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    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Collaborative Innovation in the Age of Generative AI: Empowering the Public Sector through Competence Development</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Valerie Albrecht</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>University for Continuing Education Krems (UWK)</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="AT">Austria</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>The public sector faces complex challenges, including the climate crisis, political extremism and demographic changes, that necessitate innovative solutions. Collaborative innovation, defined as a process of creative problem-solving across organisational boundaries, is essential for addressing these challenges. This poster presents findings from my dissertation, which explores the competences necessary for collaborative innovation in the public sector and how these competences can be developed and implemented through formal and informal competence development.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>eol&gt;Collaborative innovation</kwd>
        <kwd>competences</kwd>
        <kwd>public sector</kwd>
        <kwd>collaborative competences</kwd>
        <kwd>genAI</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>2. Identifying &amp; Developing Competences for Collaborative Innovation</title>
      <p>
        Collaborative innovation requires a diverse set of competences, including digital skills, creativity,
critical thinking, collaboration [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>
        ], [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">4</xref>
        ], [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref5">5</xref>
        ] and others. These competences are essential for public
sector employees to effectively engage in innovative processes and address complex societal
challenges. The competence framework developed in this research understands competences as
covering three dimensions: skills, attitudes, and knowledge [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref6">6</xref>
        ].
      </p>
      <p>
        Especially attitudes are hard to develop in regular formats of formal competence
development. Informal learning environments thus play a crucial role in developing
competences for collaborative innovation. Innovation fellowships, for example, provide public
servants with opportunities to work closely with external experts on various projects, facilitating
the acquisition of new skills.
Innovation fellowships, for example, provide public servants with opportunities to work closely
with external experts on various projects, facilitating the acquisition of new skills. By working
together with experts from outside the public sector all participants in such a fellowship may
benefit from learning user-centric approaches, agile methods, and the use of collaborative tools.
But even after the acquisition and application of these methods public sector employees may not
be able to see that they acquired a new competence. [
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref7">7</xref>
        ]
      </p>
      <p>Thus, informal activities to strengthen skills, attitudes, and knowledge should be
supported by formal competence development. As new technologies, such as generative AI,
emerge, competences may need to be (re)defined and new formats to develop them need to be
taken into consideration. The development of a competence framework that takes these
developments into consideration is essential for this formalization.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>3. First Conclusions</title>
      <p>The findings of my research highlight the importance of competences for collaborative innovation in
the public sector. Continuous learning and adaptation to new technologies are crucial for public
sector employees. The research underscores the need for a structured approach to competence
development, including formal training programs and learning through practical application.</p>
      <p>Future research should focus on the long-term impact of competence development and
explore new methods for competence assessment and development. Additionally, further studies
could investigate the role of informal learning environments and the integration of new technologies,
such as generative AI, in fostering collaborative innovation.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>Acknowledgements</title>
      <p>This study has been funded through the RTI-Strategy 2027 of Lower-Austria within the call
RTIDissertations 2021 (FTI21-D-040) of the Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich (GFF).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>Declaration on Generative AI</title>
      <p>During the preparation of this work, the author used Copilot for grammar and spelling checks.</p>
    </sec>
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