=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3348/paper1
|storemode=property
|title= Intelligence Web Analysis of Internet Resources of Intangible Digital Cultural Heritage Collections
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3348/paper1.pdf
|volume=Vol-3348
|authors=Viktoriia Dobrovolska,Tetiana Bilushchak,Yuriy Syerov
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/profitai/DobrovolskaBS22
}}
== Intelligence Web Analysis of Internet Resources of Intangible Digital Cultural Heritage Collections==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3348/paper1.pdf
Intelligence Web Analysis of Internet Resources of Intangible
Digital Cultural Heritage Collections
Viktoriia Dobrovolskaa, Тetiana Bilushchakb, Yuriy Syerovb
a National Academy of Managerial Staff of Culture and Arts, 9, Lavrska str., Kyiv, 01015, Ukraine
b
Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandery str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
Abstract
The article on the example of five countries examines digital collections dedicated to
preserving and popularizing intangible cultural heritage in the web information environment,
representing a sufficient number of objects/practices of intangible cultural heritage presented
in multimedia resources. The intelligence web analysis of intangible digital cultural heritage
collections is conduced. It is shown that in the context of marketing and communication
policy, it is rational to use social network platforms and mass media to promote intangible
cultural heritage, encouraging public interest in intangible cultural heritage objects.
Furthermore, taking into account many intangible cultural heritage objects of individual
projects entering the information resources, we can say that popularization of intangible
cultural heritage within the scope of scientific, educational, and entertainment activities, in
particular both in the mass media and social networks, will lead to social interest. As a result,
the nation's identity, awareness, skills, and knowledge will be created. The scientific novelty
of the work consists of expanding ideas for activities aimed at protecting and preserving
intangible cultural heritage at the global and national levels. Analysis of five digital
collections of intangible cultural heritage was analyzed in the web information environment.
Information resources of the hosted intangible cultural heritage digital collections, which
represent Eastern, Western and Northern Europe and act as indicators of interest in society
and are a source of information and a means of popularizing intangible cultural heritage
objects, are considered.
Keywords 1
Intelligence web analysis, intangible cultural heritage, digital collection, Internet,
digitalization, global information space
1. Introduction
Under modern conditions, the ability of culture to change society becomes obvious. Various onsets
of culture, either valuable historical sites, museums, monuments, customs or modern art forms enrich
our daily lives in a various ways. Cultural heritage is an inexhaustible resource of nation, which en-
courages uniting communities that have been separated as a result of tremendous changes and eco-
nomic instability. Creativity, in its turn, contributes to the creation of open, inclusive and pluralistic
societies. Together, heritage and creativity lay foundations for dynamic, innovative and prosperous
societies in which knowledge is of fundamental importance.
In such conditions, the study of global trends and national principles of intangible cultural heritage
protection and preservation acquires noteworthy significance, which determines the relevance of the
presented scientific research.
The objective of the work is to reveal global and national aspects of activities related to the protec-
tion and preservation of intangible cultural heritage and ensuring access for users as well as consider
1 ProfIT AI 2022: 2nd International Workshop of IT-professionals on Artificial Intelligence (ProfIT AI 2022), 02-04.12.2022, Łódź, Poland
EMAIL: vika_dobrovolska@ukr.net (V. Dobrovolska); tetiana.m.bilushchak@lpnu.ua (T. Bilushchak); yurii.o.sierov@lpnu.ua (Yu. Syerov)
ORCID: 0000-0002-0927-1179 (V. Dobrovolska); 0000-0001-5308-1674 (T. Bilushchak); 0000-0002-5293-4791 (Yu. Syerov)
© 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.
Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org)
digital collections dedicated to preservation and popularization of intangible cultural heritage in the
web-based information environment.
The research methodology consists in applying the general scientific and special methods, in
particular the system approach, analysis, synthesis, logical method, method of research results
visualization. Methods of content analysis, comparative and analytical monitoring of Internet
resources for preservation of intangible cultural heritage were used to track the state of digital
collections in the web information environment.
2. Related Work
Separate aspects of the study of intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine protection and determina-
tion of the important role played by libraries, in particular in its documentation, research, preserva-
tion, popularization and creation of the knowledge of society are considered in scientific works [1-4].
Research of intangible cultural heritage presentation on the Internet can also be taken from foreign
experience. In particular, M. T. Artese and I. Gagliardi presented a cataloging card of intangible cul-
tural heritage on the Internet for its inventory, developed within the framework of the Italian-Swiss
border cooperation project and an analysis of its integration with an archival database (Lombardy).
Such a project enabled obtaining a data structure containing an inventory and a detailed catalog of
intangible objects [5]. In his work, M. Ziku discusses open data standards and considers the possibil-
ity of using software platforms for semantically based digital documentation of intangible cultural
heritage by archival, library, and museum institutions [6] and cyber security issues [7-9] are actual for
digitalization era [10, 11]. Methods of protecting intangible cultural heritage in the era of technologi-
cal progress [12-14], particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, were considered in his research by
Afolasade A. Adewumi [15]. A team of scientists from the University of Morocco considers the con-
cept of communication in social networks as a successful marketing strategy for the promotion of
intangible cultural heritage [16] and web project management [17, 18]. Another relevant study was
conducted by French scientists, who considered the presentation of intangible cultural heritage in the
Instagram social network in the context of promoting the development of tourism [19].
To provide the culture with a worthy place in developing strategies and mechanisms, UNESCO
works in several directions. In particular, it leads a global campaign in support of culture and devel-
opment, and cooperates with the international community to develop and implement a clear policy
and legal framework in this field. The conducts work on the ground, assisting governments and inter-
ested parties of regional significance concerning heritage preservation, developing creative industries,
and promoting pluralism in culture.
Considering the growing danger of losing valuable information that defines the world knowledge
heritage, identity, history, and values of humanity, UNESCO seeks to increase the attention of gov-
ernments, relevant institutions, and the general public to the importance of preserving information for
present and future generations. Documentary heritage is the memory of humanity. Still, there is a
constant threat of its disappearance forever.
The first and most urgent need is to preserve the documentary heritage of world importance. It is
also essential to make it available to as many people as possible using the most appropriate technolo-
gies. Therefore, UNESCO takes measures to protect documentary and audiovisual heritage with the
help of the "Memory of the World" program, the essence of which is based on the fact that the world's
documentary heritage belongs to everyone. It should be fully preserved, protected, and accessible to
everyone without any obstacles.
Various forms of intangible cultural heritage constitute enormous wealth. It is known that it is also
called "live heritage," which includes customs, knowledge, and skills passed on from generation to
generation.
The 2003 UNESCO Convention on the National Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
aims to preserve these assets, ensure their viability and create conditions for their full potential in the
interests of sustainable development. UNESCO's activities in this field aim to support member states
worldwide, promote international cooperation in the protection of live heritage and create an institu-
tional and professional environment conducive to the protection of intangible heritage [20].
The objectives of this Convention include the protection of intangible cultural heritage; ensuring
respect for the cultural heritage of relevant communities, groups, and individuals; increasing the level
of knowledge about the importance of intangible cultural heritage and its mutual recognition at the
local, national, and international levels; international cooperation and assistance [20].
Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is defined as customs, forms of display and expression,
knowledge and skills, as well as related tools, objects, artifacts, and cultural spaces recognized by
communities, groups, and, in some cases, individuals as part of their cultural heritage. This intangible
cultural heritage, transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly reproduced by communities
and groups under the influence of the environment and their surroundings, interaction with nature and
history, and forms their sense of identity and continuity, thereby promoting respect for cultural diver-
sity and human creativity. Only intangible cultural heritage compatible with current international hu-
man rights law, with mutual respect between communities, groups, and individuals, and with sustain-
able development is included in the scope of this Convention. Intangible cultural heritage functions, in
particular, in the following areas: oral traditions and forms of expression, in particular in language as
a means of communication of intangible cultural heritage keepers; performing arts; customs, ceremo-
nies, holidays; knowledge and practice related to nature and the universe; knowledge and skills related
to traditional crafts (Fig. 1.).
Figure 1: Component structure of intangible cultural heritage
Though fragile, intangible cultural heritage is nevertheless essential in preserving cultural diversity
in growing globalization. Understanding the intangible cultural heritage of different communities
promotes intercultural dialogue and mutual respect for other ways of life. Intangible cultural heritage
is not a direct cultural expression but a wealth of knowledge and skills transmitted through it from
generation to generation. This knowledge transfer's social and economic value is relevant for minority
groups and significant social groups within the state.
Intangible cultural heritage is inherited from traditions of the past and contemporary rural and ur-
ban practices involving diverse cultural groups. Intangible cultural heritage does not question whether
certain practices are culture-specific. It promotes social cohesion by encouraging a sense of identity
and responsibility that helps people feel part of one or different communities or society in general.
Intangible cultural heritage is not only valued as a cultural asset. It develops in communities and de-
pends on those whose knowledge of traditions, skills and customs is passed on from generation to
generation. Intangible cultural heritage can be property only when it is recognized by the communi-
ties, groups or individuals who create, maintain and transmit it; without their recognition, no one else
can decide for them whether an expression or practice of their heritage is [21].
Having joined the UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
in 2008 (Law of Ukraine on 06.03.2008 No. 132 "On the Accession of Ukraine to the Convention on
the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage"), Ukraine must fulfill all obligations arising
from its provisions. The Convention proclaims the importance of intangible cultural heritage as the
primary source of cultural diversity, which is also emphasized in the UN Recommendations on the
preservation of traditional culture and folklore [22]. The Ukrainian Center for Cultural Studies (here-
inafter referred to as the Ukrainian Center for Cultural Studies) was designated as an institution for
the implementation of the provisions of the Convention, and the National List of Elements of Intangi-
ble Cultural Heritage was formed.
In 2012, the Order of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine on 14.12.2012 No. 1521 "On the approval
of the sample form of the registration card of the object (element) of the intangible cultural heritage of
Ukraine and the definition of the objects of the intangible cultural heritage" started maintaining the
list of elements of the intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine. However, the National List of Elements
of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine was officially created by the Order of the Ministry of
Culture of Ukraine dated February 12, 2018 No. 105 "On the Approval of the National List of Ele-
ments of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine", an appendix to which is actually the National
List. New elements of the National Cultural Heritage of Ukraine are included in the National List
based on the recommendations of the Expert Council on Intangible Cultural Heritage, which operates
under the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, by amending the Appendix to the
Order. As of September 1, 2021, Ukraine's National List of Elements of the Intangible Cultural Herit-
age includes 26 elements of the ICH [22].
The inclusion of elements in the National List is carried out following the Procedure for Maintain-
ing the National List of Elements of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine, as well as based on
the decision of the Expert Council of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine, which includes well-known
folklorists and ethnographers [23]. The procedure defines the mechanism for creating and maintaining
the National List of Elements of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine, a state information sys-
tem that ensures collection, accumulation, processing, protection, accounting and access to infor-
mation on the elements of intangible cultural heritage available on the territory of Ukraine for their
protection. The national list is formed based on the information contained in the registration card of
the ICH element, auxiliary materials that record and demonstrate the ICH element (audio, photo, and
video materials stored on separate electronic media (optical disk, memory card, flash drive hard disk)
[24].
An ICH element included in the National List must meet the following criteria:
• represent at least one branch of the ICH defined by the Convention;
• reproduce traditional Ukrainian culture or traditional cultures of national minorities living on
the territory of Ukraine;
• be recognized by communities or a group of persons as their ICH;
• go through the process of passing on from generation to generation on the date of submission
of the petition for its inclusion in the National List;
• be applied in practice (to function) on the date of submission of the petition for its inclusion in
the National List.
Intangible cultural heritage is traditions that have been formed over many centuries. They have no
clear date of initiation, but they make it possible to observe the stages of the ethnocultures develop-
ment and their influence on the development of Ukrainian culture over the centuries. To implement
the Convention, the UCCR has been given the appropriate powers to provide scientific and methodo-
logical support to implement the Convention in Ukraine.
3. Analysis of the foreign experience of presenting digital collections of
intangible cultural heritage
Let's consider digital collections in the example of the four countries dedicated to preserving and
popularizing intangible cultural heritage in the web information environment.
In 2002 development of the National Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Bulgaria began,
and in 2008 the "Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria" National System was launched [25]. Represent-
atives and experts from the Ministry of Culture of Bulgaria and the Institute of Folklore of the Bulgar-
ian Academy of Sciences participated in this project. The "Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria" in-
formation resource contains a division of intangible cultural heritage into six categories, similar to
those defined in Article 2.2 of the 2003 UNESCO Convention. However, this division was applied to
the inherent national Bulgarian intangible cultural heritage: traditional holidays and ceremonies; tradi-
tional songs and instrumental compositions, folk dances and games for children; oral tradition; tradi-
tional works of sculpture and products of domestic production; folk medicine.
It is also worth noting that each category is divided into subcategories. For example traditional cel-
ebrations of family rites are divided into birth rites, wedding rites, and funeral rites. The Digital col-
lection contains descriptive text and 378 images describing cultural practices.
In accordance with the provisions of the 2003 Convention, since 2008 France has created its own
inventory of intangible cultural heritage to identify all elements of intangible cultural heritage located
on its territory. In 2017, a platform called PCI-Lab - L'Inventaire du Patrimoine culturel immatériel en
France was created for the French inventory of intangible cultural heritage [26]. The PCI-Lab project
was developed and implemented by CIRDOC - Institut Occitan de Cultura ethnopole under the direc-
tion of the Department of Research Management and Scientific Policy of the Ministry of Culture
(General Directorate of Heritage) to promote research and encourage the popularization of intangible
cultural heritage that web 3.0 offers today. The project aims to facilitate access to the French intangi-
ble cultural heritage inventory for any interested audience. To promote intangible cultural heritage,
PCI Lab uses data from the open data platform, the online encyclopedia Wikipedia, to enrich the da-
tabase (thematic queries, interactive cartography, visualization of related videos, etc.) helpful in find-
ing inventory records. To do this, each element inventoried by the Ministry of Culture must corre-
spond to the content of data specific for Wikipedia. As a result, the Wikipedia database directly en-
riches the Pci Lab, which uses it as a thesaurus for indexing inventory entries.
After their confirmation by the Ministry of Culture, all the inventory sheets that have been inte-
grated into the national inventory of intangible cultural heritage in France are evaluated in PciLab. A
significant part of inventory sheets are accompanied by multimedia content (photos, video and/or
audio).
Digital collection contains a correspondingly detailed description (textual content), 110 videos,
and approximately 501 images describing cultural practices; material elements related to practice,
technical data; bibliographical elements; training modes and practice transfer.
In 2013, Finland ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Intangible Cultural Heritage Preserva-
tion, and in 2016, as a part of the Convention implementation, the Finnish National Council of Antiq-
uities launched the "Wiki-inventory for living heritage" project [27]. The "Wiki-inventory for living
heritage" project was developed and implemented by the Cultural Heritage Agency of Finland, an
expert agency under the Ministry of Education and Culture of Finland and with the members of the
Finnish Wiki community in consultation with heritage communities. This project allows different
groups, associations, and communities to present and promote intangible cultural heritage in nine
categories. Any community can report to the Wiki-inventory about phenomena that it regards as in-
tangible cultural heritage, but the National Council of Antiquities checks and moderates the notices.
The Cultural Heritage Agency of Finland recommends intangible cultural heritage practices to be
included in the National Register of Living Heritage, but the final decision rests with the Ministry of
Education and Culture of Finland. Elements included in the national living heritage cadastre can be
nominated for inclusion in the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Digital collection contains a correspondingly detailed description (textual content), approximately
308 images describing cultural practices, bibliography and links to external sources of information;
practicing tradition; background and history of the tradition, and image metadata.
Thus, from the two analyzed above projects, which are implemented with the help of wiki technol-
ogies, we can conclude that Wikipedia is considered an important global social and information ser-
vice designed to reflect social and cultural events on both a global and national scale [28] and is a
particularly effective channel to popularize data on intangible cultural heritage.
In 2011, Poland ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Her-
itage, and in 2012 the portal "Niematerialne Dziedzictwo Kulturowe" [29] operated by the National
Heritage Institute. On the portal, you can find information about current activities, initiatives, and
projects related to the living intangible heritage of Poland [29].
An essential aspect of the website is the systematically updated National List of Intangible Cultural
Heritage, a list of living intangible heritage in Poland. Users can download an application template on
the website and instructions to help them complete it.
The Digital collection contains a correspondingly detailed description of the practice (textual con-
tent) and approximately 69 images describing cultural practices.
Based on the above-mentioned digital collections of intangible cultural heritage in the web infor-
mation environment, we will characterize according to the established criteria (Tab. 1.).
Table 1
Characteristics of presentation of intangible cultural heritage to the web information environment
Multi Additional
Presence
- Accompanying features of the
Country Project name in social
medi documentation information
networks
a resource
Bulgaria Living Human - +/-/- Photos from the National -
Treasures – Center for Collecting and
Bulgaria Archiving Bulgarian
Folklore at the Institute of
Folklore of the BS, Ss.
Cyril and Methodius
National Library, National
Archives, personal
collections
France PciLab - +/+/+ Collection of printed Interactive map;
works of a certain field of the advantage of
knowledge, electronic this project is the
resources of library and use of a semantic
museum funds; network. Data
structured
Internet resources
concerning Wiki-
data
Finland Wiki-inventory Facebook +/-/- A set of printed works of Using a project
for living (1.6 a certain field of based on
heritage thousand) knowledge; electronic MediaWiki
resources of archival, software
YouTube
library, and museum
(92,678
funds; Internet resources;
views,
Video recordings of TV
227subscri-
program websites and
bers)
audio recordings of radio
program websites
Poland Niematerialne - +/-/- Reading room -
Dziedzictwo electronic editions
Kulturowe of intangible
cultural heritage
As can be seen from the characteristics of the four analyzed digital collections of intangible cultur-
al heritage, only one information resource is present in social networks - "Wiki-inventory for living
heritage". In "Niematerialne Dziedzictwo Kulturowe" when describing lists of intangible cultural
heritage, no bibliography is indicated. Still, in the "Reading Hall" section, there is a list of electronic
publications related to intangible cultural heritage. In "Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria," there are
no additional features on the information resource.
4. Intelligence Web Analysis of the Ukrainian experience of presenting digital
collections of intangible cultural heritage
Identification, research, and dissemination of information on the elements of the intangible cultural
heritage of Ukraine are key to fulfilling the obligations within the Convention implementation frame-
work. The Ministry of Culture approved the sample form of the accounting registration card of intan-
gible cultural heritage elements. However, this is insufficient to ensure a complete account of intangi-
ble cultural heritage elements. It is necessary to develop methodological recommendations for prepar-
ing and executing documents regarding the inclusion of the intangible cultural heritage elements of
Ukraine into the UNESCO lists [23]. Besides, a draft of the Law of Ukraine "On Intangible Cultural
Heritage" has been developed, which is currently being finalized by the Expert Council of the Minis-
try of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine [22].
The two projects, namely "Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine" (2018)
and "Authentic Ukraine: Intangible Cultural Heritage" (2019), became an essential step for populariz-
ing the cultural traditions of Ukraine, i.e., preservation of knowledge, methods, techniques, skills that
are extremely important for the further spread and development of these traditions. Within the frame-
work of the "Virtual Museum of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine" project, a heritage of
Ukrainian culture was researched, recreated, and represented. Its elements are included in the National
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The Virtual Museum of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine
has a Facebook page [30]. It is known that a museum's mission is to preserve and pass on knowledge,
to expand possibilities of cultural diversity perception, and to teach people to respect it. The main goal
of the virtual museum is to reproduce and present the intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine in a
modern and accessible form as well as to increase the number of persons interested in getting ac-
quainted with the cultural heritage of our people and studying traditions, which will mainly contribute
to the formation of a unified cultural space of Ukraine [22].
On the virtual museum website [22], people can familiarize themselves with the elements of intan-
gible cultural heritage included in the National List of Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage of
Ukraine, with the winning elements of the "Living Tradition" contest. The museum exposition con-
tains a huge number of photo and video illustrations, with a meaningful story added to each of the
elements, which highlights the general characteristics of the element, tells about the history of the
element, its carriers, and traditions, and measures for revival, preservation, and popularization. One of
the sections of the museum offers educational entertainment: puzzles, crosswords, and coloring pages,
which will be useful to teachers and beginners who are interested in one or another direction of folk
art. The uniqueness of the museum lies in the combination of existing cultural and research initiatives,
promotion of maximum dissemination of knowledge about the traditional culture of Ukrainians, crea-
tion of a precedent for the introduction of a modern accounting format of intangible cultural heritage
objects according to the cluster (regional) methodology [22].
The Domain analysis (see Fig. 2) of the information resource of the Virtual Museum of the Intan-
gible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine [22] using Semrush service [31] shows a general view of metrics
and performance trends compared to last month.
Figure 2: Domain analysis of information resource of Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Ukraine
Fig 3 represents estimations of any website's desktop and mobile traffic of information resource of
the Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine based on SEMrush's proprietary
AI [31] and machine learning algorithms, petabytes of clickstream data, and Big Data technologies.
Figure 3: Traffic Analytics of information resource of Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Ukraine
Figure 4 shows the main keywords that perform best for information resource of the Virtual Muse-
um of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine rivals and uncover new means of getting this in-
formation resource on SERP [31] and monitoring position changes trend.
Figure 4: Organic Keywords Analytics of information resource of Virtual Museum of the Intangible
Cultural Heritage of Ukraine
Organic keywords in the period October 16, 2022 – November 15, 2022, are the following key-
words: "цікаві факти про українську мову / interesting facts about the Ukrainian language" (posi-
tion -11, volume -1,900, traffic - 26.59%), "свята/ holidays" (position - 55, volume -12,100, traffic -
18.01%), "юнеско / UNESCO" (position -55, volume - 9,900, "traffic" - 14.74%), and "цікаві факти
про мову / interesting facts about the language" (position -11, volume -390, traffic - 5.44%).
The report plot of the root domain's backlink network of an information resource of the Virtual
Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine is shown in Fig.5. This data [31] helps evalu-
ate the domain's backlink profile by monitoring the growth and quality of its referring domains, and
observe the trend of referring domains linking to an analyzed domain.
Figure 5: Referring Domains Analytics for last 12 months of information resource of Virtual Museum
of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine
According to the report plots (Fig. 6), the domain's backlink network of an information resource of
Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine is 12% of relevant domains to the
domain of information resource of Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.
Figure 6: Network Graph- report plots the domain's backlink network of an information resource of
the Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine
In Figure 6 shows domains in green color are niche relevant. The backlinks are beneficial for rank-
ings of an information resource of the Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.
The "Authentic Ukraine" project was created by order of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine and
with the support of Google Ukraine. The project "Authentic Ukraine: Intangible Cultural Heritage"
[32] is a unique virtual space containing a collection of authentic audio and visual examples of
Ukrainian identity.
One of the project's goals is to preserve and popularize Ukraine's cultural and historical heritage.
Due to the "Authentic Ukraine" website, any user, both in Ukraine and abroad, can discover the beau-
ty and diversity of the cultural heritage of different regions of Ukraine.
The "Authentic Ukraine" platform consists of two parts: "Tangible cultural heritage," represented
by virtual tours, and "Intangible cultural heritage," which contains five sections:
• The section "Oral traditions and forms of expression" is dedicated to lullabies, fairy tales and
legends, riddles, carols (koliadky/shchedrivky), and many other exhibits of folklore and
language. This section covers the history of folklore. Here one can find out why folk
creativity is considered "oral" and get acquainted with the most bright examples of the
Ukrainian folk epic.
• The "Performing Arts" section contains information about Ukrainian singing, dancing, folk
drama, and games.
• The third division is devoted to customs, rites, and celebrations.
• In the "Knowledge and practices related to nature and the universe" section, the traditions,
customs, rites, and practices that made up the household culture of the Ukrainian people and
personified their knowledge about the surrounding world are described.
• The "Traditional crafts" section tells about Ukrainian crafts, particularly pottery, painting,
weaving, embroidery, carving, wickerwork, blacksmithing, toy making, and pysanka making.
The site provides an opportunity to add and expand information content; here, users can find the
author's descriptive texts, audio and video materials, illustrations, 3D images, and virtual tours. In-
formation is available in Ukrainian and English.
Its educational component is an essential part of the "Authentic Ukraine" project. At the end of
each chapter, there are interactive tests that teachers can use during the educational process, which
makes the platform a bright and convenient tool for educational activities in schools and state institu-
tions [32].
Based on the above-mentioned digital collections of intangible cultural heritage in the Ukrainian
web information environment, we will perform a characterization according to the established criteria
(Tab. 2).
Table 2
Characteristics of presentation of intangible cultural heritage in the Ukrainian web information
environment
Additional
Presence in
Project Multimedia Accompanying features of
Country social
name resources documentation information
networks
resource
Ukraine Virtual Facebook +/-/+ Collection of Interactive map;
museum printed works of a placement of
576 people
of certain field of cognitive
are following
intangible knowledge, entertainment
cultural electronic (composing
heritage resources of library puzzles, solving a
of Ukraine and museum crossword based
funds; Internet on viewing/
resources studying the
exhibits of the
virtual museum)
Ukraine Authentic YouTube +/+/+ Collection of Created with the
Ukraine: printed works of a support of Google
Authentic
Intangible certain field of Ukraine; contains
Ukraine
cultural knowledge, 3D Google maps;
heritage 498 people electronic placement of tests
are following resources of library as a test of
and museum knowledge of the
funds; Internet traditions of the
resources Ukrainian people
As can be seen from Table 2, digital collections representing intangible cultural heritage have their
representations in social networks. When describing digital collections, information resources include
a bibliography and additional features such as interactive maps, placement of tests, and 3D tours.
Investigating the aspects of intangible cultural heritage preservation and popularization, the ques-
tion of users' interest in learning about intangible cultural heritage arises. Users' interest in the intan-
gible cultural heritage of Ukraine can be traced with the help of statistics of views on Wikipedia as the
most popular encyclopedia in the world for the "Intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine" query
(Tab.3).
Table 3
Statistics of "Intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine" views in Wikipedia from March 2018 to July
2022
Minimum
Research time Number of The maximum number of
number of views Editing
range views per year views per month
per month
532 93 (November) 24 (April) 4
March 2018 -
December 2018
885 113 (December) 47 (January); 1
January 2019 -
48 (August)
December 2019
1686 332 76 (March); 9
January 2020 -
(December) 76 (June);
December 2020
74 (August)
5156 679 (December) 208 (July) 7
January 2021 -
December 2021
3280 988 220 (March) 3
January 2022 -
(December)
July 2022
As we can see from Table 3, beginning in March 2018, the interest of Internet users is noticeably
increasing. During all the years, the trend of a maximum number of views is obvious in December-
November. In our opinion, such annual bursts of views on the request of "Intangible cultural heritage
of Ukraine" in Wikipedia are caused by the upcoming New Year and Christmas holidays, which cause
to satisfy the Internet users' requests in search of customs, rites, and celebrations of the calendar cycle.
Figure 7: Viewing users of the "Intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine" page in Wikipedia in 2022 per
each month.
We will separately consider the year 2022 until July (Fig. 7). As we can see from the figure, since
January, there has been a tendency towards a possible increase in views of the "Intangible cultural
heritage of Ukraine" in Wikipedia every month. However, on February 24, 2022, Russia launched a
large-scale invasion of Ukraine, destructive in all possible directions: military and civilian casualties,
environmental crimes, and destruction of the Ukrainian cultural heritage. Eradication of the language
and culture became the primary goal of the war started by Russia. The Russian military forces de-
stroyed infrastructure under the pretext of fighting Nazism and ruined cultural heritage.
In the first month of the war, we observe a sharp drop in views, which is accompanied by the peo-
ple staying in bomb shelters from missile strikes and the volunteer movement of Ukrainian society.
From the following data, we observe an increase in interest in Wikipedia's "Intangible cultural her-
itage of Ukraine" page. We also note that in July, there was a surge and growth to 988 views by
unique users of this page, which is the highest number of views for all the previous years. It is also
worth noting that the "Intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine" page on Wikipedia has not been re-
viewed in foreign languages since March 2022. In our opinion, the Russian invasion of Ukraine
caused a great interest of the world community to the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine page on
Wikipedia, and a large number of non-Ukrainian-speaking users made a review, namely 1,514 views
in English and 170 views in Turkish during the period from March to July (inclusive) 2022, and citi-
zens made 3,280 views of Ukraine. This confirms that intangible values acquire a new meaning and
are significant for the world community as a considerable world asset.
In July, the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine issued two orders to supplement
the National List of Elements of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.
5. Analysis of society's interest in objects of the intangible cultural heritage
of five informational recourses representing the five countries of Europe
An assessment of public interest in the objects of the intangible cultural heritage of five resources
from five different countries was carried out. Table 4 shows data on unique visits to resources using
the Site Rank Data service. Data on daily, monthly, and annual visits to the researched resources by
unique users are presented here.
Table 4
Indicators of digital collections visits
Period of Country Annual visi-
Indicator. Re- Daily unique Monthly Annual information Population tors in rela-
searched resource visitors visitors visitors resource for 2020, UN tion to the
operation data population
Virtual museum of 5 097 158 015 1 896 4 43 733 762 0,0434
intangible cultural 180
heritage of Ukraine
Living Human 22 633 701 626 8 419 14 6 948 445 1,2117
Treasures - Bulgar- 512
ia
L'Inventaire du 9 247 286 652 3 439 5 65 273 511 0,0527
Patrimoine culturel 824
immatériel en
France (PCI-Lab )
Wiki-inventory for 8 663 268 552 3 222 6 5 540 720 0,5816
living heritage 624
Period of Country Annual visi-
Indicator. Re- Daily unique Monthly Annual information Population tors in rela-
searched resource visitors visitors visitors resource for 2020, UN tion to the
operation data population
Niematerialne 5 898 182 832 2 193 4 37 846 611 0,0580
Dziedzictwo Kul- 984
turowe
10 308 319 535 3 834
Average studied
425
A comparative intellectual analysis of five information resources (L'Inventaire du Patrimoine cul-
turel immatériel en France (PCI-Lab), Wiki-inventory for living heritage, Niematerialne Dziedzictwo
Kulturowe, Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria, Virtual museum of the intangible cultural heritage of
Ukraine) was carried out using the Semrush service [31].
A graphic representation of the activity of these information resources by month is presented in
Figure 8, and statistics of these five information resources by year are shown in Figure 9.
Figure 8: Intelligence web analysis of five information resources by month using the Semrush service
Figure 9: Intelligence web analysis of five information resources by year using the Semrush service
Figures 10, 11, 12 represent comparative histograms of visits to resources of five intangible cultur-
al heritage objects. Here, the dashed line shows the average visit by unique users to the researched
resources. Fig. 10 represents a comparative histogram of unique daily visits to the resources of five
intangible cultural heritage objects.
Figure 10: Daily unique visitors
Having analyzed Fig. 10 and the data of unique daily visits to resources in Table 4, it can be easily
seen that visitors to the Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria resource chose this resource twice as
often as compared to the average value of all the five investigated intangible cultural heritage sites. At
the same time, visits to the Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine re-
source were twice as low as compared to the average value.
The histogram of unique monthly visits to the resources of the five objects of intangible cultural
heritage is presented in Fig. 11. The same histogram regarding annual visits is shown in Fig. 12.
Figure 11: Monthly visits
Figure 12: Annual visits
The nature of monthly and annual visits and the ratio of all investigated resources of the five in-
tangible cultural heritage sites are preserved. From the average researched, visits to L'Inventaire du
Patrimoine culturel immatériel en France (PCI-Lab) are 19% less, and Wiki-inventory for living
heritage is 16% less. Also, the Niematerialne Dziedzictwo Kulturowe resource was visited 33% less
often than the average value of the studied resources.
The effect of population amount on the number of visits is ambiguous. And we cannot say that the
larger the country's population, the more people visit resources that display information about objects
of intangible cultural heritage. It is so because the resource Living Human Treasures - Bulgaria,
which provides information about objects of the intangible cultural heritage of Iceland, was visited
daily by one out of three hundred citizens. And the Virtual Museum of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Ukraine is seen by approximately every nine thousand unique visitors daily. This raises
the question, at the same time, that popularizing intangible cultural heritage objects and attitude to
one's heritage can affect the number of visits to such resources. Therefore, this study shows that some
resources need to make sufficient efforts for their popularization and fullness of resources.
6. Conclusions
At the current stage of our country's development, joining the European integration processes and striv-
ing for a worthy representation of Ukrainian culture in the world information space are irreversible. Crea-
tion of the Ukrainian people's historical and cultural heritage resource has become one of the activities
directions for libraries, archives, museums, and other institutions related to national memory, an integral
part of the national bibliography, archeography and archival studies, museology of Ukraine in its broad
sense as a resource of national documentary memory. As the study of the considered digital collections
showed, namely on the example of the five countries dedicated to the preservation and popularization of
intangible cultural heritage in the web information environment, an important place is occupied by the
mental attitude of society towards its culture and values built on the legacy of previous generations. An
analysis of interest in daily, monthly, and annual visits to digital collections of five intangible cultural her-
itage sites in five countries of the world was conducted. We believe that in the context of marketing and
communication policy, it is rational to use social network platforms and mass media to popularize intangi-
ble cultural heritage, promoting public interest in intangible cultural heritage objects. The study showed
that the interest in objects of intangible cultural heritage and such objects added to digital collections is
served by a certain surge in society or a particular defining event, which is followed by a re-awareness of
all the values.
Also, taking into account the number of visits to the information resources of intangible cultural
heritage objects of individual projects, we can say that intangible cultural heritage popularization
within the scope of scientific, educational, and entertainment activities, in particular both in the mass
media and social networks, will lead to social interest. As a result, the nation's identity, awareness,
skills and knowledge will be built.
Today, this large-scale work acquires a new quality in connection with the entry of society into the
digital era, when the documentary resource and the corresponding scientific and reference apparatus
are actively integrated into the Ukrainian information space and the world network.
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