=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-3774/Paper3
|storemode=property
|title=A Secure Blockchain driven Food Supply Chain Prototype for
Developing Territory in Farming Zone
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3774/Paper3.pdf
|volume=Vol-3774
|authors=Harsh Kumar,Utkarsh Bharati,Ritik Raj,Hrudaya Kumar Tripathy
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/snsfait/KumarBRT24
}}
==A Secure Blockchain driven Food Supply Chain Prototype for
Developing Territory in Farming Zone
==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3774/Paper3.pdf
A Secure Blockchain driven Food Supply Chain
Prototype for Developing Territory in Farming Zone
Harsh Kumar1,*,†, Utkarsh Bharati2 , Ritik Raj3 and Hrudaya Kumar Tripathy4
1,2,3,4
Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, India
Abstract
This paper examines the potential of blockchain technology to revolutionize agriculture and the food
supply chain with a particular focus on the problems faced by farmers, especially in developing
countries. The primary problem is that farmers have limited bargaining power, which allows them
to price their crops unfairly by taking advantage of wholesalers. Blockchain-powered bidding
mechanisms can help create a more equitable economic environment for farmers and buyers.
Examining the shortcomings of current systems and the ongoing blockchain implementation in
agricultural markets, this paper examines the maturity of current projects. Blockchain's decentralized
and transparent nature can help increase trustworthiness and reduce fraudulent activities, ultimately
leading to more equitable pricing mechanisms. Full-scale implementation has technical and financial
challenges, but the paper focuses on the potential benefits, such as reducing manual interventions,
streamlining transactions, and improving traceability across the supply chain. This paper highlights
the promise of blockchain technology as a catalyst for reliable economic development, providing
sustainable solutions to the problems faced by rural communities around the world. It also looks at
the barriers and challenges that currently prevent broader adoption of blockchain among farmers and
systems, including those related to education, policy, and regulatory frameworks.
Keywords
Blockchain, Traceability, Agriculture Applications, Sustainability, Decentralization.
1. Introduction
This research on "Blockchain in Agribusiness" is spurred by a profound affirmation of
blockchain's transformative potential in tending to determined challenges inside the rural
division. The complex nature of agrarian supply chains, coupled with the goals of
straightforwardness, effectiveness, and maintainability, shapes a compelling method of
reasoning for examining blockchain integration. The research looks for to enable partners
through decentralization, cultivate advancement, and bridge the hole between innovation and
farming.
Proceedings of SNSFAIT 2024: International Symposium on Securing Next-Generation Systems using Future
Artificial Intelligence Technologies, Delhi, India, August 08-09th, 2024
1∗
Corresponding author: Hrudaya Kumar Tripathy(hktripathyfcs@kiit.ac.in)
†
These authors contributed equally.
Harsh Kumar,†, Utkarsh Bharati , Ritik Raj and Hrudaya Kumar Tripathy
© 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
CEUR
ceur-ws.org
Workshop ISSN 1613-0073
Proceedings
By leveraging blockchain to upgrade straightforwardness, advance maintainable hones, and
construct believe, the overarching objective is to contribute to a strong, even handed, and
mechanically progressed future for farming, adjusting with worldwide feasible advancement
goals. Agriculture, as the backbone of global sustenance, encounters multifaceted issues ranging
from supply chain inefficiencies, lack of transparency, to issues of traceability and food safety.
In this context, blockchain emerges as a transformative technology with the potential to
revolutionize the agricultural landscape.
●Enhancing Transparency and Traceability: Blockchain's decentralized and transparent
nature has the capability to reshape the entire supply chain in agriculture. By recording every
transaction and movement of goods on an immutable ledger, stakeholders can gain real-time
insights into the production, distribution, and consumption processes. This transparency not
only fosters trust but also enables effective traceability, crucial for ensuring food safety.
●Optimizing Supply Chain Proficiency: Blockchain's decentralized ledger ensures
instantaneous visibility throughout the entire supply chain, mitigating the likelihood of errors
and discrepancies.
●Automation Benefits: Smart contracts facilitate automation of key processes, such as
inventory management and order fulfillment, leading to heightened overall operational
efficiency.
●Enhanced Traceability: Improved traceability on the blockchain enables swift identification
of the source of challenges, allowing for targeted and rapid responses to issues like
contamination or recalls.
●Data Accuracy and Reliability: Blockchain's contribution to enhanced data accuracy and
reliability diminishes the necessity for manual record-keeping, thereby minimizing the risk of
data entry errors.
●Streamlined Communication: The streamlined communication and data sharing among
stakeholders foster a collaborative ecosystem, promoting faster decision-making and efficient
issue resolution.
2. Literature Review
In paper [1] creator points to illustrate the possible use of blockchain innovation within the
agribusiness industry and how it seem to tackling the current problems withlooking over the
current document and taking after case considers of the blockchain companies. It address the
problems that already exist by looking over the the paper that already exists and taking after
case thinks about of the companies that start up in the blockchain industry Blockchain
innovation appears a promising approach to cultivating a more secure, way better, more
economical, and dependable agri-foods framework within the future. In paper [2] creator
emphasize the critical and positive impact of BCT on horticulture, emphasizing the require for
agreeable government efforts pioneers in the industry, and innovation masters to energize its
broad execution and contribute to the headway of a economical and versatile nourishment
framework. The agrarian industry by giving a decentralized, straightforward, and unchangeable
arrangement to meet the troubles it faces. The beginning talk gives an diagram of the challenges
experienced by the rural industry, taken after by a exhaustive investigation of BCT, highlighting
its potential preferences. Taking after that, the article investigates other rural employments for
blockchain innovation. In paper [3] creator employments blockchain-based, completely
decentralized traceability demonstrate that guarantees the astuteness and straightforwardness
of the framework and is proposed at the side a keen contract for the coordination of all
exchanges within the supply chain. from maker to buyer. The current supply chain show has a
few impediments like a communication hole between the substances of the supply chain and
no data almost the travel history and beginning of the item. The utilize of innovation makes
strides the communication and connection between different ranchers and partners. In [4], the
author uses Blockchain Transformation occurs based on four steps such as creating data using
an IoT device, cleaning and enriching collected data, augmenting data using machine learning,
data stored in blockchain. In paper [5] the objective of this paper is to look at the affect of
blockchain innovation in farming and nourishment supply chain, show existing progressing
ventures and activities, and talk about the by and large suggestions, challenges, and potential
of blockchain within the nourishment industry. Summing up, blockchain could bea promising
innovation on the way to an uncomplicated food supply chain, but there are still numerous
limitations and challenges that prevent its further spread among livestock farmers and food
suppliers. In paper [6] the creator gives an outline of the uses of blockchain advances for
empowering traceability within the agri-food space is given and an broad writing survey on the
integration of blockchain into traceability frameworks is conducted. In [7], the authors propose
a strategy for the blockchain to track product prices and efficiently participate and manage
business activities throughout the agricultural supply chain and share a new EHR implemented
by computing in mobile cloud and the blockchain. In the paper [8], the authors present a strong
literature review on how blockchain may continue to impact the various agricultural markets,
the challenges, and what lies ahead. In the article [9], the author documents the experiences
and results of the public-private partnership (PPP) project 'Blockchain for Agrifood', which
started in March 2017. This project aims to provide an opportunity to understand more about
the technology blockchain (BCT). We explain the impact on agriculture, in particular how it
affects specific parts of the supply chain and what is needed to apply BCT to the agri-food chain.
The second objective of this project is to suggest and create a proof-of-concept application
centered on use cases associated with the table. In the article [10], the authors show that the
improvement of food supply chains in the epidemic economy after COVID-19 is made as an
example to show the good utilization of blockchain technology In the article [11],the authors
give an overview of the use of blockchain technology the authors provide an overview of the
use of blockchain technology to enable traceability in the agri-food sector and perform a general
review of the literature on how to integrate blockchain into coding systems. The author in
reference [12] demonstrates how blockchain technology facilitates direct, secure, and
potentially cost-effective transactions within the agricultural sector. This indicates that
blockchain has the capability to streamline and secure transactions in agriculture, potentially
reducing costs associated with traditional methods. Blockchain technology ensures.
3. Proposed Model and Architecture
The proposed blockchain based Supply Chain demonstrates:
Non-tamperable data: All information all through the supply chain is put away on a
blockchain, ensuring its realness and permanence. This anticipates control by any part.
Expanded straightforwardness: All members have get to to the same data recorded on
the blockchain, cultivating believe and responsibility. Changes are unmistakable in real-time.
Trick anticipation: Keen contracts confirm personalities and installments, decreasing
the hazard of false exercises. Confirmation guarantees as it were authorized individuals take an
interest.
Real-time upgrades: All individuals get moment notices of any changes happening
inside the supply chain, encouraging speedier responses and educated choices.
Adaptability:Depiction: The demonstrate can be adjusted to different items and supply
chain structures, advertising flexibility to distinctive industry needs.
Versatility: Dealing with a expansive number of exchanges and members might require
tending to versatility confinements of blockchain innovation.
Specialized complexity: Executing and keeping up the framework seem require
specialized ability, possibly making boundaries for broader selection.
Information protection: Adjusting straightforwardness with the assurance of delicate
data requires cautious plan and usage of information protection arrangements.
Administrative compliance: Guaranteeing compliance with significant directions and
information security laws is vital for broad appropriation and long-term supportability.
Generally, this demonstrate presents a promising approach to improving supply chain believe
and straightforwardness. In any case, tending to the potential challenges is vital for its fruitful
execution.
Figure 1. The Proposed model for food supply chain using blockchain
The proposed model is shown in figure 1 and its execution is discussed in this section. The key
include of utilizing the traceability work within the proposed blockchain-based supply chain
utilizing savvy contracts is to show the non-tamperable data to all the individuals of the supply
chain. All data with respect to the understandings between the individuals of the supply chain
is put away in a database, beginning from the understanding of the assets sold by the asset
company to the agriculturists. The agriculturists always track the condition of the cultivating
arrive and the development of crops and transfer the pictures through IPFS, which offers an e-
database that can be utilized for confirmation of the understandings between the individuals.
These advanced exchanges are great for following, but they moreover increment chances of
cheating by a few individuals. Hence, the blockchain records the data because it is with
confirmed recognizable proof of the genuine individuals. Tricks can moreover be recognized
and moderated by blockchain in this case. The system can donate additional highlights to
invalidate the total supply chain prepare and take alluring activities to force punishments on
scamsters. This will increment the realness of the data and make the chain more solid. At the
beginning arrange, the contract is made by the rancher; after that, the agriculturist is prepared
to purchase assets in offline mode from the authorized asset companies. Here, the genuineness
of the asking maker is affirmed by the savvy contracts.
It’s intriguing to see the fast development of blockchain innovation within the horticulture
division as shown in figure 2. As per your portrayal, the development rate has been expanding
altogether each year:In 2020, the development rate was around 10%.In 2021, it expanded to
roughly 25%.In 2022, the development rate bounced to almost 50%.And in 2023, it come to nearly
70%.This reliable increment shows that the utilize of blockchain in horticulture is getting to be
more predominant each year. It’s clear that the environment for blockchain within the
horticulture division is exceptionally promising. This adjusts with the center of your term
paper, which examines the noteworthy impact of blockchain on farming. It’s an energizing field
with a parcel of potential for development and advancement.
Figure 2. Market size of blockchain application in agriculture
It’s intriguing to see the fast development of blockchain innovation within the horticulture
division as depicted in figure 3. As per your portrayal, the development rate has been expanding
altogether each year:In 2020, the development rate was around 10%.In 2021, it expanded to
roughly 25%.In 2022, the development rate bounced to almost 50%.And in 2023, it come to nearly
70%.This reliable increment shows that the utilize of blockchain in horticulture is getting to be
more predominant each year. It’s clear that the environment for blockchain within the
horticulture division is exceptionally promising. This adjusts with the center of your term
paper, which examines the noteworthy impact of blockchain on farming. It’s an energizing field
with a parcel of potential for development and advancement.
Figure 3. Growth rate of blockchain application in agriculture
The dispersion of blockchain applications in horticulture demonstrates a shifted center.
Maintainability and carbon impression following at 45% proposes a critical accentuation on
naturally cognizant hones. Microfinance and get to to credit at 50% highlight the significance
of money related consideration for agrarian partners. Exactness agribusiness and information
at 28% demonstrate a developing intrigued in leveraging information for optimized cultivating
hones.traceability and nourishment security at 42% imply a solid commitment to guaranteeing
quality and security all through the nourishment generation prepare. Supply chain
administration at 35% recommends a considerable center on upgrading the effectiveness and
straightforwardness of rural supply chains.
4. Result and Analysis
This section highlights the outcome of implementation of the proposed framework. The
validation of results are discussed in context to hashing function, block size and rewards
features.
1000 3.7
900 3.2
800
Number of blocks
4.1
700 3.8
600 2.9
500 2.1
400 4.5
300 3.5
200 2.5
100 4.3
0 1 2 3 4 5
Computational cost of hashes
Figure 4. Estimated cost of hashes with number of blocks
Figure 4 outlines the normal computational taken a toll of newspapers. distinctive amount
of pieces within the blockchain. Like us will see from comes about, the PoW assignments within
the blockchain organize devours huge computing resources when performing hash operations.
This instrument guarantees global agreement to make the following information reliable,
interesting and unfalsifiable. Subsequently, A blockchain-based system can provide security for
the agribusiness.
70
62.8
60
50
45.3
40
Rewards
30
20 21.9
18.6
13.5
10
0
-4.6
-10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
-12
-20
Episodes
Figure 5. Performance analysis of model in terms of episodes and rewards
Figure 5 represents the rewards benefits of diverse strategies in blockchain based supply
chain model in different background. In common, the rewards of diverse strategies increment
as the amount of scenes develops but the empirical strategy. It is often since the empirical
strategy continuously employments a pre-decided limit to manage the work of management,
and in this way it is unable grasp optimized arrangement of management amid the preparing
prepare.
90
80 78
70 68
60 58 60
55 55
Rewards
50 48 50
44 45
40 38 39
36 36 34
30 33
28 27 29 29
26
20 22 21 20
18
10 13 12 13 13 12
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Episodes
Figure 6. Stock comparison of the model over different time periods
Additionally, we analyze the inventory of the production line and vendor using the
suggested model and the empirical approach across various time frames. As illustrated in Figure
6, the model effectively maintains the production line inventory available to retailers
throughout the majority of time intervals, enabling the retailers' inventory to remain largely
positive. This is achievable as the model is able to dynamically adapt manufacture and
repository levels at both the plant and retailers in reaction to the frequently fluctuating request
across varying time frames.
5. Conclusion
This research has explored the groundbreaking capability of blockchain innovation in changing
horticulture and the food store network, with a specific spotlight on enabling limited scope
ranchers to expand their harvest yields as each model presented before don't manage their
specific necessities of doing cultivating in limited scope . We have dove into the difficulties
looked by ranchers, to be specific out of line evaluating and absence of admittance to business
sectors and money. We have featured how blockchain, with its decentralized, straightforward,
and secure nature, can resolve these issues by facilitating direct connections and fair pricing
and by eliminating middlemen, a peer-to-peer marketplace is created, ensuring that farmers get
more for their crops. Data-driven traceability encourages eco-friendly practices and makes it
possible to monitor the impact on the environment. While specialized and monetary difficulties
stay, the proposed blockchain-based store network model with its non-tamperable information,
improved straightforwardness, and continuous updates shows the potential for expanded
proficiency and trust. Moreover, the quick development of blockchain applications in
agribusiness, zeroing in on manageability, admittance to back, and information driven
cultivating, affirms the developing interest in this extraordinary innovation. In conclusion,
blockchain is more than just a buzzword; it offers a concrete solution to problems in agriculture
that have existed for a long time. By embracing this innovation, we can prepare for a more
impartial, straightforward, and maintainable food framework, enabling ranchers and
guaranteeing a safe food supply for a long time into the future. Be that as it may, understanding
this vision requires cooperative endeavors from states, industry pioneers, innovation designers,
and ranchers themselves to defeat the current difficulties and open the maximum capacity of
blockchain for an upset in the fields.
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