=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3081/04paper
|storemode=property
|title=TUBES system ontology: Digitalization of building service systems
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3081/04paper.pdf
|volume=Vol-3081
|authors=Nicolas Pauen,Dominik Schlütter,Jérôme Frisch,Christoph van Treeck
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ldac/PauenSFT21
}}
==TUBES system ontology: Digitalization of building service systems==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3081/04paper.pdf
Proceedings of the 9th Linked Data in Architecture and Construction Workshop - LDAC2021
Copyright 2021 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative
Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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Connections between Systems which are capable of a bi-directional flow can be de
scribed using the tso:exchange[J properties on the level of components. Depending on
the use of functional and technical systems a bi-directional flow may not affect the
definition of directed flows of energy, mass or data between them.
The data property tso:hasDataPointKey defines a relationship which assigns a ref
erence designation to a system. The domain is defined as tso:System. The functional
concept is shown in Fig. 3.
tso:exchange[J
#Literal tso:subStateOf tso:hasSubState
«synmetric»
tso:hasDataPointKey
rdfs:subPropertyOf
1
t
tso:[ ]SuppliedBy tso:stateOf
i '""""�'"
rdfo:nr111• rdfo:nr111•
:
, tso:System � «·nvors..o: tso:System tso:State
I rdfs:dom•in : rdfs:nnge
I
I I tso:supplies[J tso: hasState
I ---- I
l, ____________ .J
rdfs:subPropertyOf
Fig. 3. Functional concept of TSO
Sources and Sinks. Systems can be defined as a source or a sink. Since this classifica
tion is depending on the perspective, e.g. a heat exchange or a tank can be a sink for a
downstream component and a source for an upstream component, it needs to be defined
with regard to the considered system. Hence, the object properties tso:hasSource and
tso:hasSink define relationships identifying the source, respectively the sink of a sys
tem. tso:sourceOf and tso:sinkOf are defined as their inverse properties identifying the
corresponding system of a source or a sink. All of these object properties have their
domain and range defined as tso:System.
Linking systems and zones. As shown in Fig. 1, tso:Zone and tso:System can be linked
via tso:se-rves and tso:servedBy. To further detail what is served by a system, 10 sub
properties are defined for tso:serves and tso:servedBy, respectively. Tue same classifi
cation scheme as for the sub-properties of tso:connects is implemented. tso:serves is
distinguished into serving mass, solid, fluid, gas, liquid, energy, thermal energy, me
chanical energy, electrical energy or data The domain is defined as tso:System and the
range as tso:Zone. Tue corresponding inverse property tso:servedBy is detailed into
mass, solid, fluid, gas, liquid, energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, electrical
energy or data. The domain is defined as tso:Zone and the range as tso:System.
Classification of systems. Systems can be either classified by their overall function
(tso:FunctionalSystem) or the technical solution by which the function is fulfilled
(tso:TechnicalSystem) [20]. The technical solution can be specified by taking the Input
(X), the Output (Y) as well as the time and space of the input (TX/SX) and output
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___ ,. ........... ............. ............ .
HeatingSystem
FloorHeating
el□Block
DTE-Dis tr
ThermalSupply
Fig. 4. Application example
The testbed contains a heating system using various components and subsystems. A
stratified tank (Solvis Strato) is used to buffer the heat generated by the electric heater
(eloBlock) in the Thermal Supply system and make it available to the DTE-Distr and
Main-Distr systems. The tank can be defined as a tso:Component. It has a label Solvis
Strato linked via rdfs:label and a reference designation key linked via tso:hasData
PointKey. It is hierarchically structured as part of the ThermalSupply, DTE-Distr and
Main-Distr systems using the tso:subSystemOfrelation. Each of these systems can be
further characterized as tso:EnergyConversionSystem for the Thermal Supply system
or tso:DistributionSystem for the DTE-Distr, Main-Distr and FloorHeating systems as
well as tso:subSystemOJof the HeatingSystem. The tank is defined as tso:sinkOJof the
ThermalSupply system and tso:sourceOfthe Main-Distr and DTE-Distr systems. It ex
changes a liquid to the connected components described by the relationships tso:ex
changeliquid. The pump can be defined as a tso:Component as well and is linked to
the upstream pipe segment (tso:Component) by tso:suppliesliquid and to the down
stream pipe segment (tso:Component) via tso:liquidSuppliedBy. To describe the supply
of mechanical energy by the pump, it can be linked to the Main-Distr system via
tso:suppliesMechanicalEnergy. The supply of thermal energy between the components
and systems is represented via the tso:suppliesTherma!Energy relationship. It links for
example the ThermalSupply system to the DTE-Distr system and subsequently to the
PWH system, which is defined as a tso:SanitarySystem. The PWH system is serving a
zone in which some of the components are located. A brief representation of the appli
cation example using the TSO is presented in Fig. 5. The whole representation of the
testbed in the turtle syntax and the following SPARQL queries can be found in the
documentation of TSO [18].
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tso: Energy tso:Distribution
System tso:Sanitary
ConversionSystem
System
' ' ' '
i ,-
'''
'
,''
: ThermalSupply : DTE-Distr :
I------ _______I I------ _______I PWH
"------ -------'
rdfs: label rdfs: label
inst: rdfs :label
_ T-he- rm-a1-,-,,- - - GUID
--,,-, ,-so-ppl_ l,-, rg y
tso: subSystemOf
tso: serves
tso: located In
f
,,_ -+AB01.BC03 '
°
'<1 1-------- 1---------
tso: exchangeLiquid
_________,. GUID
inst:
___
__,
- - - - - - - - - - - _,
tso: exchangeliquid
, -----,
: SolvisStrato i
I ______________I tso: Component tso: Component
Fig. 5. Application example using the TSO
Example SPARQL queries which were implemented are described below. To select the
planned states of a system, the following query can be used:
SELECT ?state WHERE {inst:GUID tso:hasState ?state}
The location of the first valve, which is located downstream of the component serv
ing thermal energy to a zone can be selected by this query:
SELECT ?z WHERE {inst:GUID tso:thermalEnergyServedBy ?c •
?c tso:liquidSuppliedBy+ ?c2 .
?c2 a ifc:IfcValve •
?c2 tso:locatedin ?z •
?z a tso:Zone }
LIMIT 1
The following query to be used to select the location of the source of the electrical
system, which supplies electrical energy to this valve:
SELECT ?z WHERE {inst:GUID tso:subSystemOf ?s •
?s a tso:ElectricalSystem .
?s tso:hasSource ?c •
?c tso:locatedin ?z •
?z a tso:Zone}
This shows that TSO is capable of describing complex interconnected building ser
vice systems and to link these with the spatial structure. The SPARQL queries visualize
the accessibility of this information, which can be used to gain a deeper understanding
of the underlying system.
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