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        <article-title>Workshop for Computing &amp; Advanced Localization</article-title>
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      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Juil Jeon</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Jungho Lee</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Sunsim Chun</string-name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Jinah Kang</string-name>
        </contrib>
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    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>-</title>
      <p>ON</p>
      <p>FIFTEENTH INTERNATIONALCONFERENCE ON</p>
      <p>IPIN-WCAL 2025
Copyright © 2025 for the individual papers by the papers’ authors.</p>
      <p>Copyright © 2025 for the volume as a collection by its editors.</p>
      <p>This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0
International (CC BY 4.0).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>Editors</title>
      <sec id="sec-2-1">
        <title>Lucie Klus</title>
        <p>Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences
Tampere University
Tampere, Finland</p>
        <p>Lucie.Klus@tuni.fi</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-2-2">
        <title>Guohao Zhang</title>
        <p>Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
gh.zhang@polyu.edu.hk</p>
        <p>FIFTEENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>Preface</title>
      <p>The 15th International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN 2025) was held in
Tampere, Finland, on September 15-18, 2025. This proceeding contains the papers presented at the
Workshop for Computing &amp; Advanced Localization, colocated with IPIN 2025.</p>
      <p>First held in Zurich, Switzerland in 2010, IPIN is a unique event dedicated to indoor positioning, its
applications and development. The last ten years have seen enormous technical progress in this field,
yet, in contrast with outdoors well-established GNSS solutions, no technology still exists cheap and
accurate enough for the general market. The potential applications of indoor localisation are
allencompassing, from home to wide public areas, from IoT and personal devices to surveillance and
crowd behaviour applications, from casual use to mission-critical systems.</p>
      <p>The conference received 107 regular papers and 38 WCAL papers with authors from universities,
research institutes and renowned companies in 24 different countries across the 5 continents. Each
paper was reviewed by at least two members of the Technical Program Committee of the Conference.
59 out of 107 Regular Papers were accepted and submitted to the IEEE Xplore Digital Library, while 33
were accepted as WCAL papers and submitted to CEUR Workshop Proceedings. Regular Papers and
WCAL papers were presented in dedicated sessions.</p>
      <p>IPIN 2025 hosted 1 Workshop, 2 Tutorials, 4 Keynotes, 18 Parallel Sessions, including Machine Learning,
Acoustic and Ultrasound systems, Visual and Optical System, Inertial Measurement Units, Radio Signal
Processing, UWB, BLE and Wi-Fi, etc. There were 147 registered on-site attendees at this onsite
conference.</p>
      <p>The conference also hosted the 12th International Indoor Positioning and Navigation Competition from
September 8 to October 10 for offsite participants and from October 13 to 14 for onsite participants. The
competition included six tracks, such as smartphone positioning, foot-mounted IMU positioning,
smartphone with navigation robot, smartphone-onvehicle positioning and 5G CIR + IMU, attracting 13
teams from around the world. The global synchronous online competition mode, first adopted in 2022,
was used again, showcasing the highest level of the current international indoor positioning and
navigation field. Additionally, two onsite competition tracks were held at Tampere University, City Centre
Campus.</p>
      <p>IPIN 2025 awarded 2 best conference papers, 3 workshop papers, 3 best posters, and 5 competition
track winners. The best conference paper awardees are given the opportunity to send a technically
extended version to the IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation (J-ISPIN). The
journal is currently the only international academic journal focusing on the field of indoor navigation and
positioning.</p>
      <p>Thanks to all members of the IPIN 2025 Technical Program Committee for their effort in the review
process that was fundamental for maintaining the high scientific level of the conference. Thanks to all
members of Organizing Committee for their hard work in making the meeting go on smoothly. Thanks to
all the researchers who supported this event by submitting their work and actively participating in it.
Thanks to all participants for their efforts to make IPIN 2025 a success.
Lucie Klus, Tampere University, Finland
Guohao Zhang, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>Workshop Chairs</title>
      <p>Technical Programme Committee
• Amod Agrawal, Amazon Lab126, USA
• Teodoro Aguilera, University of Extremadura, Spain
• Iness Ahriz, Le CNAM, France
• Shiyu Bai, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
• Paolo Barsocchi, ISTI-CNR Institute, Pisa, Italy
• Peter Brida, University of Žilina, Slovakia
• Stefano Chessa, University of Pisa, Italy
• Tianxing Chu, Texas A&amp;M University Corpus Christi, USA
• Antonino Crivello, ISTI-CNR Institute, Pisa, Italy
• Álvaro De La Llana Calvo, University of Alcala, Spain
• Frank Deinzer, Technical University of Applied Sciences</p>
      <p>Würzburg/Schweinfurt, Germany
• Tobias Feigl, Fraunhofer IIS, Germany
• Juan Jesús García, University of Alcala, Spain
• Álvaro Hernández Alonso, University of Alcala, Spain
• Ryosuke Ichikari, National Institute of Advanced Industrial</p>
      <p>Science and Technology (AIST), Japan
• Ana Jiménez, University of Alcala, Spain
• Roman Klus, Tampere University, Finland
• Takeshi Kurata, National Institute of Advanced Industrial</p>
      <p>Science and Technology (AIST), Japan
• Filipe Meneses, University of Minho, Portugal
• Thibaud Michel, Wemap, France
• Raúl Montoliu, Jaume I University, Spain
• Philipp Muller, Tampere University, Finland
• Ho-Fung Ng, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
• Kyle O'Keefe, University of Calgary, Canada
• Filippo Palumbo , ISTI-CNR Institute, Pisa, Italy
• Antoni Pérez Navarro, Open University of Catalonia, Spain
• Valérie Renaudin, Université Gustave Eiffel, France
• Nel Samama, Telecom Paris Sud, France
• Emilio Sansano, Jaume I University, Spain
• Luca Santoro, IMDEA Networks, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
• Fernando Seco Granja, Spanish National Research</p>
      <p>Council (CSIC), Spain
• Ivo Silva, University of Minho, Portugal
• Gyula Simon, Óbuda University, Hungary
• Joaquín Torres Sospedra, University of Valencia, Spain
• Dongyan Wei, Aerospace Information Research institute，</p>
      <p>Chinese Academy of Sciences,(AIR-CAS), China
• Penghui Xu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
• Hongzhou Yang, University of Calgary, Canada
• Zhetao Zhang, Hohai University, China
• Wenchao Zhang, Aerospace Inform. Research instL，</p>
      <p>Chinese Academy of Sciences, (AIR-CAS), China
• Shuai Zhang, Chongqing Jiaotong University, China
• Ni Zhu, Université Gustave Eiffel, France
Design of Signal Quality Test Module for Ground Verification System of Satellite Based</p>
      <sec id="sec-4-1">
        <title>Augmentation System (SBAS)</title>
        <p>Inone Joo, Cheon Sig Sin, Jae Hwan Bong and Seongkyun Jeong
A Structured Survey of Client-Based and Client-Assisted Localization for Underground</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-2">
        <title>Environments</title>
        <p>Benny Platte, Marc Ritter and Christian Roschke</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-3">
        <title>Enhanced Radio-SLAM Algorithm Using Building Geometry Constraints</title>
        <p>Zhen LYU and Guohao Zhang
Studies: A Managed Solution for Standardized, Scalable, Privacy-First Smartphone Sensor Data</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-4">
        <title>Collection for Indoor Positioning Research</title>
        <p>Kelvin Tsz Hei Choi
Adaptive Dynamic Adjustment Kalman Filter (ADA-KF) for Robust Clock Synchronization in
High</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-5">
        <title>Mobility Wireless Environments</title>
        <p>Xiao Jiang, Zhongliang Deng, Songfeng Yang and Mingyang Ma
Particle Filter-Based Indoor Localization with Learning based PDR and Monocular Depth-Aided BIM</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-6">
        <title>Matching</title>
        <p>Pravin Kumar Jaisawal, Youness Dehbi and Harald Sternberg</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-7">
        <title>From Research to App: Personalized Inertial Navigation for the Visually Impaired</title>
        <p>Tommy Moisan, Hanyuan FU, Valerie Renaudin and Mohamad issam SAYYAF 23</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-8">
        <title>Large Scale Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation for Indoor Digital Twin Generation</title>
        <p>Johann Nikolai Hark, Bernd Schaeufele and Ilja Radusch
Smartphone-Based Attitude-Unconstrained Pedestrian Dead Reckoning System with Positioning</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-9">
        <title>Adjustment using Wi-Fi Fingerprinting</title>
        <p>Lingming Yu, Constantina Isaia, Wenyu Cai and Michalis Michaelides
OAM: Object-Aware Memory and Vision-Language Models for Zero-Shot Object Navigation
Jiahui Wang, Wen Liu and ZhongLiang Deng
Movement Direction Estimation for Smartwatches in Diverse Exercise via Inertial-GNSS Fusion
Jae Hong Lee and Chan Gook Park
FCI-AEKF: A Robust GNSS/5G Hybrid Positioning Framework with Dynamic Motion and Noise</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-10">
        <title>Adaptation</title>
        <p>wang JianQing, Zhongliang Deng, Fen Qiu, Mingyang Ma and Shan Xu</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-11">
        <title>Range-Angle Likelihood Maps for Indoor Positioning Using Deep Neural Networks</title>
        <p>Muhammad Ammad, Paul Schwarzbach, Michael Schultz and Oliver Michler
Stride length estimation using Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) sensors aided by Inertial sensors
Ashwani Kumar, Kourosh Khoshelham and Salil Goel
ABeL: A Customizable Open-Source Framework for Evaluating 3D Terrestrial Positioning</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-12">
        <title>Algorithms</title>
        <p>Simon Huh, Tristan Itschner and Niclas Zeller
Comparative Evaluation of Sensor-Based PDR and Visual SLAM for Smartphone-Based Indoor</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-13">
        <title>Positioning</title>
        <p>Philipp Fiedler
6-DoF Optical Positioning System with RSS-AoA Measurements and Harmony Search Refinement
Elena Aparicio-Esteve, David Molto, Alvaro Hernandez and Jesus Ureña</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-14">
        <title>Synchronization of DJI Tello group flights indoors</title>
        <p>Olha K. Pohudina, Antonietta Sivo, Nicola Cordeschi, Luigi Alfredo Grieco and Michele Lagioia
Dense Ground Truth for Indoor Localization Competitions: Foot-mounted IMU-Enhanced</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-15">
        <title>Evaluation</title>
        <p>Antonio R. Jimenez Ruiz, Joaquín Torres-Sospedra and Luisa Ruiz-Ruiz</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-16">
        <title>LEO satellite orbit study to improve SOOP-based positioning precision</title>
        <p>Hugo Renaud and Fernando J. Alvarez
High-Precision Camera-enabled Visible Light Positioning System with Enhanced LED Recognition
Bugao Liu, Dingyu Ge, Zhigang Ma, Xiaodong Liu, Zhenghai Wang and Xun Zhang
Graphic Optimization Method of Crowdsourcing Trajectories Using Geomagnetic Field and Map</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-17">
        <title>Loop Closures</title>
        <p>Zilin Hong, Wen Li, Yupeng Xia, Dongyan Wei and Ge Shen
A Modular Prompting Framework for AI-Guided Unobtrusive User Engagement in Crowd-Powered</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-18">
        <title>Indoor Positioning with Semantic Knowledge Graphs and GPT-4-Based LLMs</title>
        <p>Ahmed Mansour
Effective indoor navigation in a metro system and dependency on the positioning precision
Mikołaj Piotr Domagalski and Jerzy Jastrzębiec-Jankowski</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-19">
        <title>Study of BLE6 ranging performance in a Utility Basement</title>
        <p>Tim Ulsamer, Christian Mazur and Stefan Knauth</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-20">
        <title>Battery Efficiency in Vision-Based Indoor Navigation: Energy Considerations in NaVIP</title>
        <p>Jun Yu, Yitian Yang, Mushu Li and Vinod Namboodiri</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-21">
        <title>Doors as Visual Landmarks for Indoor Positioning</title>
        <p>Miroslav Opiela</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-22">
        <title>Work in Progress Track</title>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-23">
        <title>Optimized 6G ISAC Beamforming for Target Detection and Localization</title>
        <p>Behzod Mukhiddinov, Di He, Wenxian Yu
Accurate and Precise Acoustic Positioning Using Simultaneous Transmission of Phase-shifted</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-24">
        <title>Pulses</title>
        <p>Masanari Nakamura, Konatsu Abe, Hiromichi Hashizume, Masanori Sugimoto</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-25">
        <title>Step Counting by Optimum Fusion of IMU Sensor Measurements</title>
        <p>Constantina Isaia, Michalis P. Michaelides</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-4-26">
        <title>Study of Monopulse-Antenna System for Angle Estimation in Analog Domain</title>
        <p>Miroslav Hutár, Alejandro Gil-Martinez, José Antonio Lopez-Pastor, Peter Brida, José L. Gómez Tornero</p>
      </sec>
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