=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3214/WS5Summaryreport
|storemode=property
|title=Summary Report
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3214/WS5Summaryreport.pdf
|volume=Vol-3214
|authors=Stefano Modafferi,Maria José Nuñez,Francesco Lelli,Davide Dalle Carbonare
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/iesa/ModafferiNLC22
}}
==Summary Report==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3214/WS5Summaryreport.pdf
Artificial Intelligence beyond Efficiency
Stefano Modafferi1, Maria José Nuñez2, Francesco Lelli3 and Davide Dalle Carbonare4
1
University of Southampton, IT Innovation Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
2
AIDIMME Metal-Processing, Furniture, Wood and Packaging Technology Institute, Valencia, Spain
3
Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
4
Engineering Ingegneria Informatica Spa, Padua, Italy
1
Use only Industry 5.0 provides a vision of industry that aims beyond efficiency and productivity as
the sole goals and reinforces the role and the contribution of industry to society. The workshop
presentations were related to drivers, barriers and implications of leveraging the technological
solutions developed in Industry 4.0 taking into account the interoperability to address relevant societal
impacts moving to Industry 5.0 having the human at the center.
Maria José Nuñez introduced the overall agenda and gave the floor to Dr. Francesco Lelli who
introduced the workshop. Afterwards we listen our invited keynote speaker Alessandro Piscioneri
from COMAU explaining his experience about evolution of I4.0 in Industry 5.0, related challenges,
and explanation of some industrial examples/use cases COMAU is developing or already developed.
Before the paper´s presentations the project coordinator of the EFPF project (Workshop sponsor)
speaks about the federated Smart Factory ecosystem with the different pilots scenarios with the
specific solutions addressing interoperability.
Eleven papers have been presented at the workshop:
• “Introducing Building Blocks for Industry 4.0, an analytics application for the federated EFPF
platform”: This paper presents an application that leverage analytic modules for the
manufacturing industry developed as part of the EFPF ecosystem. This approach will allow the
use of data analytics and predictive maintenance methodologies for SMEs.
• “AI Ethics for Industry 5.0 – from principles to practice”: it discusses the new challenges that
Industry 5.0 brings to the way humans are organizing themselves in groups. It also suggests an
ethical framework for AI that can enable the creation of a sustainable society from an
economical and environmental point of view.
• “A practical experience of AI Solution used to improve varnishing process efficiency in
furniture manufacturing”: This paper introduces opportunities and barriers related to the
interoperability of systems where AI techniques are applied. It presents a use case for
improving the efficiency of a varnishing process for flat parts in the furniture-manufacturing
sector. Finding includes the fact that the installation of sensors must be planned with the target
company involving decision makers from innovation, production, and maintenance. In addition,
we need to avoid situations where the maintenance personnel remove these sensors due to
difficulties in opening the machine to perform some routine operation or repair.
• “Industry 5.0 and Sociotechnical Theory: theoretical underpinnings”: This paper discussed why
the Sociotechnical Theory should not be neglected in addressing I5.0. It presents a framework
of reference for manufacturers looking to implement I5.0. In particular, it highlights the
interdependencies between people and technologies and how the EC should apply it to I5.0
driving towards human-centric, resilient, and sustainable manufacturing.
• “Relevance of Visualization and Interaction technologies for Industry 5.0”: it investigates
bidirectional communication channels between humans and machines as key aspects for
generating collaborators instead of competitors. This approach strength the human role of
Industry 5.0 in manufacturing environments.
Proceedings of the Workshop of I-ESA’22, March 23–24, 2022, Valencia, Spain
EMAIL: s.d.modafferi@soton.ac.uk (S. Modafferi); mjnunez@aidimme.es (M.J. Nuñez); F.Lelli@tilburguniversity.edu (F. Lelli)
ORCID: 0000-0003-0428-3194 (S. Modafferi); 0000-0003-1090-5607 (M.J. Nuñez); 0000-0003-1900-9171 (F. Lelli); 0000-0003-4263-
4143 (D. Dalle Carbonare)
© 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.
Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
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• “Teaming.AI: Enabling Human-AI Teaming Intelligence in Manufacturing”: it presents a
teaming framework that structures the interactions between humans and AI systems to
overcome the lack of flexibility as a limiting factor of human-centered AI collaboration. It also
outlines the need of a balance between the practical and the academic work.
• “On Exploring the Possibilities and the Limits of AI for an Interoperable and Empowering
Industry 4.0”: This paper proposes to raise awareness on certain interoperability issues shaping
industry 5.0 to enable a human-centric resilient society. It presents a case study where machine
intelligence perform better then human intelligence and investigate the minimum amount of
data that are needed for implementing such solutions.
• “Artificial Intelligence from Industry 5.0 perspective. Is the technology ready to meet the
challenge?”: Authors introduce the underpinning technologies that Industry 5.0 will require. In
particular they propose the emerging concept of augmented intelligence as the key technology
to transition Industry 4.0 to the fifth industrial revolution.
• “Towards Zero-Defect Manufacturing: Machine Selection through Unsupervised Learning in
the Printing Industry”: This paper addresses Zero Defect Manufacturing as one of the key
concepts of Industry 4.0. This approach is critical in the offset printing industry as a specific
example to reduce the printing defects.
• “Towards Industry 5.0 – A Trustworthy AI Framework for Digital Manufacturing with Humans
in Control”: This paper presents a digital manufacturing platform architecture that extends
Industry 4.0 paradigms as the next ‘revolution’ in industrial domain characterized by three
main elements, human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience – as desired in Industry5.0.
• “On Developing Human Centric Digital Tweens”. This paper present how humans use smart
devices for addressing several different needs. It focusses on the needs of been connected and
advocate that such need is present in every human machine interaction and industry 5.0 is not
an exception.
The workshop concluded with an open discussion on the topic raised by these presentations. The
participants agreed that industry 5.0 is a nice and catchy name for what is the facto an evolution (and
not a revolution) of I4.0. Here we report some of the key point that have been discussed:
• Industrial companies when investing in technological solutions are interested in supporting
solutions that offer a clear investment path. In addition, it is necessary to keep workers in the
loop in order to avoid any resistance to change. With particular focus on “been replaced by
machines” or monitored.
• The need to be concerned not only with Return on Investment (RoI), but with a wider
Prosperity agenda. In particular we should also focus on industry-pull, education skills, and
impact in society.
• For I5.0 to be effective, we should avoid to separate the technological from the social. In other
words, a narrow focus on technological innovation to improve productivity and increase
financial returns fails to adequately account for the wider contexts within which manufacturers
(and all businesses) are embedded. Using Prosperity as a measure of success rather than RoI
provides a more accurate basis on which to make business decisions.
• Industry 5.0, should offer solutions that improve the reliability towards future by offer
something that is tangible and quantifiable by stakeholders.
• Developed solutions should be also analyzed from the point of view of how the proposed
approach impacts in how the tools can affect the human well being.
• In some specific use cases we can register up to 30% absenteeism due to the working
environment. Encourage workers using technologies to help them in repetitive tasks, the worker
must trust more in the technologies and make them aware that there is no danger when they are
monitored, on the contrary, they must trust and be aware that their work can improve and not be
replaced by machines.
As a concluding remark the participants agreed that for the future development of industry 4.0
towards I5.0 industry, academia and society in general should pay more attention to humans when
addressing the future in the manufacturing domain.