions surrounding “AI as human augmentation” learning and other artificial intelligence technologies for legal tasks (a.k.a. Intelligent Assistance or IA), has significantly increased legal professionals’ particularly those related to legal practitioners’ abilities to efficiently access, process, and analyze interaction with digital information, including e- digital information. AI breakthroughs continue to discovery. The focus of the workshop has been on improve everything from advanced search to better understanding the interaction between human information extraction and visualization to data and AI capabilities. The primary audience for the summarization, classification, and review. At the workshop will include working attorneys, legal same time, concerns over transparency and the researchers, computer science researchers, and AI potential limitations of fully automated approaches to providers in the legal industry. problems in the legal space have led to an upsurge of Open questions remain about the conditions in which interest in methods that incorporate human human interaction is necessary to produce more intelligence –- the so-called "human-in- the-loop" effective results, whether the human or AI should take approach to AI. The debate over using AI as a replacement for humans, as opposed to an the initiative in the collaboration, and whether or how increased interpretability and explainability of AI augmentation of human abilities, otherwise known as models is necessary for acceptable and successful IA or Intelligent Assistance, is over half a century old, but currently the pendulum is swinging back toward human-AI collaboration in the legal domain. The ability of systems to analyze and identify exploitable the augmentation or IA perspective. However, not all patterns of human interaction and assessment in tasks human-AI collaborative effort is guaranteed to be fruitful. Research into the nature, degree, and like EDD (Electronic Data Discovery, or technology- efficiency of the human contribution to various aided discovery) is a significant area of inquiry as well. Empirical comparisons between pure AI versus applications is needed to ensure that the efforts and IA or human-augmented AI – favorable or resources are deployed effectively. unfavorable – in the form of user studies or simulations, are encouraged. Proposals on how best to evaluate various methods of human augmentation are In: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop welcomed, as are analyses of the ethical implications on AI and Intelligent Assistance for Legal of adopting AI as replacement versus AI as Professionals in the Digital Workplace (LegalAIIA augmentation in legal applications. 2021), held in conjunction with ICAIL 2021. June 21, 2021. Sao Paulo, Brazil. Copyright © 2021 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Published at http://ceur-ws.org.