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  <front>
    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A High-Level Framework for Business and Government Requirements Analysis of Detection Technology for Postal and Parcel eCommerce Flows</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Boriana Rukanova</string-name>
          <email>b.d.rukanova@tudelft.nl</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Sharon Sap</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Stefan Bijvoets</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Juha Hintsa</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Männistö</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Yao-Hua Tan</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>CBRA Services</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Belgium</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <string-name>4 Cross-border Research Association, Switzerland</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Delft University of Technology</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="NL">the Netherlands</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>In this paper we present a high-level framework for business and government requirements analysis of detection technology, taking emerging policy developments related to circular economy monitoring into account. The framework was developed in the context of the PARSEC research project on postal and parcel eCommerce flows.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>eCommerce</kwd>
        <kwd>eGovernment</kwd>
        <kwd>detection technology</kwd>
        <kwd>digital infrastructures</kwd>
        <kwd>framework1</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>1. Introduction</title>
      <p>
        Current eGovernment research has paid attention to how governments can benefit from
using business data [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>
        ] and has pointed out the potential of detection technologies for
government for monitoring cross-border flows [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>
        ]. However, so far scanning and detection
technology has received limited attention in the eGovernment literature. In this paper, we
present a high-level framework for business and government requirements analysis of
detection technology for postal and parcel eCommerce Flows.
      </p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>2. Method</title>
      <p>This research is part of the PARSEC project. The framework was constructed based on
earlier research; research on new regulatory developments and project workshops.
0000-0003-0254-5787 (B. Rukanova); 0000-0002-1328-0086 (J. Hintsa); 0000-0002-0019-4752 (T.
Männistö), 0000-0002-5930-5138 (Y.H. Tan)</p>
      <p>© 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>3. The framework</title>
      <p>The framework identifies five high-level perspectives that may be considered when defining
specific requirements and trade-offs for detection technology in a business-government
context: (1) Public concerns and requirements on data and technology; (2) Emerging
policies that may lead to new public concerns; (3) Public/ private partnership; (4) User
point of view; (5) Technology in isolation or as part of the larger ecosystem, also in view of
emerging technologies.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>4. Conclusions</title>
      <p>This paper is a contribution to stimulate scientific discussion in the eGovernment research
community on the topic of detection technology used by businesses and how it can be
used in public-private collaborations.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>Acknowledgements</title>
      <p>This research was partially funded by the PARSEC project, which has received funding
from the European Union’s Horizon Europe programme under the grant
agreement No 101073963. Ideas and opinions expressed by the authors do not
necessarily represent those of all partners.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
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