=Paper= {{Paper |id=Vol-52/paper-8 |storemode=property |title=Supporting Development of Software Agents By Integrating Heterogeneous Repositories Based on Ontologies |pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-52/oas01-izumi.pdf |volume=Vol-52 }} ==Supporting Development of Software Agents By Integrating Heterogeneous Repositories Based on Ontologies== https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-52/oas01-izumi.pdf
                          Supporting Development of Software Agents
                           By Integrating Heterogeneous Repositories
                                      Based on Ontologies

                                             Noriaki Izumi                                                                    Takahira Yamaguchi
                                   Dept. Computer Science                                                                   Dept. Computer Science
                                     Shizuoka University                                                                      Shizuoka University
                                  3–5–1 Johoku Hamamatsu                                                                   3–5–1 Johoku Hamamatsu
                                  Shizuoka 432–8011 Japan                                                                  Shizuoka 432–8011 Japan
                            izumi@cs.inf.shizuoka.ac.jp                                                          yamaguti@cs.inf.shizuoka.ac.jp


                                                                                                             LN ( 4R&l" .> ( 0X0F $&N0  ( a ,>-$53
ABSTRACT         !"#$%"&'      "0`w' ( F *n (  ( 4# ( ``&P>  ( 3
(  ( &)+* , -/.0%12 43            ( " A0 R$+v#,#A -1 ( >05FW #>-.K ( 53
56879:,;"$ 0<=.=>? @3                      > =6Pn4V#-5 ( a. p>J0p&'$$5*
 &' (  ( 4A B?5"$""C D&)+* E $53                           `A H+%0 Gx
  ( #GF -5H5I0 0$9 5
            J0#- #K.= 4:K0$5-56MLN%O>0@&' "3
   *PQNF0* ( H ( Q0/A 5 (  ( #/&=5RS                    y 5 & (  ( #  ( >05k4kn"$
    T Q- (  (  "1AF&' "*PQB ( 5>-                                  0A B ( 5>05F
    #PUVP&WXR5 &WD0$5R$.            y &'A $#-5 ( 4 -/#2&'A $zR . ( 
             B&'9*  ( "06HY?1 #>-"5"$"0#O3                             (  ( #GF
     #-+%0 1%0Z.0%O[]\=^ \_  ( U"?# `5V 
      5?> V= 4&2 0, $ ( 5a>$"0` ( $53                   y 4&'+* A 45D&' (  ( 5-K&1 $ ( 3
       5J 03b"0$ ( 4 ( 5 FU51& 0#G$5-D0                                                                                                *n (  ( 0 , XA $5%TF‚ ƒƒTU5r&.
                                                                                                                   ( 5>05V&)„ . ( 2 ( r#HD4 ( 9 $5z;D
                                                                                                               R.45!>P#7+06f7+&'A $59%0F*P>F5
                                                                                                                 (  ( RR"P= P&NRU5` R ( ..0%
1.
h!INTRODUCTION
       /#P ( 0k>$"0=&W!7+0#4 (  "/3                          =  $f$9 = 06
>"0F2. ( D`>%JD 0/; ( >VD 5
        =  5-o&p#o 0<  Q@.0%q #:* ( "3                  t  J>0*50D&&'A $59%BKT ( 4" ( 3
 50>05-" r"$s%0V*K ( $56Nt #3               U ( 5 Ff1r01$%N~5†‡v€P&nˆ.
  D40F (( "r#R ( &N3u.454F-R$              ‰ >459%,#`U$&/ 5U ( + $l0#$$5 ( 06f7+/&'A $5+%
  &p$1. ( "?>-%S" 4s 0E TQ% (  (                           f>%pD r ( 0.f#P&W. "$
   1$%K&'TX ( = -H&'A M D-;$K                            >$/5 ( s>-$5%" $P O . (  (  ( #
    ( DFR.B $S&'HD$5%qA> +%K&"3                       = Vrr>%a= B ( 4# (  (  ( ,.454p"$
     n .$ ( "0/4 ( O R&' ( D0$F= 0                      *n5J .$5+%W6
       ( GF0&)+* 2$5.v5F= ,4D=6
                                                                                                                  d ;1r=  FD$&n4&'+* ,$5. r&'r.$5
                                                                                                          ˆ`eŠ $5 ( 1=#>-H. K=~† ƒF2†‹-F`†‚ €+6Œ{DD&
                                                                                                            4D5= $$%A>$ Ž  45V&)a -
                                                                                                                    $ ( 5" AX0#/&'2`.1 $ ( 3
                                                                                                            5-~†F=†F=† €96t "0FWp ( 9 $=$9 &'‘&'2
                                                                                                             >$"0V&245; $ ( rr>05=6Hn4
                                                                                                              $5.v5E 8$+ &'-’IJ#JS&' "*PQO&'H
                                                                                                               ( 4# ( #:&R0 $" $5 ( 56OnO 40F*P>F!
                                                                                                                ( $0 $+ 5V.+*A4&'+*V  ( D0 E.453
                                                                                                                 4/"$6
   d *n5,DI ( p&! -D A>*n 0#1 D-                       U3u r45z"D&' 4%4pM5"$"0s =6kY? ( $5$
#“#-5GF!50 ` Nk= $%2&'"             › ( 5>0+%N<5FP›ji{TxPjl.$is$>05B{" <5F 8›5 ( 3
 51 (  ( A 1R3uV&.` $53               5-=<0&'0 ( =6
  ( #nJXDTv5=6
                                                                                                                 nTsv1&`>$5D011# ( 4# ( #:&
   isF5A/E ( >VpUH4R5A (  ( 3                       0, $5 ( K HH 02"$p. ?&'_ ( 5U3
#r& -“"$n T $ ( 5GFs ( "#2&' "3                          ( 5-J ( "0F *n (  ( 0sv5`#V&4 ( 5$59%H ( K  ( "3
 *PQNF/* ( Œ50 JEIAJ&p5GF                    p ( J*n5R#T9*PQ1>09Rˆ!3uA 5$=YE.=F
  $H.`>-$5=6                                                                                    ApU$"%0 5,*n#aD4/&' ( "n3
                                                                                                                  $9 54p J= 2A = "06
t ’  01&RO .>3uD0S. ( Q0 F
 *P 4`>$"n"#$%&/ 0V $5 ( 3                          t PR 4/&lRž ( >$"F-*P/"$5%D
  #n.= 4HT$*JG .$5V#-5n ( B                "-$5%o&&'9* a #H&H = $%45O Ž=6
   3b./ ( 4n= . 0Q? H4&'+*V R$. 6                              h!"BD> 59%J&= Fl*PA $T"$%J?{D7+r< `3
                                                                                                               .45Vj ( m" .-Qa n = H$%1&' ( $9 3
7+4 (  ( !R."$ #V5"$"                         U ( ; J z0 5J&n ( >056
 #ŠJXA =F*PV.$5H#`
   45J:+*S 45J8I3u 3u$5>$x              LN&  ( 45A&/ 0r $5 ( J>$"0R#
   #O 0"4 ( U ( 5@ -5%Bo$5>-$R&R.                       R#-5!50 1.0%DP&' "*PQr5 !*5
       ( #>05 AA 0&)+* "%H;D$>$ &                   t †6
    &'9* , $ ( 5G6
                                                                                                              \nUF,r ( Q"RQ% (  ( &'Ÿ ( U ( 3
2&'"`5&'"$T 0< ( >5&)”4 ( 3                         5-H ( "0F0*P ( 4 ( n 04 ( U ( H3
5U ( T ( Ff Ap$9 np5`&' ( 4 ( 5               #-% ( $D$&NB ,>. (  ( G6f—2
   0r $5 ( 5&)• 0/"$6                                                   (  ( A X0 ( S&' 3u.5Ajl ( 4"m" 3
                                                                                                                  .Q  ( $+ 4UD502. .kw' ( !0$5% (( 3
\R#RT  ( =  (  ( &l#5*PQNF*>05/R3                        prY?—2s~‡ €! PR $ (  ( !0$%"s>0
  1 P&N"0$5H 1"$5"0 5.0%D"$s%03                              .0%Kjl (  ‰ >459%061^!. (  ( r&P3u.4Hjl3
  5?D5>-r&"ji{"A|jl.$–i$5>0K{D0=}F=*n (                            ( nm" .-QJ 4`3v  ,.%Dr&)¡ ( %"5&)Tv3
   > ( 4 - ( R.+*P"$ ; $53                             5-a&!3 (  ( 3v 0  ( 06"LN%TA Q&' ( D
    ( #G6lt  # 4Pp#P50 D&W                       54%J=  .= 41&# ( 4  ( D.+*P;*P
      45P. ">“n7+0F*P/D$5%Hef""                             &P ( "0 ?0$5p&P B>-.F o -
      g`\"h`iA&' ( JD5>-A SY?-—RA  =vK3                                  "$N5 ( 4 ( .0%1H 04 ( U ( 5J -5%W6
       #-$56
                                                                                                              —RX0F V#-%r&' $+ 0 5&l" 0"$
Y?1=>15"$"a+%0D%0˜.0%K[]\=^ \_                                      A ? 0&'9* , $5 ( 5 FG*>052#" 0n4&'3
 ( U"=v4P,> = 4P& 0V 3                       * %06
  $5 ( 5->$5D0!5 ( $55H 0"$A 5&) 5 F
    5$M 0p"0$/U5c 8 K"$D0 O&                           7+"4“# ( T ( 5>0#P& 0"$!#24&'+* 
     0n4&'+* 1 $5 ( 56                                                               "$5GFR*PBD$5%8#E5&' ( (  $B&Te=D"
                                                                                                               g\"h2i~††FN† € R`4s =  (  ( n&/j!i{D6/e=D"
                                                                                                                g\"h2iR #$5zD&'` = $%452 r>$5D0!&Q0*$
 2. OVERVIEW OF PROPOSED DEVELOP-                                                                                %0"E 8I ,a$9 = @ @5"5>-]# ( $+ &'%
7+?MENT
          /B SUPPORT
                    >D#V5U?#0v#"0/&!"$5a5&)3
                                  (                                                                               (  ( = $"0$5G6PL ,R"5>&lR&' (
&'0P$5>-$5 ( a PA Q05H 0"$ ( $0 F-5"$"0#3                               (  $0F*P (  ( ,`$5.v%T&!+%0 ( $== &!
 5Z !sv5$"5&) (  ( GF™.$5V4&'+*                        3uP$+v#2 1#"$5R ( /.0%V.5$3
              $ (  A4J F `0  ( @ ", #D .$543                  ?[v\!•|[v\=^ \¢\R0/ D$+ 0}~5†vƒ€ >T.0%;is &'
  D0!& D  &'qp  $5%0=$5>-$WRnD3                             ‰ >459%06
  $5"0 5E$>$96 d   0V&n10 5Ž                     7+"4p4 = zn#R&'A !&l= FG*P ( 4# ( 
   #Vr& 2 45R5`#". 5apQ%                      P&)+* /.kw' ( “0$%r= P># ( $9 45U ( D&
     ( A&R0 ( o 45F*n (  ( ";              &)+* .kw' ( =*n# ( 0$k r= “ ( G6kˆ` ( V= 3
     (  ( Fl #V$+ 2”0 ( Pp.R#R*$                       T5`&'A $5zA.0%#D> ( v.$9 %&!#V4&'+*V p.kw' ( 
       ( &W ( 4/ J ( >05f ( $R>. (  ( 6      0$5-%? Ee=D"Tg\"h2i6
       rQ%50`A ( >VD •2s*Ž,X ( /p>.                              LN% ( $5/!&'9* .kw' ( N$%1 £ ˆ2j d is7+r~5‚ €
               @ (  ( ? S$+v#45q H# ( ""               >05?.0%Ki5zQ ‰ 5>-+%S Hp$5.v%T&P5"$3
        ( A&R5&'A 5:&'šJ#-, 453             "0s D= GFr 0 "0$+FG. 5rDn>3
        5G6n (  (  ( a.V5>05J509*P,A 5 ( 3                      4s -0Fk `4$"0#*n5 ( 0$k ( /&=4&'3
         5Gx,5"$>$ (  ( #A K%0’5"$"                   *  ( 06!\ (]( 451#,`&'¡0 ( %B J%& ( 3
         $5>$ (  ( 6EY? ( $5$/#–› .45".kw) ( #G< c› &)#3                O "J#1$5.v5V&[]\!pF!e=D";g`\1h2i
          * ".kw' ( <Fk&'V0 ( =6"n">. (  (  ( E.1>05                        a£ ˆ`j d is79pFn 5$""$&lR&'9* r $5 ( 
           50OEA  ( x (  ( H&'H0A 3u$5>$.3                       . 5H.= J`4&'+* V.kw' ( 0$5-%06
            =#>0F . ( 3u$5>-$"5>V&'r.$œ$>05lF 
                                                                                                                ¤™¥u¦'§#¨-©'ª+¦'«¬ ­ ¬ «®¯¨ ¬ °)§±¦)ª+°² ¬ ¨ °)³´

                                                                                                           Process Handbook



                                                 ¿9Àu·¹ÁÃÂ Ä Â ÁÃÅbº  ¼¹¸ƙ·¹Ç5ÁÃÈàÀuº  ¼¹¸É·¹Ê)º                      Ë¯Ì Í Î Ï5Ð Í Í+Ñ¯Ò Ó Ð Ô ÕbÑbÏÕ Ö × Ö Ø5Ù

                                                                                                               co-occurence DB                                History DB




                                                                                                                ÚbÛ Ü#ÜÛ ÝÚbÞ#ßà                 WordNet


                                                                                                                      ávâ)ã¹ä+åæ9ç¹è å éêbëÃã™ìvã¹íuç¹î5ï å ç¹ëÃð                                             µv¶)·¹¸+º»¼¹½u·¹¾

                                                                                                                  û#üý þÃÿ                                                  ñ'òsó
                                                                                                                                ÷bú“ÑuÒ Ó Ð Ô ÕuÑbÏÕ Ö × Ö ØÙ
                                               µv¶)·¹¸+ºµvÀuÀu¾  ÁÃÅbº  ¼¹¸
                                                                                                                ô9õuö9Ñ÷)ø ù                                               History DB


                                                                                 !"$#&%   '(#

                                                                                                                                                                     &jl ( Vm" .-Qk6AL 4;;T .s>- 0sFk*P
+73."CONSTRUCTION
                     *PQNF*PD$5%p#3u.OF 45AGENT
                                                                     4/jl ( 4 MODELS
                                                                                     m1 .Qp&                                                               ( 4# ( n#`.kw' ( 0$%,5J`&'$$s*n5D*%kx
           {D7+rF ( $$@jl ( `m" .-QJ&'F ,p$5. % ( $9 3
 &'%J 005P&' ( / ( 46=
  5$$A p `"X ( 1&R¡0541 ( 4                                                                                   y (  ( 0 r=. ( “&'f0 ( `>. (  ( N&'
   /2#R5I ( &ln>*!.+*P" ( U (                                                                                            p (   ( 0%0F
     ( 5B Ž ( H5G6Ÿ7+o4HO.5-
     #1I ( 0FN*P (  ( p? 04 ( U ( ;3                                                                                    y X0 ( 5"N5  ( 0%2&'o (  ( 0 `4.3
      #-%.0%,"$%1Y?-—Rr 1` $f$X ( $f 45%W6                                                                                          4# ( #0F
       t 54FG" 0 ( 5U ( 51 -5%1>05E nQ%                                                                               y ( 0HD0p.&PT  0   ( r&P0 ( A
         ( V.55"p4 ( U ( 5J ( D0" Ojl ( 4                                                                                     (  ( sF
         m" .QN6 n=F`*n /&' "*PQ (  ( ; 
            EX0#G ( VD0B&P¡08 ( 5>0#V&'–D -5%                                                                                 y 51#`0p. ( 0H&'n (  ( F
          &njl ( 4/m" .-Qk6
                                                                                                                                                                                    y "T $$lRH5v ( 0%".0%D0#0 ( r .3
                                                                                                                                                                                         4# (  (  ( #V (( 5""Y?—2s6
+73.1        Building
                       f ( $+ 4&'%2Object
                                           ! Ontology
                                                        (  ( fX ( V&'Šjl ( 4
 m" .QNFf*P,D$5%a#1YE—RJ HD $0$5%                                                                                      \ (( A?1YE—R< r4 ( 0F=*U4.3
  #  ( 0 5rs>-†F ƒƒ-ƒ (  ( 6,m2s*P>-Fk&/*P"$5z                                                                           ( V& (  ( n. 5O . >J " R0$%0F
   Y?—22 5“FGR0r. !& ( 5= 2X$50!. ( 4                                                                                  >05:= 1T59%;&#J"0 ?">K;
    &P>v59%J&#D*P=< p"0 O A? p.+%T&                                                                                          $ ( 5TA 5as>-/p$+v#A&!Y?—2s6t 3
     #V*B ( "06“Y:H# . ( 5JV&n                                                                                    "0F*a*rUXJp$%H&) (  ( 5
      ¡"0  5=F!>. (  ( !& A ( #>059%rn $                                                                         A B0$5-%0F (  ( p&'FN=vV5TDQE&nA 0 (
       5/&'H> &'4 ( U ( HA Q/2"`5I (                                                                               5&'"M1 ( 5U ( A =F!&)#: (( A  ( 4"5žD3
        &>05*n 0!p#U56N7+ ( 0 F! (  (                                                                    (  ( %KK.$5B0$5-56”h!A; ( A# ( 41&
         &=H ( 5>0+%, ( D  5>$% ( $50 1 O 0 n$9 $5%                                                                          ( 4# ( #=F*Pr"$s%T#V"0$%&'2$>05
          5J#` ( "6                                                                                                                                          (  ( 5&)s~†*) €96ft r‡s*nP#4# ( #n&lR.kw' ( 
                                                                                                                                                                             0$5-%. 5 6
   isF, ( $9 45&'%1R (  ( r  0 pEjl3
( Rm" .-QkF*P ( 0pAsw' (  ( 2*J ( 
 #,Dr&2 . ( 5K a&'¡ ( %H.%T,YE3                                                                              Y 3.2"Determining
                                                                                                                                                                      @             . 2nUAgent’s
                                                                                                                                                                                                               5D&Activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    n.452 ( >+% ( 3
  —R6N\R ( 59nr$ ( nA™w)n (  ( F-*P2 #%                                                                                 p,P¡5"0 ( "0F“5ž ( $#V5$5z
     #0ET$p&P#3uV.kw' ( VB#1U5                                                                    p  (  ( $“ ( V&!D ( 2= . 0QH. ( 
                                                                     business
                                                                     process                   ++   transportation
                                                      activity                                      transaction


                                                                                               +
                                                                     action                         improvement
                                                                                                    production                 virtual production
                                                                                                    management
                                                                     labor                          temporary labor
                                                                                                                               business strategy
                                                                                                    strategy                   human resource strategy
                                                                                                                               organization strategy
                                                                                                    program plan
                                                                     plan                           process plan
                                                                                                    resource plan              information resource plan
                                                                                                    experiment plan
                                                                                                    initial design             initial process design
                                                                     design                         detailed design
                                                                                                    product design
                                                                     data
                                                                     reference information
                                                      information    graphic information
                                                                     transaction information
                                                                                                                               physical infrastructure      storage location infrastructure
                                                                                                                                                            data life cycle
                                                                     structure                      resource structure         information infrastructure   enterprise system architecture
                                                                                                                                                            enterprise support system
                                                                                                                               financial structure          capital structure
                                                                                                    document                   book                         catalog                           electronic catalog
                                                                                                                                                            import report
                                                                                                                               management report            export report

                                                                                               ,
                                                                                                    report
                                                                                                                               custom report
                                                                     written_communication          statement
                                                                                                    web page
                                                                                                                               product order
                                                                                                                               purchase order
                                        NounConcept                                                 order

                                                                                               +
                                                                                                                               mail order
                                                                                                                               purchase offer
                                                                     product
                                                      merchandise    service                        temporary service
                                                                     money
                                                      asset          gain                           income
                                                                                                    cost
                                                                     loss                           payment
                                                                                                    charge                     tax
                                                                                                                               duty
                                                                                                    infrastructural resource
                                                                     physical resource              financial resource
                                                                                                    ongoing resource
                                                                                                    internal resource
                                                                                                                               internet                     electronic store
                                                                     tool                           computer                   local software
                                                      resource
                                                                                                                               older employee
                                                                                                                               part−time employee
                                                                                                    employee                   full−time employee
                                                                                                                               sales force
                                                                     human resource                 supplier
                                                                                                    customer
                                                                                                    supply chain partner
                                                      organization   enterprise
                                                                     workforce



                                                           -. /0" /1/324567#83"$#09;:=<>  59%O&`*P
  5A ( "r An5Kjl ( 4/m" .QN67+H/
   50&'%, H -< R ( >5=&'!0 ( >p.0%“F
    *P>0p DX0 ( 5D" ( =  2!*n  “&'`jl ( 4
     m" .Q.= 4H`.kw) ( 0$5%W6
*n V#0$!5 ( " -;&PD=  . V&1&)$53
$5*1&'A 5 6“t 54FW# ( 3u ((  ( V&'A H&
  (  ( n5JpU5J&/ O 0< D ( >+%,/.3
  sv5  ( $+ 4U@*n5@4 ( ,Oa4# ( #T&
   .kw' ( V0$%06 Ff#D5&'A 5;rA a (( 45.$
          1T=  .= 4A&R ( 3u ((  ( 06@\nT "J5"0F                                                                        ( B8CED GF;  $9 .$5 ( $$ ( #1
     ( 3b ((  ( p06VLN%H1.H&! ( 3u ((  ( H 
      &'¡ ( %a&'A =F=#1*n r$P$;DT0  ( 
       #PU5D& ( >05frP4= ( &fjl ( “m" .-Qk6                                    ( 5>0+%r&lR"$5P¡=6f7+"P#V5>-" ( >053
        -#3u9%"$N/*n,Ht )6                                                   5` = $l5&'A 5H= P54,&'r $5 ( 
                                                                                                                                >$"0F*P/ RR$. %"&l" $ ( "3
                                                                                                                                 $9 0F0* ( HUn ( V&Np= &n $5 ( 
 4. BUILDING SUPPORT OF AGENT APPLI-                                                                                              S#& K&RQ0*$H4%4#’>$"0D*
        CATIONS                                                                                                                     ( "= n4 ( 0$%06LN% ( 4 ( 5"
 4.1 Building Data Structure Ontology for Reuse                                                                                     .45p4&'+* "%?*n#EG .$5,"$9 D&
                                                                                                                                      £ ˆ`j d is7+rFNef""Tg`\1h2iFN[v\!” H54#4 ( $N=  . F
7+;of
           "Libraries
              1*%?&P.$5J1.kw) V0$5-%0FN1 
                                                                   (                                                                  -D $ ( 5/. =6
 ( /0$5%a|'t 5}N5 (  ( A Tv513
  0p0$%T&) $5. V50B#H"$s%W6
  2&'9* 2.kw' ( 0$%">P*P&'X0= D3                                   4.2 Model Refinement Based on Application
  T T0$/ ( K R.5$aF ( QK S 
  &DF ( 5S ( $ ( $9 5-E4 0Fl= V ( V&'                                   Y? Templates
                                                                                                                                      45 n &“ 0 $ “.= 4rD
                                                                                                                                         (                          (                           (
   5"$"  $5D J"=6                                                                                 0,  (  ( #rH. ( D?.0%AD&' ( 1
                                                                                                                               :  Œ QNF 4"?DJ&'A O&R
 d S1 -&>$@ 0H $5 ( V&'                                            JI ( / ( %1/n QN6f4
# 0f"$0.  . >0F“ $5VU5V& 0 (                                              ( =  ( #z,.0%,&'$$5*"#`&' ( x
                       world                state         model
                                            action         state_transition
                                   element
                        entity                      int                     significance
                                   set              double                  occupancy
                                                    relative_value          necesity
                                     value          raw_data                out_of_range
                                                                            weight
                                                    truth_value              depth
                                                        standard_point      contorollability
                                       condition        ideal_range
                                                         id
                                         index           key
              all        data                            name
                                        constraint
                                         sentence
                                         description
                                         expression
                                         formula        equation
                                         list
                                         atom                             best
                                         string
                                                                         good
                         knowledge            advice
                                              equation (gb)              bad
                                                                         worst
                                                          (value)          nonvariable
                                                                           variable
                         qualifier
                                                                                                         ( T8UV !#0@/8W  @@6-$5"0 ( 4F" 
                ( L80551U"0$5 ( F
  |†}VD&) ( 5O=  (( 4r#1A B15
          4 ( &=, 0F                                                           |‡}`4s = z5n*%p&lRQ0*$D|¹ `}kA =v3
                                                                                                               "0F
   |‡}VR&' ( 5= XN DR$9 ( " , ( 0#0
           &N4 ( F                                                                        |O)} ( $9 45&'%0O: S= H& ( $` ( 
                                                                                                               >T#"4 ( U ( 6
    |O)}`&) ( 5a? ( ¡0JD4 r&'ZD4D A
            0#`"G 06
                                                                                                   7+;4V#AQo (  ( .+*PE ( 5V&
                                                                                                     ( 5U ( 5 `D$5"0 5GF0£ ˆ2j d is7+EN3
I ( /5UT.0%19*Pr& #`X0x                                            .0%3uA = $5z0 H&2 S .4#G ( R ( 5J0#E
                                                                                                       $5r5"$"0s "$9FW =!&'$$5*n52*#%1|'t 
                                                                                                       ‚}x
   |}V&' ( 5K;&' @"&'%;T545O K
         45` ( n& # 0F
                                                                                                          6“4$5 ( A/ #&N`"0,$5.v%? (( r
  |'.=}n&' ( 1"A Q" ,rER"G 2pR6                                   R Q9%`&nRQ0*$4%4TF
                                                                                                       .=6 (  ( ?Q0*$H9%J&R5F!T S&'3
n&) D*Qp&l ( p.= "*n#p .>n&' ( 5                        ( 1.0%J45,D4&'+* ".kw) ( `$%B ?
     ,5&) ( ``5/ 5zE r 0"$+ n.0%                      . A.454n"$P np¡054D0/ ( U ( 3
&'5a@[v\! |#[]\=^ \Š\R0D="$9 0}R&;isv&'                              =F
 ‰ 5>-+%W6ft #D-0F0 $5H"$+ GF ( 4 -
  #,50R9%/& ( "p ( H"$55>-J.0%;ef""                       ( 6R 5a ( 0$f4 ( 2 ( 5*n5J
   g`\"h`iF 4&'"Œ 50 ( 5O"$9 D*n5K                            . H&'A H&=Q0*$V+%0 0F
      J ( D|¹t“54‹}6                                                            =6“4$5 ( Ž1= @&'"0 ( S5D&) ( 5K&2#J3
                                                                                                                 ( 5S  ( 051# .s>- ( 46
 4.3 Building Reusable Templates for Imple-
t ”#mentation
         "   `of&!Applications
                                 nU"$9  R&'R0P 5                  t = $$5%WF*0< >,>05A‡‡r"0;#a .4 ( 3b=v#
                                 (                                                     (            $>$+F‡/"! ( $D$3u.$53u1&) ( 5
& ( = T!.454 D0$9F*.$H DXr3                vD3 ( `$5>-$+Ff E‚/"0nT`"$3b$>$96
 &' ( !5"5>-]N&fef""g`\"h`iP50Q £ ˆ`j d is7+@|£ ˆ .$5
     j (  d &`is ( U ( 53u7+"$"0sv#E D$+ }SR*n ( 
  ( p.k ( $9  5>-“A 0 ( N"$s%V1e=""`g\"h`i                  5. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
       ? ( G $“A 0# ( `$5QTjl$56`\”5`&2p ( 453
   #S5c£ ˆ`j d i7+pFkUŒ T$+ 5q "AF              7+5.1
                                                                                                     HPersonal
                                                                                                                45Agent
                                                                                                                    (           #`> $Construction
                                                                                                                                           5]4D , .$5+%,&= 4
    V 1&' ( `Q0*$0FG ( $$5EGQb&' ( 5HR6   &' "*PQNFv*0< >“D$5"0`2 .s>-!" (  54o.0%"[v\ ^=\
       ijk lnmnonprq s tnu vu w
        \7]_\^ `]_ac^ `bNad b*e
                    \7]_\7^ `]_ac^ `baf bhg
                                                      |~}@ €‚ €~ƒ‚„ †S‡(|5ˆ@|~„ „ €‚‰ †


                                                    Š } ƒ‚‹S†@ƒ~‰ €~|~„ †@‡(Œ@†S‹@1 €~Ž@‡S€
                                                     ƒ‚} |~Ž@Ž@ †S‡(ƒ‚‹@†S„ ‰ ‹@ „ ‰ Sƒ‚„ S‰ €
    ormnivs xnpnmnxrk mnq mrynw


                                                                    ŽS}@‰ €‚ˆS€‚|~„ †@‡( ‰ ‹@‘ |~}
    z k vxnonvu onpnorvk vpnlns ju vu {lnw
                                                                                                            ( œ8W" @“#0D                  W"$# !"#

                                                                                                          \o4/$5P*n# ( "$5 ( %r` P&)$5$*xPe=$9 45z0x
                                                                                                                ‹ ƒR$”›P ( $9 GF0{Tv5" Q0 ( pxP£=  ( 3
                                                                                                           5-;>9pˆ3bA $5T|‹p.kw' ( J†7)‹pA $5D&' $9}#Ffˆ!> $= 3
        ’ “T|' " 2 .>0}FW{TvQ2 ( 4
                                                                                                             &!."545-=F> $5=v#=F T 4Q A4:|ž)X ( R&'
                                                                                                                 ‡ ƒƒp0 • ‰  = a#>- $5% )P#"&'0 ( DX0 ( }6
                                                                                                              7+&)A #O4 O?Y?.8|† ƒaX0 ( 54F = Œ‹
50pn3u+%0p0$! a $550 ( RP&                5"D> $%N}#6
 (  ( " -P $ ( 5=&'Œ ( V ( "G6               £ $%20 Qr .l!$5F‹‡f"0f&-!"$5"0 53
  Y?V Q- O 0< / Q"4/A = "0/&                             $>$/ pK> $%H&'20 ( A 4Qk6/7+"$D0 A 
   $+ 3u ( $$ ( #`$5B $5$fp  ( 4`%W6                      . ( D$5o o†DJ &' ( >T14 ( 3
Y?V4`H 0nA ( n$5QR0A H (  %$•W3                            U ( VET >  ( ?- "D6D\n5"0Fl
 &'H5r5UŒ "5SG D ( 5J D0A                                     02*n5z0 A ( J*n#:`4D .Rp Q03u ( 5U (
  V ‰ —R7n– d i*n=>1#5*?"D5 ( %a                             ¡054D04 ( K `> $= 5E&P "6Vt #D-0F
   ‰ —R7r–"FW Dˆ3uA 5$= 2  ‰ £˜—6™r 0  A 4                               7+"$" p= =.  ( "$5H G)=R &'N3
    #A &'4œ.0%a ( 5>05aˆ!3uA 5$VOH pp.0%E4 3                       ( >pn ( 5U ( v# ( "#$# ( %06N7+"
     ( + $ ( "T >9I™ ‰ 72&[]\=^ \ $5G6p7+? ( 0Fk*P                              =  TX5 ( "&!# -2>$5D0" #V&)D
      >&'$$5*"&' ( p 5 š /" ( = 3             $ ( #` . J  H"X$ ( #06
       54"xf0v5š *5D&) ( 5&NU$52%0Š5 ( $55
        mRp{8—,U$5GF5š  ( 5>05/&' ( 5p&ˆ3uA 5$FX (  3
         5H&' ( #a&P= V:[v\ ^=\_ $F  $ ‰ —R7r– ( D3              \ 5.2
                                                                                                           R     E e-Business
                                                                                                                           HX5"Application
                                                                                                                                                   0 $2%WFP5@Construction
                                                                                                                                                                         0 (  ( 4A4#%0FP4D
          T r H4D;|'t ,}6                                                          = 0nX0. 5A&'•7+0D O "R ( 3
                                                                                                            U ( 5H ( D06kYE`=#>- ( "= H. 9*P#`"$
  h!>$ 4!$ ( T  ( $=< A Q-#4&'+* /%03                  & ( 4`s>0H.%Tjl ( m" .Q? ,
#AFW* ( G 54UJ#`¡054D0B >  ( `*Je                            .$n.0%1`3b9%$|'t ,}6
 $+ -= p[]\=^ \"6
                                                                                                            £ $%"0 QA .#R$F XA $5%A ƒIŸŸ ( 3
$`& p Q# H 0sF>-$5.0%;R                          5>05 &0 (  ( P%V"$ P"r&)q= 
*AH 02*n5z0 =< 2$5=F 2, a# ( 0#0/&                       XGF =Fs0 ( 5"$"0s p= !.  ( "$T 
     ( $9 !4.kw' ( *nRr 0!*V 2 ( = $$%D4a R*n                      †P/ &)# ( >#P= 0!X0=& ( $9 5"R D 5$
 5J#`&'$$5*n5-x                                                                                n ( 5U ( v#G6
\¢14$R5@ >  ( AvD"H5 `&'$$s*nxDe=$+ 4                     n: .s>-a"0 J# , ( 4,&pŽ $ ( @>-$53
 zx"† ƒ-ƒJ $>›† ( $9 GF!{T E 4Q ( Exr£                     "0= P.  ( "R=va‹ ƒŸŠ  ( "= ,*
   ( 58>9Jˆ3uA 5$O|†‹JX ( O†*)‡AT $H&) $9}F                 .0%V =F=v“& #4%4#M= !. 1&'"T . 
   ˆ!> $= S&R" ( >Œ|' "; T .>0}FR{A Q3                         ( ""J ( `&n 0V $5 ( Fk J= A 
    5, ( 2&!4."54=F> $= =FWA Q a:|†‹                    0 (  ( $D./15&k*P/=> ( Q-A 1
     X ( J&)?† ƒƒB40 • ‰   M> $%SU>J#"6}F                   "DX0  ( "H1.$ ( V$5. %06V—2s*rF*A 
     7+&'A O0 5SaYE.8|#†vƒaX ( GF = 8‹                       = $%0z5E a50>4# E .pX0 " $
      #"D#>- $5%N}F                                                                               5V;1>$5D0pEr%0" 
                                                                                                                                                ¦ §©¨ª¦ «ž¬­«c§1®@¦ ¯h°c§5±5«²§1³
                                                                                                                                                                Common Task
                                                                                                                                             Convertion         Ontology




                                                                                                                          Communication                                             Communication
                                                                                                                                                             Common Domain
                                                                                                                                                               Ontology

                                                                                                                                                                                    Cooperation
                                                                                                                            Cooperation

                                                                                                                                                                                         Model
                                                                                                                                Model              Communication


                                                                                                                             Originator_ES                                            Recipient_ES
                                                                                                                                                     Cooperation

                                                                                                                                                                                         Send a message to
                                                                                                                                                            Model                        Recipient
                                                                                                                                                                                         Send messages
                                                                                                                                                                                         back to Originator

             ¡£¢67 #0@"¤=%   '(#1@" ¥CJK                                                         User                     Recipient_ES                   Reference of

                                                                                                                          ´W"¤ @µ5¶Gµ5¡£%
                                                                                                                                                                                         common Ontology




#`$5n*$$N.` J05$N ( &' ( 06                                   %0Š5PD0$,.0%D*n> ( .$9 %0FV ( 0>43
                                                                                                       p&4 ( 5$59%2n= =5 ( p VP"G f0k&'
                                                                                                        kX0l4%4DG6l7+!*PQNF]*P"$5%"N ( 5U ( v#3
                                                                                                          5l|#ii}'3b.  ( -  =F ( $$, 4 ( 0= 5 ~ €96
6., DISCUSSIONS
                 .>$R& #`X0 " $f%"0 R#                 n! 2 ( 5U ( v# ( "k&) £ ˆ2j d is7+E$5. %2*n ( 
( &  $5 ( 5T>$"0= .J ( H"                        >-A B ( ""@ ( A&RM @>. (  ( #
 # O‹ ƒŸŠ  ( D H*,.0%= =F0=v`&=%03                           = ", ( D"A ,0$%E , ( D" Q
  # = J. 8 &'4D• . ( ""Ž4# ( #?&                                0$5-%06”\RHa"#A&pD0$5lFn 5 $5zF
        0r $5 ( 5Ff J= RA 5K 0n4# ( # ( $J.                ( -  A  ( Dr ( 5J|'*n } .,X03
   A& *=>r4s ( QO AH4DDX05 ( V#,                              /4%4#" ( "p=F *PV/‘20#A a03
    .$ ( $. %06N—R*pF*P1 r = $%zJ 10> 3                  5@0>"01&',5.@X"4%4#",79—R3
     5B .1 X05"0 $ Va>$3                        h!79ˆ2i|¹t“5}6
      D0Rn4%4#"D Hp4$5n*n5$$N.`
      0#$N`*Q4=6                                                                7+:1>,*PQNFR,0r. &25U ( ,$541.3
                                                                                                        DrX ( = -5`P"4 ` "2P#-
\R ( "= r*n5D$9 p*PQNF™ PnA 5rU$                   X0 %0"6 mR*P>P*% (  ( n ( ""
 &P0  ( 8 0 x ( $9 5&'%0H4 ( U ( FN.$5O Ž 3           0$5-5D5D5$$A Œ p&'*PQN6 d  ( 
  $5 ( 5-B JDXD$. 6                                     *PQ ( . `l B pR*Ÿ  ( "V3
                                                                                                          / -5. HT0$56
t 54Fl R5 ( H,7+0 ( #=F00r. n& *PQ,; 3
        $5%0z5D.45n ( 5U ( 5J= . J.0%a{"7+pFˆ3
 . ‰ >+% r4R=6k5“*PQf>%`455U ( 0/           \ 7. ( CONCLUSION
                                                                                                       R                         ( $=FW# ( ""0>"0F0* ( H 
       `&' D0 $=0  (  •W*P>FD4R&!# H                    %0= " ((  ( r&f 0 "$n J $5 ( 5f&'
         . ( J B $&) D*Qk6O£ ( 0#$%0Fjl ( 4rm" 3              ( 5U ( 5r ( "0F$5r.P>$D&)Nn
  . 0Q,5/>054J0#"3vLNDjl ( /m1 .Q; J3             o&' O3u55¢ 0HV0?& ( 5U ( v#@  ( 146HLf`D4                                (( ?;# ( = 1&2# #5S ( D5
    &Pš Dw'4`UJ.0%J  $ $+ = "#X06isF                       0>"0; @5H Q06Œt „4 50# ,
     *PQ ( a. Dl S #D50 A*QT$5zD                   pD$B.  E: ( >
      $+ H*PQN6                                                                                 RU1P&lp $5 ( 1>-$5"0F*n #>-
                                                                                                            KT&' "*PQO&RTX ( K&`T¡
    is ( =Fp$5,&`*Q?  ( 5o1o.$5o $53                    &'A 5S.= BO$r*n#O .$5,#-5
( #p7+ ( $A&)+* "AU$5 ~5†F) €+Ff.V%                 ( K 3u.V ( 42= .QNF!e=D"ag\"h`iT 
 ``5I0+%0 `&N0$ ,$9 = nI 0                               £ ˆ`j d is7+r6v7+Vk (  ( N2 0k"$ Vn"3
  = &l>$"06PisF"$2 1$+ = P4$".                         $"R 2# ( =v$ 0n ( $&'9* , $3
   UH"&) D*Q? n*PV=6                                                 ( 5-F*P>$5V9*P/#-5=p5I03bv53u$>$5Gx
                                                                                                                 ? 0 ( 5U ( 5?%AE$>$!& - ( 3
       d &' "*PQT2. Ao`4s  -50`= `5`5`ž ( $5                       5>05; 8#K -H4&'+*V T -5%@8a$5>-$R&
#A T 2*$5, -G05F0. 4.$5`"                         &)+* B $ ( 5G6at D 4,:#50 5-
 T 0%= &=6/£ ( 0#$%0FkR&'*Ž&=p40  (  (                               &N 45. 1s>-R7+0F*P
 #RD0$5p"$5-%p&N*n$245R (                           "$s%Sef""ag\"h2i5&) ( V5"#> EY?—2
         Rp$53v 0!%0A~ €+6=7+5* #%0, 05.                     n =v0$56
  5$$-A p#R . ( l4 ( f&WUr 0f$6
                                                                                                      Y?=#>-"D$5"0a#1-#9%0 D4%4_.0%:[v\ ^=\Z 
   t 5 $5$%0FV1$&w' (  (  ( 0 TKB$5.v5F       ( U"Œ# ,H4#TJŽ>v5J= 4&T -
    $D ; $ ( D Hs>0,R0p.n&  43               $ ( 5O>$"0V ( $K 0r"$PA 5&) 3
     56 d &nD>r*PQ0p5DB0  B&        5-=Fsv5$Œ 0< 5&) ( J ( E c K"$D3
      #1rXr%0"~‹ €+6;LN ( ,0 ( OX                  5?&2 02&)+* A $5 ( 56Rt #D-0F*PJ 
3bl 5z10 ( n5J" J5/rp.$ ( 6

8.        e=0FNh26 —R=FN{T6{A#%0U$=F·Q d .kw' 
~5† €1jk65REFERENCES                                                                                   (
                                 {"$xis Ffj F¸@\2$5 ( ORF¹!
                                  jlGFk†6
~5‡ €1en6 t $$5. =xEQbYEORF{"7+ jlFN†6
 ~~) €1{A6 t *$FYQb\R $5%0pj“ #x/jG .$ d .kw) ( 
                                   {"$ORFW\2543uY?4$5%WF†-6
  ~ €1{A65£/6‚™P4#O Oi6jl6 g` (  ( $9xis&'+*V `\2GF
                                    e=\pen{T6 $96~)6 —R66k|† } ©º‹7)6
   ~5‹ €2—"6 7+z"9F\165{A % AF\"65iszQ9F0p6 ¹2 A  ( +x&Qb\R
                        7+0 5>-ˆ>0"n&'rh>$5"ˆ!X0
                                     is%0"ORAjl ( 6ˆg\=Y¢<5=—f—R\R76†‚‡†F-=6~)*)-‹©º) ƒF
                                      is5-]ªº^!$+ A|†}6
    ~5‚ €2—"6 7+z"9F\165{A % AF\"65iszQ9F0p6 ¹2 A  ( +x
                                              Q hB J7+"$"0sv#&/£= .$,{D0
                         —f5. %&'Vh!>-$5"0& ˆXDis%4DªRFl[v $
                          &/[-is\R7™Fk† Fk‚Ff† ƒ‚†©º† ƒ†Fk|†}FB[-  06
     ~5 €2—"6 7+z"9Fr6 ¹RvT  ( 9x&Q h!>$Ais&'+*V `\2
                                       LvHBj0 (  d 0$5%; ;j (  d 0$5%RF
                                        jl ( 60ˆ`ef\R793bƒƒDY?-Q4,\R$5 ( 5& d 0$5
                                                Ojl.$8ºis$>A{D0r|‡ ƒƒƒ}/ 3v†©»c 3v‚6
      ~5 €2ˆ`6 \"6 g= $$9FYQ £ ${D0$xj /&N\2n\R= $%45
                                                 OhHRFlLN45H $5 (  [v $i ( 9 $k7+4`
                                         h (  $5zOLNDis%4DGFl|†}6
       ~5 €2n,{D79Ÿjl ( /m1 .Qajlw' ( x
                           0=x~š7š (( 6 "6 ˜š 
        ~5† ƒ€,en65[65j #0xEQb\R0#3vLvHˆ!5F-pYE.E 
                            7+0$$5 ( 0R"7+ˆˆˆKˆXFf†‚6 ‰ £˜—x
                             0=x~š7š w#>6  =6  š
         ~5†† €™ri ( . Fr $+xNg*$pˆ55J 
                                          {A = "0sx“e=""g\"h2i{D0$5-%0F{D7+
                                           jl"|†}6
          ~5†‡ €,{A6 ‰ 4$=Fr $9x=nˆ0#54 d $%WFg`*n$5-
                              ˆA£ >*rF ^!$965†*)-F5is ( +v$l7+4p;jl#
                                            d 0$5n ‰ 0|†}6
           ~5†*) €r6 ¹2 A  ( 9xPe= ( ah!A  d 0$5rL 
                               Sef ( #;h5&'/\R=v$5%0F-7[-e=\R7Y?Q0J
                                             d 0$5r Ojl.$5"3vis$>a{D0x —f
                                —f0 B Ht #2=pFN†*)v3 †R32†*) 3vFN|#†-65}
            ~5† €,is`0=x‚š*š **n*p6 ( ""Q 6 >6 $
             ~5†‹ €,is`0=x‚š*š **n*p6 $96 .A6 ( ¼š $ š
              ~5†‚ €,is`0=x‚š*š w>-6 4=6 ( - š w4‡ š
               ~5† €,is`0=x‚š*š **n*p6 &'=6 ( ¼š
                ~5† €,is`0=x‚š*š **n*p6 A  ( 6 ( ¼š
                 ~5† €,is`0=x‚š*š **n*p6 .kw' (  ( 06 ( ¼š