=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3126/paper29
|storemode=property
|title=Automation of technical diagnostics of digital signal synchronization devices
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3126/paper29.pdf
|volume=Vol-3126
|authors=Valerii Koval,Vitaliy Lysenko,Ihor Bolbot,Oleksandr Samkov,Oleksandr Osinskiy,Dmytro Kalian,Vyacheslav Vakas,Inna Yakymenko,Maksym Yevtushenko
}}
==Automation of technical diagnostics of digital signal synchronization devices==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3126/paper29.pdf
Automation of Technical Diagnostics of Digital Signal
Synchronization Devices
Valerii Koval 1, Vitaliy Lysenko 2, Ihor Bolbot 3, Oleksandr Samkov 4, Oleksandr Osinskiy 5,
Dmytro Kalian 6, Vyacheslav Vakas 7, Inna Yakymenko 8, Maksym Yevtushenko 91
1,2,3,6,8,9
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroyiv Oborony st., 15, Kyiv, 03041,
Ukraine
4,5
Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Peremohy Av., 56, Kyiv, 03057,
Ukraine
7
PJS “Kyivstar GSM”, Degtyarivska str, 53, Kyiv, 03113, Ukraine
Abstract
Modern digital technologies require high-quality frequency-time support. In practice, the use
of digital signal synchronization devices (DSSD), the purpose of which is the formation of clock
signals, has become widespread. Various methods of technical diagnostics are used to ensure
the specified quality of clock signals, increase the reliability and resource of the DSSD. The
paper is devoted to solving an urgent problem, which is to develop software and hardware to
automate the process of technical diagnostics of DSSD. It also investigates the automated
system of technical diagnostics which is constructed on technology of multichannel monitoring
with use of the sensor of the adaptive digital phase discriminator protected by the patent for an
invention. The authors carried out the practical development and experimental researches of the
diagnostic system using the multichannel sensor and the P4000winXP software. The research
results confirm the possibility of transmitting the results of measurements of clock signals using
IP technologies and conducting automated processing of the obtained data in real time, which
increases the reliability of the operator’s decision and simplifies the diagnostic process.
Keywords:
automation, technical diagnostics, digital signal synchronization devices, automated system,
sensor, adaptive digital phase discriminator, data processing, IP technologies.
1. Introduction processing technologies. In practice, the use of
digital signal synchronization devices (DSSD),
which are designed to generate and produce
State-of-the-art digital information and
synchronized signals that must meet the specified
communication systems, digital substations of
technical requirements, has become widespread to
SMART Grid electrical networks, other technical
solve the problem of time-and-frequency support
facilities using high technology, including the
[1-6].
country’s critical infrastructure, require high-
Various methods of technical diagnostics are
quality time-and-frequency support. An important
used in order to ensure the desired quality of clock
role in such a support is played by the processes
signals, reliability improvement and service life of
of formation and transmission of clock signals,
the DSSD. Technical diagnostics, through the
which are based on modern digital information
ISIT 2021: II International Scientific and Practical Conference
«Intellectual Systems and Information Technologies», September 13–
19, 2021, Odesa, Ukraine
EMAIL: v.koval@nubip.edu.ua (A. 1); lysenko@nubip.edu.ua (A.
2); igor-bolbot@ukr.net (A. 3); samkov@ied.org.ua (A. 4);
osinskiy@usnan.org.ua (A. 5); dmytro.kalian@gmail.com (A. 6);
v.vakas@ieee.org (A. 7); icheshun@gmail.com (A. 8);
maks202evtyshenko@gmail.com (A. 9);
ORCID: 0000-0003-0911-2538 (A. 1); 0000-0002-5659-6806 (A. 2);
0000-0002-5708-6007 (A. 3); 0000-0003-2790-8564 (A. 4); 0000-
0002-9921-699X (A. 5); 0000-0003-2016-2253 (A. 6); 0000-0002-
0378-9989 (A. 7); 0000-0002-2316-2382 (A. 8)
©️ 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative
Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)
timely identification of inconsistencies and their is processed.” As for the Automated Control
causes, improve maintenance, reliability and System, the State Standards of DSTU 2226-93
efficiency of operation of DSSDs [1-8]. The result defines it as “an automated system intended for
of the diagnosis should be an assessment of the automating the processes of collecting and
state of the DSSD at the time of diagnostics, in forwarding information about the control object,
terms of its compliance or non-compliance with its reprocessing and issuing control actions on the
the established requirements. The real indicators control object”.
and characteristics of DSSD can be obtained with The automated control system of these
the help of diagnostic tools (equipment), which technological processes in its structure provides
together form a diagnostic system. Given the need for the use of an automated subsystem of control
to use high-precision specialized measuring and testing, which according to DSTU 2226-93 is
equipment, which should provide continuous designed to “automate the testing of industrial
long-term (hour, day and even week) products and control its performance for
measurements with the formation of large arrays compliance with regulations.”
of real-time measurement data, the task of The generalized structural scheme of the
automating the process of technical diagnostics automated control system of TPP TO of DSSD
becomes one of the most important and urgent with the use of diagnostic results is shown in Fig.
ones. 1. The control process receives feedback through
The current approaches to solving the digital technologies. In this case, from the
problems of quality control and diagnostics of standpoint of information functioning, the control
DSSD at the stages of production, introduction process can be represented as a process of forming
into service and maintenance do not meet modern data that is moved and processed. Therefore, the
requirements for functionality. The existing functional composition of the information part of
technical facilities in Ukraine do not have a the control system of TPP TO of DSSD can be
uniform system for transmitting accurate time represented by the following subsystems:
signals from reference standards and measuring (data collection device), information
consequently cannot meet the requirements of all processing (calculation, storage, decision making
users of frequency-time information [9]; recent and formation of control actions) and
publications pay attention to the topical study of transmission.
new solutions for the transfer of time scales using
IP technologies [1-5, 9-12], the measurement of
time characteristics of clock signals and the
diagnosis of DSSD.
2. Principles of building an
automated system for the
diagnostics of synchronization
devices
According to the results of the analysis of
technological processes of production and Figure 1: Generalized structure diagram of the
technical operation (TPP TO) of DSSD, it is
automated process control system TPP TO of
established that the formation of clock signals
with the specified accuracy and reliability is DSSD
impossible without the use of automated control
of signal quality and diagnostics of the state of The analysis of the process of diagnosing
devices and synchronization system as a whole [1- DSSD under the conditions of their production
12]. In the regulatory document on technical and technical operation based on the system
information protection [13], the automated system approach determines the expediency of using
is defined as the “organizational and technical multichannel monitoring technology, which
system implementing the information technology provides multiple productivity of the diagnostic
and uniting the computer system, the physical process and increases the reliability of data
environment, personnel and the information that analysis results used to make decisions on TPP
TO technological process parameters [2, 3, 8, 10]. that “is a measure of the τ time interval, which
The multiple constitutive elements of an begins at time t, for the studied signal (provided
automated diagnostic system are sensors, which that there is an ideal reference signal)” [15], and
are measuring transducers that convert physical the time function Т(t) is determined by the
quantities into digital electrical signals [14]. This complete phase Р(t) for the nominal value of the
is due to the fact that the technology of multi- frequency н of the DSSD signal out of the
channel monitoring is based on the use of sensors equation:
(hardware), geographically distributed by objects, Рt . (3)
that perform continuous long-term measurements Т(t )
2н
(days, weeks) of several clock signals. The data
received from the sensors are processed and The next levels of the hierarchy of the process
transmitted via the IP network to the information of diagnosing DSSD should provide calculations
processing facilities where additional processing, of TIErms and MTIE, characteristics of
including statistical processing, is carried out. instantaneous frequency, frequency fluctuations,
Decision-making tools are specific DSSD operating modes.
components of an automated diagnostic system. For example, the MTIE estimate can be made
Being a control unit, they are composed of a for the τ0 sampling period based on the results of
number of specialists and a body of knowledge, N measurements of evenly spaced discrete xi
competence and methods they possess. samples, using the formula [14, 15]:
It is important that, in fact, it is on the basis of MTIE(n 0 ) max ( max xi
1 k N n k i k n
(4)
these sensors that a decision is made on the min xi ),
formation of the necessary control actions. k i k n
Measuring multichannel tools, sensors where n 1,2,..., ( N 1) .
inclusive, have reference oscillators. Reference It is possible to obtain the values of discrete
oscillators (RO) are based on the principle of samples of time interval error ТІЕ measured in the
automatic frequency control of a quartz oscillator time domain by using an adaptive digital phase
with deviation control and adaptive digital phase discriminator (ADPD), which is protected by a
discriminator (ADPD) [15]. GO directly or due to patent of Ukraine for an invention [16]. The
the process of automatic frequency control from ADPD generates a code combination about the
external sources, forms the reference (sample) magnitude of the time interval error of two
time readings, which serve as references for mutually independent clock signals and provides
measuring the time intervals of the controlled the presentation of measurement results in a
DSSD clock signals. digital format. Fig. 2 shows an ADPD circuit
It is scientifically substantiated that containing an input to which a controlled clock
calculations and estimations of DSSD signal is applied (Input 1) and an input to which a
characteristics need to be carried out on the basis reference signal is applied (Input 2) [17]. К-inputs
of directly measured in time domain discrete of the pre-installation of the impulse counter
samples of an error of time which form the basic, (numbered as 1…k), are К digital inputs of the
first level [14]. ADPD pre-installation. The digital outputs of the
In case of time error measurement at τ interval, sensor, which form a code combination that
starting from the t moment, time interval error corresponds to the error of the time interval
function ТІЕt(τ) is used, which has the following between signals, are the n-outputs of ADPD
mathematical definition: (numbered as 1… n).
ТІЕ t ( ) ТI t ( ) ТIОП ( )
Т(t ) Т(t ) - Т ОП (t ) Т ОП (t )
(1)
Т(t ) Т ОП (t ) -
- Т(t ) Т ОП (t ),
where ТОП(t) – time function of the reference
(sample) signal;
ТІt(τ) – time interval function, which is
determined from the expression:
ТІt ( ) Т(t ) Т(t ) , (2) Figure 2: Structure diagram of adaptive digital
phase discriminator
The multi-channel measuring tools of the
automated diagnostics system have a certain
number of sensors which make it possible to
measure simultaneously the control of several
clock signals. In the process of measurements, the
control of the periodicity, amplitude and shape of
the clock signals is performed. The results of these
processes, presented in digital format, are
processed by a microcontroller and transmitted in
text format using IP technology.
The principles of construction of multichannel
measuring tools make it possible to classify their Figure 3: Visualization of the measurements
implementation as intelligent sensors that work on results of TIE controlled clock signals
rather complex algorithms and allow to provide
the device with additional functionalities, such as This example demonstrates the ability of the
signal filtering, adaptation, correction, failure developed software and hardware to provide
detection, reconfiguration of the measuring transmission using IP technology direct and
circuit, etc. independent measurement results of TIE
controlled DSSD clock signals. Automated real-
time data processing with centralized
2.1. The results of implementing accumulation provides the presentation of
measurement results in an operator-friendly
the automated diagnostics system format, which simplifies the diagnostic process
and increases the reliability of decision-making.
The practical implementation of an automated
diagnostic system with a multi-channel meter and 3. Conclusions
the developed P4000winXP software provides the
possibility of simultaneous visualization of the
measurement results of four clock signals. In Based on the results of scientific and
addition to dynamic graphs, the monitor screen innovative project developments and
displays service information (GO mode, experimental research performed within the state
availability and format of controlled clock signals, budget, it can be stated that the created software
etc.), which expands the possibilities for and hardware for automated diagnostics of digital
analyzing the data used by the operator in the signal synchronization devices is the state-of-the-
decision-making process. art system developed in Ukraine. The automated
Figure 3 shows an example of the visualization system can be used effectively to monitor the
of measurement results obtained in real time from timing of clock signals in various sectors of the
four sensors. Text data generated by two sensors country’s economy, as well as to enhance the
selected by the operator is displayed as dynamic information sovereignty, defense and security of
graphs in real time. The figure shows fragments the state.
of the parameters of TIE controlled clock signals
(Channel C0 and Channel C1) of two DSSD, 4. References
which are in different modes in the observation
time interval from 443 s to 1153 s [14]. In case [1] Koval, V.V. (2017). Conducted
when four clock signals are simultaneously synchronization devices with periodic auto-
connected to the diagnostic system, generated by tuning of telecommunication networks:
the DSSD, the productivity of measurements monograph. K.: TSP “KOMPRYNT” [in
correspondingly increases by four times Ukrainian].
compared to the single-channel version. [2] Koval, V.V., Samkov, O.V., Khudyntsev
M.M. et al. (2018). Automated system of
digital signals synchronization: monograph.
K.: TOV TSP “KOMPRYNT” [in
Ukrainian].
[3] Koval, V.V., Samkov, O.V., Fedorova, N.V.
et al. (2019). Automated quality control of
clock signals formation based on the use of protocols for intelligent power systems with
ІР-technologies: monograph. К.: NUBiP of reduced accident rate. Naukovyy visnyk
Ukraine [in Ukrainian]. Natsionalʹnoho universytetu bioresursiv i
[4] Koval, V.V., Samkov, O.V., Piskun, O.M. et pryrodokorystuvannya Ukrayiny. Seriya
al. (2019). Information system for «Tekhnika ta enerhetyka APK», 242, 41-50
transmission of reference values of the time [in Ukrainian].
scale of integrated electric power networks of [10] Koval, V.V., Kalian, D.O., Samkov, O.V.
SMART-technologies. Visnyk universytetu (2016). Automated system for transmission
«Ukrayina». Seriya «Informatyka, of clock signals using IP networks:
obchyslyuvalʹna tekhnika, kibernetyka». К. monograph. K.: NUBiP of Ukraine [in
(22), 231-239 [in Ukrainian]. Ukrainian].
[5] Ryzhkov A. V. (2006). Frequency and time [11] Baumgartner B., Riesch C., Rudigier M.
in infocommunications of the XXI century. IEEE 1588/PTP: The Future of Time
M .: MAS [in Russian]. Synchronization in the Electric Power
[6] Valerii Koval, Dmytro Kalian, Oleksandr Industry, PAC World Conference 2012,
Osinskiy, Oleksandr Samkov, Mykola Budapest, Hungary, 2012.
Khudyntsev and Vitaliy Lysenko. [12] Jackie Peer, Eric Sagen, Shankar Achanta,
Diagnostics of Time Synchronization Means and Veselin Skendzic. The Future of Time:
of the Integrated Power Grid of SMART Evolving Requirements for Precise Time
Technologies by Using an Optimal Synchronization in the Electric Power
Performance System of Automatic Industry. Presented at the 13th Annual
Frequency Adjustment // 15th International Western Power Delivery Automation
Conference on Advanced Trends in Conference Spokane, Washington, March
Radioelectronics, Telecommunications and 29–31, 2011.
Computer Engineering, TCSET 2020; Lviv- [13] Normative document on Information
Slavske; Ukraine; 25 February 2020 до 29 security and information protection – 1.1-
February 2020/ Conference Proceedings15th 003-99. Terminology for the protection of
International Conference on Advanced information in computer systems from
Trends in Radioelectronics, unauthorized access [in Ukrainian].
Telecommunications and Computer [14] Kalian, D.O. (2020). Automation of the
Engineering (TCSET 2020). 2020. – pp.269- process of quality control of devices for
276. synchronization of digital signals of multi-
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/908858 item production. Extended abstract of
7 candidate’s thesis. Kyiv: NUBiP [in
[7] Projectowanie, badania, i eksploatacja. Tom Ukrainian].
1. Monografia. Dmytro Kalian, Nadiia [15] Breni S. (2003). Synchronization of digital
Kazakova, Boris Kravchenko, Valerii Koval. communication networks. (Trans.). Moscow:
Automated system for Monitoring Mir [in Russian].
Synchronizing precise time signals at [16] Koval, V.V., Kalian, D.O. (2015, Ukraine).
SMART-GRID power plants. – Patent for the invention №113473 Ukraine,
Wydawnictwo naukowe Akademii IPC (2016.01) H 03 D 13/00, H 03 D 3/04
techniczno-humanistycznej w Bielsku- (2006.1). Adaptive digital phase
Bialey. Bielsku-Bialey, Poland. 2019. – discriminator. No. a 201511981, Appl.
P.155-160. 03.12.2015, Publ. information about the
http://www.engineerxxi.ath.eu/book/designi application 10.05.2016, Bull. № 9. Publ.
ng-researches-and-exploitation-2019-vol-1/ Bull. №2, 25/01/2017.
[8] Koval, V.V., Dobrovenko, D.O., Samkov, [17] Dmytro Kalian. Performance-optimal phase-
O.V. et al. (2020). Multichannel monitoring locked system for device of synchronization
of synchronizing signals of measuring and formation of the exact time signal.
systems. Zbirnyk XX Nauk.-prakt. konf. Information and Telecommunication
“Stvorennya ta modernizatsiya ozbroyennya Sciences, Number 1(2018), National
i viysʹkovoyi tekhniky v suchasnykh Technical University of Ukraine “Igor
umovakhʺʺ (p. 16) [in Ukrainian]. Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnik Institute”, P.11-
[9] Velychko, O.M., Koval, V.V., Samkov, O.V. 18.
et al. (2016). Modern time scale transmission http://infotelesc.kpi.ua/article/view/136460