=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3742/paper15
|storemode=property
|title=Industry 4.0 technologies for smart households
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3742/paper15.pdf
|volume=Vol-3742
|authors=Dmytro Dmytriv,Oleksii Duda,Pavlo Dudkin,Andrii Kryskov,Olga Perenchuk
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/citi2/DmytrivDDKP24
}}
==Industry 4.0 technologies for smart households==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3742/paper15.pdf
Industry 4.0 technologies for smart households
Dmytro Dmytriv1,†, Oleksii Duda1,∗,†, Pavlo Dudkin1,†, Andrii Kryskov1,† and Olga
Perenchuk 1,†
1 Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ruska str., 56, 46001, Ternopil, Ukraine
Abstract
This article studies the use of Industry 4.0 technologies to create smart households. The authors
listed the advantages and challenges of Industry 4.0. It has significant potential for the digital
transformation of both the production and smart households as well. Based on the analysis of the
structure of Industry 4.0, a list of its key technologies was formed. The main goals of a smart
household have been defined and its basic information technology components have been
considered. The technologies of Industry 4.0 for smart households, its components and the
connections between them, in particular, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence and machine
learning, modern computing approaches, augmented and virtual reality have been studied. As a
result, the operations of smart household systems based on Industry 4.0 have been classified. The
systems based on Industry 4.0 for interaction with users and functionality of smart households
have been highlighted separately. By deploying digital solutions based on Industry 4.0
technologies, smart households can form interconnected and efficient infrastructures of a higher
order, including smart locations, smart communities and smart cities.
Keywords
applications, сlassification, industry 4.0, systems, smart households, technologies1
1. Introduction
Over the last period of time, the term "smart" has come to be applied to technologies with
some level of artificial intelligence. An important characteristic of smart technologies is the
ability to collect, process and analyze information from the environment [1]. Smart
technologies have become a key driver of innovative ideas such as smart household
systems. Thanks to the development of cyber-physical systems, IoT devices and digital
services, information exchange processes are growing. This leads to the active development
of smart household technology [2].
Due to the advantages of smart technologies and the needs of the global market, the
interest in the smart household in research and production circles is growing rapidly.
CITI’2024: 2nd International Workshop on Computer Information Technologies in Industry 4.0, June 12–14, 2024,
Ternopil, Ukraine
∗ Corresponding author.
† These authors contributed equally.
dmytrivd75@gmail.com (D. Dmytriv); oleksij.duda@gmail.com (O. Duda); pavlo.dudkin@gmail.com (P.
Dudkin); kryskov.te@gmail.com (A. Kryskov); perenchukolga@gmail.com (O. Perenchuk)
0000-0003-3164-5832 (D. Dmytriv); 0000-0003-2007-1271 (O. Duda); 0000-0003-1517-7119 (P. Dudkin);
0000-0003-1437-4823 (A. Kryskov); 0000-0002-7330-5337 (O. Perenchuk)
© 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
CEUR
ceur-ws.org
Workshop ISSN 1613-0073
Proceedings
Research on smart households is becoming more relevant in the context of Industry 4.0.
This opens up the potential for the development of new technologies and business models,
saving energy and resources, improving people's quality of life in general.
The fourth industrial revolution Industry 4.0 is characterized by the in-depth integration
of digital technologies into various processes [3]. At the same time, automation plays an
important role in digital transformation. It leads to radical changes in the processes of
design, production and operation of industrial and economic systems. In the field of
automation and control, the smart household is a promising area of research and
innovation.
The term "smart household" is not limited exclusively to places of residence. It
encompasses a broader set of technologies for smart homes, living environments, adjacent
premises, and locations [4]. Smart household technologies are integrated into smart
communities, smart cities, smart manufacturing and smart society.
Smart household systems integrate a wide range of information and communication
technologies to create a safe, comfortable, healthy, convenient and energy-efficient living
environment. They offer automated remote control of household appliances and digital
services, providing a higher quality of life [5]. One of the basic functions of smart households
is remote monitoring and control based on cyber-physical systems [6]. At the same time,
IoT devices and communication technologies are used for remote household management.
Users of smart households can remotely control household appliances and perform various
tasks for home and household care. Smart sensors can monitor temperature, humidity and
air composition in residential and commercial premises [7]. Thanks to this, it is possible to
maintain optimal parameters of the atmosphere according to the preferences of residents
or the needs of pets. With smart object detection systems, smart household security systems
provide better security.
Research on smart households based on Industry 4.0 technologies is relevant due to the
active development and spread of digital technologies, increasing requirements for energy
efficiency, safety and comfort. In addition, consumers are more actively interested in
innovative technologies to improve the quality of life. And smart households can integrate
with information and industrial systems of smart locations, smart cities and smart regions
based on Industry 4.0. It enables the automation of energy, resource, goods, product and
service supply processes. Therefore, this article is devoted to the study of Industry 4.0
technologies for smart households. The methods of system analysis, in particular the
analysis of functional requirements and the analysis of the structure of Industry 4.0 and
smart households, its components and the connections between them have been used in the
study under discussion.
2. Industry 4.0: challenges, advantages and technologies
Industry 4.0 is the convergence of the physical and digital worlds in production processes.
This is the fourth industrial revolution, which uses the mass integration of information and
communication technologies (ICT) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in production. At
the same time, data is collected and analyzed in real time to optimize processes, improve
efficiency and make decisions.
Industry 4.0 has significant potential for digital transformation of the production
process. It can make it more efficient, flexible and sustainable. This leads to the creation of
new products, digital services and business models. On the basis of [8], we will form the list
of advantages and challenges of Industry 4.0 presented in Figure 1.
Working
Conditions
Product Adaptability
Quality and
Flexibility
The Need for High Productivity
Highly Qualified implementa- Improvement and
Staff tion costs Efficiency
Social Increasing
New
Job Loss
Industry Products and
Challenges Advantages Digital
Possibility
4.0 Services
Creation
Security Task
Threats Automation
Ethical
Features of Reduction
Using AI Processes
and Services
Cost Remote
Manage-
ment
Damage to the
environment
Figure 1: Industry 4.0 сhallenges and benefits.
Mass integration of ICT and IoT makes it possible to connect a wide range of devices,
sensors, mechanisms, machines and other elements of production to the Internet. Large
data sets and collections are produced in real time. ICT is used to collect, process, analyze
and visualize data. This provides better control of processes and decision-making [9].
Cyber-physical systems (CFS) are used to combine physical components with computer
systems. This makes it possible to create smart machines, locations and factories, to
formation smart digital services. They can independently adapt and quickly respond to
rapid changes in the environment [10]. The artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning
(ML) are used to predict, automate and optimize processes. The core technologies of
Industry 4.0 are presented in Figure 2.
ICT and IoT
Smart
Products and Cyber
Digital Physical
Services Systems
Industry
4.0
Cyber Artificial
Security and Intelligence
Protection and Machine
Learning
Robotics
and Process
Automation
Figure 2: Industry 4.0 core technologies.
This leads to increased productivity and quality of production and smart digital services
[11]. Robotics and process automation are used to perform repetitive, time-consuming or
dangerous tasks. This makes it possible to free people for creative and intellectual work
[12]. The proliferation of IoT and the use of AI/ML is producing new cybersecurity and data
protection threats. It is critical to take effective measures to protect against cyber-attacks,
secure data against unauthorized access or theft [13]. And the development of smart
products and digital services that use the Internet to exchange data with other devices and
systems leads to innovation [14].
At the moment, the concept of Industry 4.0 is actively developing. Innovative approaches
and new technologies are emerging that are actively transforming and changing production
processes. In Ukraine, Industry 4.0 can become a key factor in increasing competitiveness
and economic growth.
3. Concept and benefits of a smart household
A smart household is based on the information technology concept of a smart home. A smart
home is a residence equipped with technologies that enable the automation and control of
various household devices, systems, and processes [4]. Key aims of a smart household are
depicted in Figure 3.
Citizens
Convenience
and Housing
Life Residents
Safety and
and Comfort
Protection
Smart
Household
Aims
Energy
Personalized
Efficiency and
Living
Saving
Environment
Resources
Figure 3: Key aims of a smart household.
A list of main information technology components in a smart household:
• Transmitters and sensors that collect data about the environment, in particular,
humidity, air composition, the presence of solid particles, illumination, movement,
resource consumption, etc [15].
• Actuators control household and household appliances and devices, lighting and
security systems, processes, etc. [16].
• Data storage facilities make it possible to store large and fast-moving sets and
collections of data accumulated as a result of the operation of transducers, sensors
and actuators. Peripheral (EDGE), fog and cloud storages are used for operational
storage of information in smart household systems [17].
• Controllers process data from sensors, make decisions and send commands to
activators [18].
• Analytical tools are used to process, systematize, and analyze the collected data sets
of a smart household [19].
• User interfaces enable residents to control household systems using smartphones,
tablets or personal computers [20].
Smart households have a number of advantages. In particular, they involve:
• the convenience of managing household devices, appliances, and systems using
voice commands, smartphones, or tablets;
• increased energy efficiency of automatic regulation systems for air conditioning,
heating, lighting, supply, and consumption of resources, etc.;
• improved safety characteristics of protection, monitoring, and regulation systems
for the environment, informing, and warning about potential risks and dangers;
• personalization of the processes of adjustment and creation of an individual living
environment according to the preferences and needs of residents;
• saving time by automating typical and routine tasks, such as cleaning and garbage
disposal.
Thanks to this, smart households are becoming more accessible and popular among a
wide range of consumers. With the development of technology and the decrease in the cost
of equipment, they will become an integral part of our lives in the near future. A smart
household is a complex system that must be carefully designed, planned, implemented, and
integrated into smart community or smart city systems.
4. Industry 4.0 technologies for smart households
Industry 4.0 technologies (see Figure 4) make smart households more comfortable, safer,
more economical and more environmentally friendly.
Industry 4.0 has a significant impact on the development of smart households in a
number of key aspects:
• Increasing the connectivity of data collection and storage processes. CPS and IoT
make it possible to connect a wide range of household sensors, appliances and
devices to the Internet. At the same time, large sets and collections of data on the
behavior of residents, energy consumption, the state of the environment, etc. are
being produced.
• Automation of management processes. AI and ML are used for analytical data
processing, decision-making, and task automation in various smart household
systems.
• Personalization and adaptation. Smart household systems based on Industry 4.0 can
dynamically adapt to the individual preferences and needs of residents. At the same
time, the comfort of living conditions increases.
• Energy efficiency and sustainability are ensured through smart systems and digital
services. Such systems can optimize resource consumption processes [21]. At the
same time, harmful emissions and damage to the environment are reduced.
• Industry 4.0 opens up opportunities for the development of innovative information
technology products and digital services of a smart household. At the same time,
virtual assistants based on the Decision Support System (DSS) can be implemented.
Lighting
Adjustment Heating Security
Observation and Air
Regulating the Conditioning
Household State Task
Automation
Physical
and Digital
Collecting Components
Furniture Data Combining
Adaptability
Internet of
Things Respond to
Persona- Cyber Changes
lized Items 3D printing Physical
Creation Systems Sensitivity to
Needs
Energy
Accessories Decor Industry 4.0 efficiency
Technologies Data
in Smart Analysis
Households Decision
Visualization Making
Artificial
Augmented Intelligence
and Virtual and Machine
Reality Learning
Systems
Mana- Decision
gement Making
Virtual Computing Forecas-
Environ- ting the
ments Residents
Creation Needs
EDGE Cloud
computing computing
Fog
computing
Data Storage Services Availability Data Processing
Figure 4: Industry 4.0 technologies in smart households.
Industry 4.0 is constantly developing. At the same time, new technologies are emerging
that can be used to improve smart households.
Modern technologies of Industry 4.0 in smart households require the use of biosensors
[22], [23] in particular, to monitor the health status of the elderly or residents with special
health needs. An important characteristic of various types of biosensors is stability [24],
[25]. The authors of [26] and [27] study the processes of modelling sensor responses. In
addition, in [28] it was used in the planning of measures to increase the ecological and
economic efficiency of the agricultural land use system. Numerical modelling in cyber-
physical biosensor systems [29], [30] is important at the stage of their design.
Smart homes are expected to become more common and affordable shortly. Table 1
presents the classification of operations for smart household systems based on Industry 4.0.
Table 1
Classification of operations for smart household systems based on Industry 4.0
Category System types System designation
Security and Anti-theft systems Video surveillance and recording
monitoring Integration with smart systems
Object detection systems Monitoring the movement of objects
Automatic inclusion
Assistance to people with disabilities
Security systems Sensors at penetration points
Alarm signals on a smartphone
Remote security control
Elderly care systems Identification of falls
Activity monitoring
Resources and Energy management Energy consumption monitoring
energy systems Automatic adjustment
efficiency Use of solar panels and alternative energy
sources
Resource management Observation of resource supply processes
systems Optimization of consumption processes
Waste management Monitoring waste collection and sorting
control systems Optimization of waste removal processes
Availability Assistive technologies for Touch screens
and support people with disabilities Reminders
AR/VR systems Virtual reality therapy
Distance education and training
A significant part of smart household systems can combine the functions of several
categories. For example, image recognition systems can be used both to identify residents
and monitor the activity of the elderly. This makes smart households personalized,
adaptable and flexible. Table 2 presents systems based on Industry 4.0 for user interaction
and functionality in smart households.
Table 2
Systems based on Industry 4.0 for user interaction and functionality in smart households
Category System types System designation
Management Image processing Face recognition
and automation systems Image analysis
Detection of suspicious activities
Child tracking
Pet tracking
Gesture recognition
Creation of automation scenarios
Gesture control systems Contactless control
Application in AR/VR
Accessibility for people with disabilities
Device control Voice control
mechanisms Control using smartphones
Ambient luxury systems Smart lighting
Smart audio
Climate control systems
Aromatization of the air
Convenience and AR/VR systems Games
entertainment Virtual tours
Elderly care systems Drop sensors
Activity monitoring
Safety and assistance when needed
Assistant robots
Telemedicine systems
Medication reminders and important tasks
Cognitive function monitoring systems
Outhouse Management systems Control and regulation of temperature,
systems and for smart commercial humidity, ventilation and lighting
farm buildings premises Equipment condition monitoring
Receiving accident notifications
Homestead Control and regulation of lighting, watering,
management systems fertilization and other resources
Monitoring of soil and plant conditions
Weather and microclimate tracking
Pet care systems Automated food and water dispensing based
on schedule or sensor signal
Electronic door for pets
Animal GPS trackers
Understanding information technology approaches based on Industry 4.0 is very
important for researchers, developers and manufacturers in the field of smart households.
This will make it possible to increase the functionality, efficiency and security of smart
household systems adapted to the different needs of users.
Industry 4.0 is still at an early stage of development. It is expected to continue to develop
in the coming years, offering new opportunities and innovations for the smart home. Smart
households based on Industry 4.0 have the potential to significantly improve our lives,
making them more comfortable, safe, economical and environmentally friendly [31], [32].
5. Conclusions
Industry 4.0 technologies play an important role in the design and implementation of smart
households. They integrate IoT devices and cyber-physical systems, artificial intelligence
and machine learning, modern computing approaches, virtual reality and 3D printing. Smart
households implement innovative digital services, increase the efficiency of process
management, optimize the use of resources and improve the quality of life. Thanks to
Industry 4.0 technologies, smart decision support systems are being developed that
effectively manage user identification, access rights distribution, and privileges. This
increases the security of data collection and processing, leads to an improvement in the
efficiency of the use of systems, and reduces operating costs in general. The implementation
of information technology projects for smart households demonstrates how the use of
advanced technologies in Industry 4.0 contributes to the improvement of efficiency,
sustainability, and quality of life for citizens. By deploying digital solutions based on
Industry 4.0 technologies, smart households can form interconnected and efficient
infrastructures of smart locations, smart communities and smart cities. They offer a wide
range of smart services in real time. One of the promising areas of further research is the
specifics of the integration of smart households in higher-order systems. Industry 4.0
technologies and smart households are actively evolving. Therefore, it is advisable to
further investigate the features of forming information and technology platforms for smart
households and the details of interaction between their components.
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