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vii
Preface
This volume contains the papers presented at IPS 2022, (10th Italian Workshop on Planning
and Scheduling http://ips2022.istc.cnr.it), RiCeRcA 2022 (RCRA Incontri E Confronti https:
//ricerca2022.wordpress.com) and SPIRIT 2022 (Workshop on Strategies, Prediction, Interaction,
and Reasoning in Italy https://gatti.faculty.polimi.it/spirit22/) Workshops, held within the XXI
Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AI*IA 2022), from November 28
to December 2, 2022.
The aim of the IPS series of workshop is to bring together researchers interested in different
aspects of planning and scheduling, and to introduce new researchers to the community. Al-
though the primary target of IPS workshops is the Italian community of planning and scheduling,
the aim is also to attract an international gathering, fostering contributions and participation
from around the world. In particular, this year, 9 papers were accepted for presentation at
the workshop, involving different authors from Italy and other European countries. Moreover,
this year in conjunction with SPIRIT 2022, we also had an invited talk by Prof. Giuseppe De
Giacomo, a leader in several aspects of AI Planning, from theory to their applications.
The IPS accepted papers mainly focus on Hybrid Systems [1], Symbol Grounding Problem
in Neuro-Symbolic Planning [2], Timeline-based Planning [3], Planning with Qualitative Con-
straints [4], Epistemic Planning [5], online grounding in Unknown Environments [6], on the
use of the Unified Planning Framework [7], on the use of Transformers for Automated Planning
[8] and Real-Time Urban Traffic Routing [9].
The scope of the RiCeRcA workshop is, instead, fostering the cross-fertilisation of ideas
stemming from different areas, proposing benchmarks for new challenging problems, comparing
models and algorithms from an experimental viewpoint, and, in general, comparing different
approaches with respect to efficiency, problem modelling, and ease of development. In particular,
this year 9 papers were accepted for presentation at the workshop, involving different authors
from Italy and other European countries.
The 2022 edition of RiCeRcA accepted papers considering a wide range of combinatorial
problems. In particular, the workshop included works leveraging on ASP techniques to perform
urban traffic optimisation and master surgical scheduling [10, 11]; approaches for the verification
of neural networks [12, 13] and on the projectivity of Markov logic networks [14]; approaches
for model learning [15] and supervisions [16], and exciting discussions around divagrafie [17]
and the importance of declarative AI methods in videogames [18].
The scope of the SPIRIT workshop is gathering the scientific communities on artificial
intelligence, machine learning, theoretical computer science, multi-agent systems, and mi-
croeconomics to promote their integration and contamination. Over the past fifteen years,
researchers in artificial intelligence, machine learning, theoretical computer science, multi-
agent systems, and microeconomics have joined forces to tackle problems involving incentives
and computation. Interestingly, while microeconomics provides computer science with the
basic models, computer science raises crucial questions related to computation and learning
that suggest the study of new models. The result is a synergic integration of all these fields.
Interestingly, the final goal is the provision of rigorous, theoretically-proved methods to deal
References viii
with multiple strategic players. In the last years, these topics have been central in the Artificial
and Machine Learning venues.
The SPIRIT 2022 accepted papers mainly focused algorithmic game theory, coalition formation,
swap equilibria, price of anarchy and stability [19], influence maximization, stochastic probing,
approximation algorithms, online learning [20], formal methods for multi-agent strategic
reasoning [21, 22, 23, 24], including formal methods for the automated mechanism design
and synthesis of strategies [25], formal aspects of attack graphs [26], model checking and
runtime verification for multi-agent systems [27], and tools for the strategic reasoning [28, 27].
Riccardo De Benedictis, Nicola Gatti, Marco Maratea, Andrea Micheli, Aniello Murano, Enrico
Scala, Luciano Serafini, Ivan Serina, Alessandro Umbrico, Mauro Vallati.
Workshops Organizers
References
[1] D. Aineto, E. Onaindia, M. Ramirez, E. Scala, I. Serina, Explaining the behaviour of hybrid
systems with pddl+ planning (extended abstract), in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A
2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[2] A. Barbin, F. Cerutti, A. E. Gerevini, Addressing the symbol grounding problem with
constraints in neuro-symbolic planning, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022
and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[3] R. D. Benedictis, G. Beraldo, A. Cesta, G. Cortellessa, Branching and pruning for timeline-
based planning, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops,
CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[4] L. Bonassi, E. Scala, A. E. Gerevini, Planning with pddl3 qualitative constraints for cost-
optimal solutions through compilation, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and
SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[5] A. Burigana, F. Fabiano, The epistemic planning domain definition language, in: Proceed-
ings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings,
CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[6] L. Lamanna, L. Serafini, A. Saetti, A. Gerevini, P. Traverso, Online grounding of symbolic
planning domains in unknown environments, in: G. Kern-Isberner, G. Lakemeyer, T. Meyer
(Eds.), Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge
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more integrated and flexible fault-tolerant flight path planning system, in: Proceedings
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CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[8] L. Serina, M. Chiari, A. E. Gerevini, L. Putelli, I. Serina, A preliminary study on bert applied
References ix
to automated planning, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22
Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[9] M. Vallati, L. Chrpa, Effective real-time urban traffic routing: An automated planning
approach, in: 7th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent
Transportation Systems, MT-ITS 2021, Heraklion, Greece, June 16-17, 2021, IEEE, 2021, pp.
1–6. doi:10.1109/MT-ITS49943.2021.9529329.
[10] M. Cardellini, An ASP framework for efficient urban traffic optimization, in: Y. Lierler,
J. F. Morales, C. Dodaro, V. Dahl, M. Gebser, T. Tekle (Eds.), Proceedings 38th International
Conference on Logic Programming, ICLP 2022 Technical Communications / Doctoral
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217–227.
[11] L. Cadermatori, G. Galatà, C. L. Monaco, M. Maratea, M. Mochi, M. Schouten, An asp-
based approach to master surgical scheduling, in: R. Calegari, G. Ciatto, A. Omicini (Eds.),
Proceedings of the 37th Italian Conference on Computational Logic, Bologna, Italy, June
29 - July 1, 2022, volume 3204 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022, pp.
313–328.
[12] R. Eramo, T. Fanni, D. Guidotti, L. Pandolfo, L. Pulina, K. Zedda, Verification of neural
networks: Challenges and perspectives in the aidoart project, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022,
R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org,
2022.
[13] D. Guidotti, Verification of neural networks for safety and security-critical domains, in:
Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop
Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[14] S. Malhotra, L. Serafini, On projectivity in markov logic networks, CoRR abs/2204.04009
(2022). URL: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2204.04009. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2204.04009.
[15] T. Campari, L. Lamanna, P. Traverso, L. Serafini, L. Ballan, Online learning of reusable
abstract models for object goal navigation, in: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision
and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2022, New Orleans, LA, USA, June 18-24, 2022, IEEE, 2022,
pp. 14850–14859.
[16] G. Apriceno, A. Passerini, L. Serafini, A neuro-symbolic approach for real-world event
recognition from weak supervision, in: A. Artikis, R. Posenato, S. Tonetta (Eds.), 29th Inter-
national Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning, TIME 2022, November
7-9, 2022, Virtual Conference, volume 247 of LIPIcs, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2022, pp. 12:1–12:19.
[17] L. Pandolfo, L. Cardone, L. Cutzu, B. Seligardi, G. Simi, Building the semantic portal of
italian divagrafie, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops,
CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[18] D. Angilica, G. Ianni, F. A. Lisi, L. Pulina, Ai and videogames: a “drosophila” for declarative
methods, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR
Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[19] V. Bilò, G. Monaco, L. Moscardelli, Hedonic games with fixed-size coalitions, in: Proceed-
ings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings,
CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
[20] V. Auletta, D. Ferraioli, C. Vinci, On augmented stochastic submodular optimization: Adap-
References x
tivity, multi-rounds, budgeted, and robustness, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A
2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
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//doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2020.103302. doi:10.1016/j.artint.2020.103302.
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[25] M. Mittelmann, Logics for reasoning about auctions, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022,
R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, CEUR-WS.org,
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[26] D. Catta, J. Leneutre, V. Malvone, Towards a formal verification of attack graphs, in:
Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A 2022 and SPIRIT22 Workshops, CEUR Workshop
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[27] A. Ferrando, V. Malvone, Give me a hand: How to use model checking for multi-agent sys-
tems to help runtime verification and vice versa, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022, R.i.C.e.R.c.A
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[28] A. D. Stasio, Explicit and symbolic approaches for parity games, in: Proceedings of IPS 2022,
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