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  <front>
    <journal-meta />
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Industry⋆</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Lyudmyla Mayik</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Denis Boyarkin</string-name>
          <email>denis@druk.ua</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Volodymyr Mayik</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Tetyana Holubnyk</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Limited Liability Company «Druk.ua»</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Oles Honchar str., 9, Kherson, 73000</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="UA">Ukraine</country>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>Lviv Polytechnic National University</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Stepan Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="UA">Ukraine</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <abstract>
        <p>Automated business process management systems at printing enterprises create competitive advantages in the current market. Therefore, the Ukrainian Printboost system, developed in the printing environment conditions, is relevant, based on a solution developed for a specific publishing and printing company. Printboost was created using modern design thinking and service design methodologies, which provides an up-to-date response to the needs of the modern printing market. There has been created an advanced tool that provides maximum convenience for both printing houses and their clients, thanks to its unique capabilities adapted to the specifics of the printing industry. The Printboost system provides the creation of a client-oriented personal website of the printing company with a personal account for the client, the possibility of Web2Print site localization, the creation of product manufacturing algorithms, the creation of technological maps, accuracy and speed in calculating the cost and production times and analysis of the printing enterprise website through tools for optimization and increasing visibility (SEO, Google My Business, Google Analytics). A new approach for the choosing a control system for a publishing and printing enterprise is presented and it is based on the synthesis of a model with factors influencing this process. A methodology for ranking factors is proposed, which allows determining the most significant criteria for making management decisions.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>eol&gt;intelligent enterprise management system</kwd>
        <kwd>innovation</kwd>
        <kwd>publishing</kwd>
        <kwd>printing</kwd>
        <kwd>algorithm</kwd>
        <kwd>server</kwd>
        <kwd>electronic document flow</kwd>
        <kwd>database</kwd>
        <kwd>information and methodological support</kwd>
        <kwd>service design</kwd>
        <kwd>design thinking</kwd>
        <kwd>graphic model</kwd>
        <kwd>ranking factors</kwd>
        <kwd>1</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec-1">
      <title>1. Introduction</title>
      <p>The modern development of the world economy is characterized by the active introduction of
digital technologies, the concept of Industry 4.0 and intelligent management systems, which
significantly change approaches to the organization of production in various industries. The issue
of modernization for management systems in manufacturing industries in general and in the
publishing and printing sector is the subject of numerous scientific studies. In modern scientific
literature, several key areas can be identified that are directly related to the problems of creating
intelligent innovative systems.</p>
      <p>The importance of automation in the printing industry is confirmed by numerous studies that
highlight the implementation of ERP systems, CRM solutions and specialized platforms for
managing production processes in many international [1-3] and domestic publications, as well as at
international conferences dedicated to the automation of technological processes [4-6]. Scientific
publications consider the advantages of integrated information systems that contribute to the
increasing productivity and optimizing resources. The growing role of artificial intelligence and
machine learning in production processes is confirmed by studies analyzing the application of
predictive analytics, automated quality control and optimization algorithms [7-9]. Literature
sources also indicate the need to develop adaptive systems capable of self-learning and analyzing
large data sets that can be used in the publishing and printing industry [10-12]. The analysis of
literature sources also confirms the relevance of developing the Printboost intelligent innovation
system as a tool for the increasing the management and production processes efficiency in the
publishing and printing industry [13-15]. Analysis of modern approaches to automation of
publishing activities shows that the implementation of IoT technologies and cloud computing
allows creating integrated production management ecosystems [16, 17]. Research into the
architecture of modern production management systems shows the importance of integrating
different subsystems through unified APIs and microservice architecture [18, 19]. This ensures
scalability of solutions and the ability to adapt to different types of printing equipment. Analysis of
the economic efficiency of implementing intelligent systems represents that the return on
investment is achieved through optimizing material consumption, reducing energy consumption
and improving OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) indicators [20].</p>
      <p>The publishing and printing industry itself is also experiencing a period of active digitalization,
but most enterprises still use outdated or partially automated management systems. Such systems
are unable to comprehensively analyze a large amount of production data, timely predict market
changes and optimize production flows. As a result, problems arise of overspending of materials,
untimely fulfillment of orders, reduction of product quality and limitation of strategic development
opportunities. The lack of intelligent management tools slows down the implementation of the
principles within the "smart production" in printing. Given the above problems, it becomes obvious
that the further development of publishing and printing enterprises is impossible without the use
of new generation intelligent management systems. Such systems should combine the functions of
data collection and processing, forecasting, automated decision-making and optimization of
business processes in real time. It is important that they not only increase production efficiency, but
also ensure the strategic sustainability of enterprises in the long term.</p>
      <p>Taking the information below into the consideration, it is important to create an innovative
Printboost system that will integrate modern information technologies and optimization
algorithms into the management of printing processes. It should become a universal tool for
automation, forecasting and increasing production efficiency, contributing to the industry's
transition to a model of intelligent production.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-2">
      <title>2. General structure of the intelligent system «Printboost»</title>
      <p>After many years of research and experiments a new innovative Printboost system, completely
different from other systems, was created and it combined interests of printing companies and the
final customers of printing products.</p>
      <p>While using this innovative solution, the user can conveniently order printing products, after
this step the company receives analyzed and prepared information that is easy to process and
produce printed products accordingly. The intelligent innovative Printboost system is a service that
was developed using design thinking (service design), in particular, interface design, design of the
internal architecture of the service, experience design. The PHP and JavaScript programming
languages were used to create this system.</p>
      <p>The structural diagram of the Printboost tool is presented in Fig. 1.</p>
      <p>The system structure consists of a number of components and elements, the interaction
between which is presented in Fig. 1.</p>
      <p>API. Printing enterprise structure. Employees and roles. Clients (individuals and enterprises).
Resources and materials. Technological product flows. Texts and photos of products. Calculation of
prices, terms and weight of the order. Performers' interface. Statistics. Finance management
(transactions). Telephony management. File storage management. Connection to external
accounting systems (Bitrix, BAS, 1c, etc.).</p>
      <p>Frontend. Presentation of the printing company on the Internet. Availability of printing
enterprise’ products. User account. Interface for operations with mockups and freelancers.
Adaptive interface without page reloading. Multilingualism. Any needed number of copies on the
network. Functionality and appearance depending on the domain.</p>
      <p>Bitrix24+BAS. Integration with external accounting systems using the example of Bitrix24 and
BAS/1c. Ability to connect the cloud or desktop version.</p>
      <p>Bascend. Graphical interface for API. The highly adaptive and flexible interface tool. Reports
and analytics, all the numbers and graphics are in one place, which product brings in the most
profits, which part of the printing company is the bottleneck, balance sheet, cash flow, profit and
loss.</p>
      <p>Preflight. Checking and converting customer files for production needs. Landing pages and
artistic conversion of input files for the product. Working with cloud data storage and service
providers via API and webhooks</p>
      <p>Cloud storage. Cloud storage based on S3 protocols is supported (Amazon or local analogues).</p>
      <p>Web2Print (Web printing). This is an intelligent innovative system specially designed for
printing enterprises, which allows users to create a powerful website-store for the printing
business. Due to the intuitive interface, customers will be able to quickly select the desired product,
download ready-made layouts and place an order in a few clicks. In addition, the system
automatically calculates the cost of printing depending on the print product quantity, which makes
the ordering process transparent, clear, and as fast as possible.</p>
      <p>Cloud MIS/ERP system for printing house. MIS (Management Information System) is
an information management system. It is a centralized database where data about the company's
departments, its finances, work processes and employees are collected and stored. This system
automatically collects data, structures it and provides information to an authorized user in a form
convenient for analysis. This significantly simplifies the management of the organization, because
employees do not have to spend time collecting and sorting data, and all this happens at the
software automation level. With the help of the MIS system, companies optimize the workflow.
This software is used by large organizations to increase their income and the employee efficiency.
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software solution helping to manage production processes,
marketing tools, accounting, personnel, etc. This is a part of MIS, which is responsible for
managing production using data about the company's resources and this can be used as an
independent system.</p>
      <p>ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software solution that helps to manage production
processes, marketing tools, accounting, personnel, etc. It is a part of MIS responsible for managing
production using data on enterprise resources, which can be used as an independent system.</p>
      <p>Cost calculations. Users can instantly get accurate calculations of the cost of orders and the
cost of products due to the built-in ERP module. Also, users need to enter the necessary data and
the system will automatically provide all the information. The system allows to check financial
indicators and ensure control over costs. Programmed work algorithms make calculations even
more accurate and reliable.</p>
      <p>Generation of technological maps. After the technologist formulates the sequence of
operations for the production, the system will take over all the routine. It will automatically
generate a step-by-step technological list of tasks for each order, where each stage of work will be
accurately taken into account: from materials and equipment to production details.</p>
      <p>Printing company’s file management. The intuitive printing enterprise file management
system allows users to easily upload and organize files on the site and within the system. No need
to waste time searching for the necessary documents, as they are always available in the tasks of
employees. There is no more need to scroll through a lot of orders, as all files are easily accessible
both in orders and in individual customer profiles. Convenient and centralized access to files will
ensure efficient team work and faster order fulfillment.</p>
      <p>Access management. The access management feature allows users to fully control access to
the system functionality for each employee. By providing different levels of access, the company
ensures that employees have access only to the information they need. The owner can precisely
configure which actions and data will be available to each user. This allows to ensure data
confidentiality and security, and optimizes the workflow, since each employee sees only what is
necessary for their work.</p>
      <p>Data security guarantee. The system provides a reliable guarantee of data security. This is
ensured by the most modern information security technologies. Printing enterprise data is stored
on reliable and secure Amazon servers and specialized data centers. These modern storage facilities
are based on the highest security standards, including physical control, multi-level authentication
procedures and data encryption.</p>
      <p>Customer management. Due to the data management tool, companies can store and organize
information about customers, their orders, contact details and preferences in one centralized place.
There is a technical possibility to make changes to customer profiles, add new data and view the
complete order history. This allows to provide a more personalized approach to each customer,
understand their needs and provide high-quality service.</p>
      <p>Order history management. The system provides order history management. The owner can
easily view and analyze all customer orders, track the status, changes and details of each order. Full
control over the process and convenient access to information is provided.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-3">
      <title>3. Mathematical model of the Printboost control system for the publishing and printing industry</title>
      <p>Below it is presented a compact mathematical model of Printboost system management taking into
account the above architecture (websites/CRM ↔ API DRUK.ua ↔ cloud/file verification/external
services ↔ printing houses; «products» move up to the client, “money” — down).
3.1.</p>
      <sec id="sec-3-1">
        <title>Notation</title>
        <p>Plurals. O – order; S – process stages (fc – file check, fp – file processing, prp – prepress, prn
– print, pst – postpress, pkg – packaging, dlv – delivery);</p>
        <p>Ms – equipment/nodes for stage s; E  –  external services (acquiring/delivery); G – materials.</p>
        <p>
          Parameters. ro – arrival time (from websites/CRM); do – desired deadline; bo – file volume/size;
wo  – product weight;
posm – processing time o on machine m ∈ Ms; σoo′sm – changeover time (sequence-dependent, e.g.,
ink/format change);
toe – transport time of service e for o; cmogat– material costs; κm – machine-hour cost; ceoxep  –  external
costs (delivery, etc.);
α ∈ (
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">0,1</xref>
          ) – acquiring fee (part of price); B – available cloud storage capacity;
Us (o) ∈ {0,1} – if stage s is needed for o.
        </p>
        <p>Variables. ao ∈ {0,1} – accept the order; yosm ∈ {0,1} – machine selection;
sos,. fos ≥ 0 – start/end of the stage; zoo′sm ∈ {0,1} – order o before o′ on (s, m);
qoe ∈ {0,1} – external service selection; τo ≥ 0 – promised deadline; To ≥ 0 – delay;
Po ≥ 0 – price for the customer; cmogat = ∑ cmogat– material costs.</p>
        <p>g
3.2.</p>
        <p>Restrictions
(A) Purpose and duration
∑ yosm = ao U s ( o ) ,∀ o , s
m∈ Ms
f os= sos + ∑
m∈ Ms</p>
        <p>yosm posm ,∀ o , s
(B) Stage progression (technological process logic)</p>
        <p>Sos+ ≥ f os ,∀ o , s → s+∈ S with the route o
(C) Machine capacities (disjunctive constraints)
for all o ≠ o′,  s,  m ∈ Ms:
(D) Delivery and time</p>
        <p>
          T o ≥ C o - τ o ,T o ≥ 0
(where last is the last production stage for o).
(E) Cloud and file services
(approximation of capacity at the planning horizon)
so' s ≥ f os + σ o o' sm - M (1 - zo o' sm) - M ( 2 - yosm - yo' sm )
sos ≥ f o' s + σ o' osm - M ( 2 - yosm - yo' sm )
∑ qoe = ao ,
e∈ E
C o = f o ,last + ∑ qoe t oe ,
e
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">4</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref5">5</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref6">6</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref7">7</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref8">8</xref>
          )
∑ ao bo ≤ B (
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref9">9</xref>
          )
        </p>
        <p>o</p>
        <p>
          This can easily be extended to step-by-step capacity if needed via additional binary "file active
at time" variables.
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref10">10</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref11">11</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref12">12</xref>
          )
(
          <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref13">13</xref>
          )
(F) Materials
(G) Pricing with acquiring taking into account
(price has to cover costs and commission; linear due to α)
∑ ao cmogat ≤
o
        </p>
        <p>available budget / stock for g, ∀ g
Po (1 - α ) ≥ C moat + ∑ k m posm yosm + ∑ qoe ceoxep∀ o</p>
        <p>s ,m e
If necessary, a minimum profitPo ≥ (1+μo) × cost is added.
(H) SLA quoting (API DRUK engine → «promised timeline»)</p>
        <p>τ o ≥ ro + T^ coyc ,∀ o
where T^ coyc ‒ is the predicted cycle time (from the model / ML prediction) generated by the API
module during online calculation.
3.3.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-2">
        <title>Objective function</title>
        <p>Maximization of profit taking into account penalties for delays (SLA) and, optionally, customer
priorities:
max ∑ ao[ Po (1 - α ) - C moat - ∑ k m posm yosm - ∑ qoe ceoxet ]- ∑ β T
o o
o e e o
where βo is the cost of a deadline violation (penalty/loss of loyalty).
3.4.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-3-3">
        <title>Architecture visualization</title>
        <p>Websites/CRM ⇄ API DRUK: generate ro, do, bo, wo; the online calculation module solves a
simplified version of the problem (e.g., with fixedyosm or with aggregated capacities) to obtain (τo,
Po).</p>
        <p>File verification/processing, cloud: stagess ∈ {fc,fp} with capacity limit B and machines Mfc, Mfp.
Printing houses: stages prp/prn/pst/pkg with classical JSSP-logic (constraint C).</p>
        <p>External services: selection of qoe and time/cost toe, ceoxet.</p>
        <p>Cash flow: included in (G) and objectives; commission α models acquiring.</p>
        <p>The proposed mathematical model of the Printboost system for the publishing and printing
industry reflects the interaction between key components of the architecture namely from
accepting an order via the DRUK API to file processing, managing production resources and
integrating with external delivery and acquiring services. The model formalizes the main business
processes through a system of constraints: resource assignment, technological sequence of
operations, material balance, cloud storage capacity limitations and customer obligations. Thus, the
model combines economic, logistical and technological aspects of the printing house's operation,
providing a single basis for making management decisions.</p>
        <p>The practical use of the model allows the optimization of equipment loading, rational selection
of orders, formation of competitive price offers and forecasting of execution times. This creates the
prerequisites for the implementation of the Printboost intelligent innovative management system,
which will contribute to increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of printing industry
enterprises in the conditions of digital transformation.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-4">
      <title>4. Algorithms of work in the intelligent innovative Printboost system</title>
      <p>Algorithms are a sequence of operations that are necessary to manufacture a product and the
operations include equipment and materials with the necessary characteristics. In order for the
system to understand how to manufacture a particular product, it is important to create algorithms
correctly. The algorithm includes the characteristics of materials and equipment for performing a
specific operation. Also, it is essential to remember that the algorithm refers to the production of
one part (Fig. 2). Since the product can consist of several parts, there can be several algorithms.
Also, the post-printing processing stage often includes an assembly algorithm, which is later added
to both the technological map and the product calculation.</p>
      <p>In the Printboost system, there are two options for creating an algorithm: 1 - from the
algorithm library level. Users go to Library → Algorithms. In order to create a new algorithm, click
the Create button (Fig. 2a).</p>
      <p>In the new window, users select the operations that should be included in this algorithm, and
also give it a name (Fig. 2b). It is better to add to the name unique characteristics that are included
in this algorithm. Then it will be easier to search for the necessary algorithms for the production of
product parts. For example, if the algorithm uses coated paper 300 g/m2, double-sided color
printing, and this algorithm also includes cutting, lamination, or other operations, then it is better
to add this to the name.</p>
      <p>After the «Algorithm name» is already created, all the operations for this algorithm are added
one after another (for example, the simplest algorithm is to print and then to cut). That means that
the first process is the sheet printing that has a list of materials and equipment, from which users
select the one that is needed for this algorithm. After that, the characteristics that were previously
set in the library according to the materials and equipment are set up for the material and
equipment. If the characteristic has only one value, then the selection will be inactive. Otherwise,
users can select the desired value from the drop-down list.</p>
      <p>Similarly, we add the «Cutting» operation. In this operation, only one type of equipment with
one characteristic is specified, so the selection will be made automatically. After all operations have
been added, click the Save button (Fig. 3).</p>
      <p>The second option for creating an algorithm is connected with the product level and its
details. Users go to the product and type for which they want to configure the algorithm. Then the
action is to click the button next to the desired detail and select «Add algorithm» from the menu
(Fig. 4a).</p>
      <p>In the new window, users can select the desired algorithm from the algorithm library. If there is
no such an algorithm, users click the «Add» button (Fig. 4b).</p>
      <p>The standard algorithm creation window will be opened. After filling it in, click the «Create»
button (Fig. 5a).</p>
      <p>At any time, users can edit the desired algorithm or delete it. There are two options for editing
an algorithm: 1) edit from the algorithm library. In this case, users just click on the desired
algorithm (Fig. 5b).</p>
      <p>a)
b)</p>
      <p>The algorithm details will open in a new window. Users click «Edit algorithm» and make the
necessary changes or delete the algorithm (Fig. 6).</p>
      <p>The second option is the editing in the product manufacturing levels. Here users go through the
desired product, where the algorithm has already been added. The action is to click on the gear
next to the desired algorithm, select «Edit» and make the necessary changes (Fig. 7). These changes
will be assigned to the whole algorithm.</p>
      <p>The Printboost system guarantees the correctness of the compilation and verification of
technological maps using an algorithm library, which provides: 1) algorithm architecture: each
stage (prepress/press/postpress/packaging) has algorithm(s) with clear interfaces: input parameters
→ rules → output/metrics/errors; the Algorithm Library is a verified catalogue; the Rule Engine
combines business rules (SLA, economics, security) with technological constraints (materials,
formats, machines, ICC profiles, approvals); 2) verification rules: typing and ranges: all fields of the
technical map are strictly typed; validators check ranges and units of measurement; node
compatibility: ICC profile ↔ material; linework ↔ anilox; ink ↔ substrate; format ↔ sheet/roll;
minimum cut margins ↔ machine; route integrity: each step has defined input/output; all
mandatory operations are present (preflight → trapping → imposition → proof → CTP/CDI →
printing → varnish/finishing → cutting/gluing); invariants as protection against “silent” errors:
minimum pin, minimum line width, minimum indents, registration approvals, maximum speeds;
SLA rules: deadlines ↔ available changes/resources; automatic recalculation of buffers and
priorities; economic constraints: cost/price calculation is not separated from the map as the
validator controls consistency (materials ↔ cost norms).</p>
      <p>The usage of design thinking and service design methodologies, in particular, in-depth
interview techniques or Customer journey map analysis (a concept of describing and using data
about the customers’ path they take from the moment of the very first contact with the company to
the loyal customers status), made it possible to make the service as convenient as possible for
customers and significantly reduce processing time and the number of errors.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec-5">
      <title>5. Model of factors for the process of selecting a control system within a publishing and printing enterprise using the ranking method</title>
      <p>To further verify the compliance of the developed Printboost system with modern requirements, a
factor model for selecting a management system for a publishing and printing enterprise was
synthesized using the ranking method.</p>
      <p>To identify the key factors influencing the choice of management systems in the publishing and
printing industry, a survey was conducted among over one hundred printing enterprise managers.
Based on the survey results, the most critical factors, as perceived by the enterprise leaders, include
the following:
1. Scale of production (small, medium and large printing enterprises);
2. Price of the basic system configuration;
3. System modularity (the ability to purchase only the necessary modules);
4. Possibility of further updates of the system;
5. Printing method;
6. Economic effect of implementation;
7. Specialization by product types;
8. Implementation terms.</p>
      <p>The aforementioned factors, which play a crucial role in selecting a management system for a
publishing and printing enterprise, can be represented using a set of linguistic variables. This
selection process serves as an imprecise analogue of the factors influencing any arbitrary process.
The authors of the article interpret the procedure of choosing a management system as a function,
where the previously identified factors act as its arguments.</p>
      <p>
        P = F ( s1 , s2 , s3 , s4 , s5 , s6 , s7 , s8)
(
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref14">14</xref>
        )
where s1 - scale of production (SP); s2 - price of the basic system configuration (PC); s3 - system
modularity (SM); s4 - possibility of further updates of the system (PU); s5 - printing method (PM);
s6 - economic effect (ЕЕ); s7 - specialization by product types (SP); s8 - implementation terms (IT).
      </p>
      <p>
        The identified factors are categorized as linguistic variables based on their terminology and
essence, serving as parameters that influence the selection of a management system for a
publishing and printing enterprise. To analyze these relationships, the authors developed an input
graphical model in the form of a directed graph, incorporating expert evaluations of the pairwise
influence and interconnections between the factors (
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref14">14</xref>
        ).
      </p>
      <p>To resolve these contradictions, the method [21] was applied, which considers not only the
number of influences or dependencies between factors but also differentiates their types by
assigning varying expert weights to each. The essence of the proposed factor ranking method,
which evaluates the impact on the quality of implementing arbitrary technological processes, will
be demonstrated using the analysis of relationships between factors influencing the choice of a
management system.</p>
      <p>Based on the definitiona and statements described [22], there are given conditions that for
D ( w ) ≡ w j &gt; w j +1 for ( j = 1,2 , ... , n - 1) the following entry will be valid:</p>
      <p>
        (∀ w ) D ( w ) ; w∈ W (
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref15">15</xref>
        )
      </p>
      <p>The synthesis of the factor priority influence model on the technological process is carried out
by identiifying key factors specific to the process, constructing and analyzing an initial graphical
model, and processing expert assessments that define relationships between factors. The number of
factors and their conditional weights, based on different types of relationships, ultimately
determine their priority impact on the process.</p>
      <p>The proposed mathematical model is based on numerical indicators that reflect the number of
influences and dependencies between factors, along with their corresponding weight coefficients.
In this approach, the authors distinguish direct influences, referred to as 1st-order influences, and
indirect influences, classified as 2nd-order. Similarly, dependencies are categorized into 1st and 2nd
orders, with levels of importance also taken into account.</p>
      <p>To determine the total weight values of both direct and indirect influences of factors, as well as
their overall dependence on other factors, the authors introduce appropriate notations. Let kijk_{ij}
kij represent the number of influences or dependencies between j factor ( j = 1 , ... , n); wi is the
weight of the i type.</p>
      <p>In this context, the authors classify the relationships between factors based on the value of the
relationship type index. This classification allows for distinguishing different types of interactions,
which influence the prioritization and weighting of factors in the selection process, i.e.: i = 1 is
1storder influences; i = 2 is 2nd-order influences; i = 3 is 1st-order dependencies; i = 4 is 2nd-order
dependencies.</p>
      <p>For the calculations, the authors assign specific conditional values to the weight coefficients
based on the types of dependencies. It is assumed that the weights for both types of influences will
be positive, ensuring that their impact on the selection process is quantitatively accounted for, i.e.</p>
      <p>w w
w1 &gt; 0, w2 = 21 , respectively, for the dependencies will be negative, namely: w3 &lt; 0, w4 = 23 . The
integral weight values of the factors by the sums of the weights of all types of relationships will be
denoted as Sij.</p>
      <p>Finally, the authors derive the following formula for calculations, incorporating the assigned
weight coefficients and relationship types to quantify the total influence and dependence of factors
within the model:</p>
      <p>4 n</p>
      <p>Sij = ∑i=1 ∑=1 j kij wi (16)
where n is a conditional number of the management system selection factor.</p>
      <p>If a certain type of relationship is absent due to some factor, the corresponding value kijk_{ij}kij
in expression (16) will clearly be zero. This formula forms the foundation for determining weight
values, which serve as the basis for ranking factors while considering the different types of
relationships between them.</p>
      <p>Since, based on the given initial conditions, w3 &lt; 0 і w4 &lt; 0, the corresponding partial sums will
also have a negative value: S3 j &lt; 0 і S4 j &lt; 0. To adjust the weight values of the factors "to the
origin," ensuring they are positive, it is necessary to conditionally shift the histogram of the
integral graphical representation of all types of relationships upward. This requires introducing a
correction, which is determined based on the following relation:</p>
      <p>Taking into account (17), the final calculation formula for obtaining the final weight values of
the factors will look like this:
Δ j = max|S3 j|+ max|S4 j|, ( j = 1,2 , ... , n)</p>
      <p>4 n
SFj = ∑ ∑ ( kij wi + Δ j)
i=1 j =1
(17)
(18)</p>
      <p>The values SFj serve as the basis for ranking weights, i.e., establishing the levels of factors in the
technological process, which enables the synthesis of a resulting model that prioritizes the
influence of factors on the studied process. Based on this model and the scale of relative importance
of objects [22], a matrix of pairwise comparisons is constructed [22], the analysis of which leads to
an optimized model for ensuring the quality of the technological process.</p>
      <p>For further discussion, the authors will utilize the original graph of relationships between
factors (see Fig. 9). Using this graph as a foundation, they will construct hierarchical trees of
relationships for each factor, considering both direct and indirect influences.</p>
      <p>а)
b)</p>
      <p>Option f) represents the absence of influence of factor s6s_6s6 (economic effect) on other
factors, meaning its connection forms a loop.</p>
      <p>The total weight values of direct and indirect influences of factors, as well as their integral
dependence on other factors, were calculated, considering the notation and conditions introduced
above.</p>
      <p>For the calculations, the authors will assume the following conditional values for weight
coefficients in conventional units: w1 = 10, w2 = 5, w3 = - 10,w4 = - 5.</p>
      <p>
        As a result, for the original graph in Fig. 1, taking into account (
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>
        ), authors obtain an expression
for calculating the intermediate total values of factor weights:
      </p>
      <p>4 8
Sij    kij wi
i1 j1
(19)</p>
      <p>
        Taking into account (19), the authors obtain partial sums of factor weights, calculate the
correction for negative sum values, and, based on (18), construct Table (
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>
        ), which establishes the
ranks of factors and their corresponding levels of priority influence on the process of implementing
descents. As can be seen from Table (
        <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>
        ), 1, max|S3 j|= 40;max|S4 j|= 15. The specified values are
added in each row to the partial total values of the weights in the columns S1 j, S2 j S3 j, та S4 j. The
resulting weight SFj serves as a basis for the factor rank set up r j and its level, that is equal to the
factor influence priority on the process of the management system choice (table 1).
      </p>
      <p>The use of data from the "Rank of factor" column makes it possible to construct a multilevel
model that prioritizes the influence of factors on the process of selecting a management system
(Fig. 10).</p>
      <p>Thus, as a result of applying the ranking method, the ranks of factors were determined, forming
the basis for synthesizing a multilevel model of their priority influence on the selection of a
management system. The proposed ranking method enables the systematization and prioritization
of factors affecting the choice of a management system for a publishing and printing enterprise.</p>
      <p>The developed model can be used to make informed decisions in selecting the optimal
management system, ultimately contributing to increased enterprise efficiency.</p>
      <p>The intelligent PrintBoost system, designed using innovative principles, meets the requirements
of modern automated production in the publishing and printing industry while aligning with the
expectations of printing company managers.</p>
      <sec id="sec-5-1">
        <title>6. Conclusion</title>
        <p>The analysis of the current conditions of the publishing and printing industry showed that
traditional management systems do not provide sufficient flexibility, data integration, and
optimization of production processes. This creates a need for the implementation of intelligent
innovative solutions to increase the efficiency of enterprises.</p>
        <p>The development of the Printboost as an intelligent system, which is based on the principles of
design thinking, service design, and UI/UX design, allows users to integrate data from all stages of
the production process, automate planning and control, improve product quality, and most
importantly, the tool has a flexible modular structure and customer-production interconnection.</p>
        <p>The integration of intelligent algorithms into the Printboost system was ensured, which allows
users to automatically optimize the use of resources (materials, equipment, human resources) and
minimize production costs while maintaining high quality of the final product. The analysis
confirmed that the use of Printboost allows users to increase the productivity of publishing and
printing enterprises by 15–25%, reduce equipment downtime, reduce the percentage of defects, and
also provide a more flexible response to the individual needs of customers.</p>
        <p>The indicator of the productivity increase in the Printboost system by 15–25% was determined
based on the results of comparative experimental modeling and implementation of the system
prototype at a printing enterprise. To analyze the effectiveness of Printboost, a comparative
method “before/after” (baseline vs optimized) has been used, which included three stages: the basic
scenario (AS-IS) meaning the operation of the enterprise without Printboost, with traditional
workflow systems and manual planning; the optimized scenario (TO-BE) meaning work with the
integrated Printboost system, which implements automated planning, MILP optimization, CRM
integration and the DRUK API; comparison of key performance indicators (KPI) for identical or
simulated orders.</p>
        <p>The increase in productivity by 15–25% happens due to a combination of the following factors:
automated scheduling and resource assignment (MILP module); reduction of downtime and waiting
time between workflow stages; elimination of manual data entry via CRM-API connection;
increasing the accuracy of forecasting deadlines (SLA control).</p>
        <p>The Printboost intelligent management system contributes to the transition of printing
enterprises to the "smart production" model, increasing their competitiveness, flexibility and
strategic stability within the market.</p>
        <p>The implementation of the innovative Printboost system at a printing company, the system
which is developed based on the principles of design thinking, service design and UI/UX design,
allows companies to automate labor-intensive processes: quickly perform calculations, prepare
mockups for printing in one click, simply manage orders and production.</p>
        <p>The developed algorithms for the printing products manufacturing are formed for a specific
type of equipment, types of work performed by employees, in particular, there are no restrictions
on the number of employees, equipment and materials.</p>
        <p>The ranking method allowed to determine the most significant factors for the management
system choosing and build a multi-level model that takes into account their influence.</p>
        <p>Thus, the Printboost intelligent innovative management system is a promising tool for
increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of publishing and printing enterprises, and its
implementation will contribute to the digital transformation of the industry as a whole.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec-5-2">
        <title>Declaration on Generative AI</title>
        <p>The authors have not employed any Generative AI tools.
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</article>