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        <article-title>From Belief Revision to Belief Manipulation - Exploratory Thoughts (Abstract)</article-title>
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        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Abhaya Nayak</string-name>
          <email>abhaya.nayak@mq.edu.au</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
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          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Department of Computing, Macquarie University</institution>
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          <addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>
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          <country country="AU">Australia</country>
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      <p>Belief Dynamics as a field of research is quite mature, with a history of over
thirty years. At a very high level, it is akin to science in spirit: to build theories
that can be employed to make predictions. Given the belief state of an agent, and
some new information that it has accepted (or rejected), Belief Dynamics aims to
predict the new belief state of the agent. There is an interesting converse of this
problem that has drawn little attention from the community, that we call Belief
Manipulation. Given that we know the current state of an agent’s knowledge, and
some proposition that we want them to believe (or suspend their judgment on),
how can we bring about that epistemic change in that agent. In this, the problem
of belief manipulation has the flavour of engineering rather than of science. Belief
manipulation is not as rare a phenomenon as one would like it to be. Political
propaganda, fake news, information warfare, various sorts of scams and market
manipulation are all instances of belief manipulation. A good understanding of
this process can help us to potentially detect attempts at belief manipulation
and take pre-emptive measures. In this talk I will present some preliminary ideas
on the logic of belief manipulation.</p>
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