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        <article-title>Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Neural-Symbolic Learning and Reasoning (NeSy)</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Artur d'Avila Garcez</string-name>
          <email>a.garcez@city.ac.uk</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Ernesto Jiménez-Ruiz</string-name>
          <email>ernesto.jimenez-ruiz@city.ac.uk</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>City, University of London</institution>
          ,
          <country country="UK">UK</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>SIRIUS, University of Oslo</institution>
          ,
          <country country="NO">Norway</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>NeSy is the annual meeting of the Neural-Symbolic Learning and Reasoning Association1 and the premier venue for the presentation and discussion of the theory and practice of neuralsymbolic computing systems.2 Since 2005, NeSy has provided an atmosphere for the free exchange of ideas bringing together the community of scientists and practitioners that straddle the line between deep learning and symbolic AI. Neural networks and statistical Machine Learning have obtained industrial relevance in a number of areas from retail to healthcare, achieving state-of-the-art performance at language modelling, speech recognition, graph analytics, image, video and sensor data analysis. Symbolic AI, on the other hand, is challenged by such unstructured data, but is recognised as being in principle transparent, in that reasoned facts from knowledge-bases can be inspected to interpret how decisions follow from input. Neural and symbolic methods also contrast in the problems that they excel at: scene recognition from images appears to be a problem still outside the capabilities of symbolic systems, for example, while neural networks are not yet suficient for industrial-strength complex planning scenarios and deductive reasoning tasks.</p>
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      <title>-</title>
      <p>CEUR
Workshop
Proceedings
• Knowledge representation and reasoning using deep neural networks;
• Symbolic knowledge extraction from neural and statistical learning systems;
• Explainable AI methods, systems and techniques integrating connectionist and
symbolic AI;
• Neural-symbolic cognitive agents;
• Biologically-inspired neuro-symbolic integration;
• Integration of logics and probabilities in neural networks;
• Neural-symbolic methods for structure learning, transfer learning, meta, multi-task and
continual learning, relational learning;
• Novel connectionist systems able to perform traditionally symbolic AI tasks (e.g.
abduction, deduction, out-of-distribution learning);
• Novel symbolic systems able to perform traditionally connectionist tasks (e.g. learning
from unstructured data, distributed learning);
• Applications of neural-symbolic and hybrid systems, including in simulation, finance,
healthcare, robotics, Semantic Web, software engineering, systems engineering,
bioinformatics and visual intelligence.</p>
      <p>NeSy received 21 submissions for peer-review; out of these, 15 papers were accepted for
presentation in the workshop and inclusion within these proceedings. NeSy also featured 3
invited talks:</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>Forough Arabshahi Hannes Leitgeb William Cohen</title>
      <sec id="sec-2-1">
        <title>Organisation</title>
        <sec id="sec-2-1-1">
          <title>Organising Committee</title>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>Artur d’Avila Garcez</title>
      <p>Luis Lamb
Pasquale Minervini
Ernesto Jiménez Ruiz
Danny Silver</p>
      <p>Pranava Madhyastha</p>
      <sec id="sec-3-1">
        <title>Program Chairs</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>Artur d’Avila Garcez Ernesto Jiménez Ruiz</title>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>Facebook Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Google AI</title>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-6">
      <title>City, University of London</title>
      <p>University of Rio Grande do Sul
University College London
City, University of London
Acadia University
City, University of London</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-7">
      <title>City, University of London City, University of London</title>
      <sec id="sec-7-1">
        <title>Local Organisation</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-8">
      <title>Bridget Gundry Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad Stephen Muggleton</title>
      <sec id="sec-8-1">
        <title>Program Committee</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-9">
      <title>Abhilekha Dalal Aaron Eberhart Zhenwei Tang Chenxi Whitehouse</title>
      <sec id="sec-9-1">
        <title>Acknowledgements</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-10">
      <title>Kansas State University Kansas State University University of Toronto City, University of London</title>
      <p>We thank all members of the program committee, additional reviewers, keynote speakers,
authors and local organizers for their eforts. We would also like to acknowledge that the
work of the workshop organisers was greatly simplified by using the EasyChair conference
management system and the CEUR open-access publication service.</p>
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