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      <title-group>
        <article-title>21st International Workshop SMT 2023 Proceedings</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Italy</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Afiliated with CADE-</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Stéphane Graham-Lengrand</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Mathias Preiner</string-name>
          <email>preiner@cs.stanford.edu</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>SRI International</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>SMT'23: 21st International Workshop on Satisfiability Modulo Theories</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>Stanford University</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p> https://www.csl.sri.com/users/sgl/ (S. Graham-Lengrand); https://cs.stanford.edu/~preiner/ (M. Preiner)</p>
      </abstract>
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    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>The 21st International Workshop on Satisfiability Modulo Theories was held in Rome, Italy,
on July 5th and 6th in association with the International Conference on Automated Deduction
(CADE-29).</p>
      <p>The SMT workshop is an annual event dedicated to Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT).</p>
      <p>Determining the satisfiability of first-order formulas modulo background theories, known
as the Satisfiability Modulo Theories problem, has proved to be an enabling technology for
verification, synthesis, test generation, compiler optimization, scheduling, and other areas.</p>
      <p>The success of SMT techniques depends on the development of both domain-specific decision
procedures for each background theory (e.g., linear arithmetic, the theory of arrays, or the
theory of bit-vectors) and combination methods that allow one to obtain more versatile SMT
tools, usually leveraging Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solvers. These ingredients together make
SMT techniques well-suited for use in larger automated reasoning and verification eforts.</p>
      <p>The aim of the workshop is to bring together researchers and users of SMT tools and
techniques. Relevant topics include but are not limited to:
• Decision procedures and theories of interest
• Combinations of decision procedures
• Novel implementation techniques
• Benchmarks and evaluation methodologies
• Applications and case studies
• Theoretical results</p>
      <p>SMT 2023 featured invited talks by Oded Padon from VMware Research and Michael Whalen
from Amazon, and the presentation of 13 peer-reviewed papers. The workshop received 14
submissions, out of which 13 were accepted. Each submission was reviewed by three program
committee members. Of the 13 accepted submissions, six are published in this volume: three
as original papers, and three as extended abstracts. The remaining seven were submitted to
the workshop for presentation only. For one of them, the authors agreed to include the paper
abstract in this volume.</p>
      <p>We would like to thank the program committee, the subreviewers, the authors, the invited
speakers, the SMT-COMP organizers, workshop participants and the SMT Steering Committee
for their contribution to the workshop. We would further like to thank the CADE organizers
for hosting the workshop, EasyChair for the availability of their conference system, and CEUR
for their help to publish these proceedings.</p>
      <p>SMT 2023 was sponsored by AdaCore and Ethereum Foundation. We are grateful for their
generosity in supporting the workshop.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>Stéphane Graham-Lengrand and Mathias Preiner Co-chairs, SMT 2023</title>
      <p>Program Committee</p>
      <sec id="sec-2-1">
        <title>Program Chairs</title>
        <sec id="sec-2-1-1">
          <title>Stéphane Graham-Lengrand, SRI International</title>
          <p>Mathias Preiner, Stanford University</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-2">
        <title>Program Committee</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>Leonardo Alt, Ethereum Foundation Clark Barrett, Stanford University</title>
      <p>François Bobot, CEA
Martin Brain, City, University of London
Simon Cruanes, Imandra
Rayna Dimitrova, CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security
Bruno Dutertre, Amazon Web Services
Katalin Fazekas, TU Wien
Jochen Hoenicke, Certora
Antti Hyvärinen, Certora
Ahmed Irfan, SRI International
Mikolas Janota, Czech Technical University in Prague
Martin Jonáš, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
Daniela Kaufmann, TU Wien
Aina Niemetz, Stanford University
Andres Noetzli, Cubist Inc
Tanja Schindler, University of Liège
Hans-Jörg Schurr, University of Iowa
Sophie Tourret, INRIA and MPI for Informatics
Yoni Zohar, Bar Ilan University</p>
      <sec id="sec-3-1">
        <title>Subreviewers</title>
        <sec id="sec-3-1-1">
          <title>Hichem Ait El Hara, OCamlPro Thomas Hader, TU Wien</title>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-2">
        <title>Invited Talks</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-3">
        <title>Regular Papers</title>
        <p>Deductive Verification of Distributed Protocols in Decidable Logics . . . . . . . . .</p>
        <p>Oded Padon
SAT and SMT Solving at Cloud Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
        <p>Michael Whalen
Complete Trigger Selection in Satisfiability modulo First Order Theories . . . . . .</p>
        <p>Christopher Lynch and Stephen Miner</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-4">
        <title>Extended Abstracts</title>
        <p>Application of SMT in a Meta-Compiler: A Logic DSL for Specifying Type Systems</p>
        <p>Romain Béguet and Raphaël Amiard
Verifying Models with Dolmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
        <p>Guillaume Bury and François Bobot
Selecting Quantifiers for Instantiation in SMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
        <p>Jan Jakubův, Mikoláš Janota, Bartosz Piotrowski, Jelle Piepenbrock and Andrew</p>
        <p>Reynolds</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-5">
        <title>Presentation-Only Papers (Abstracts)</title>
      </sec>
    </sec>
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