Ontology of Ontology Patterns as Linked Data Integration Tool

Abstract

The paper present preview of ontology of ontology design patterns and transformation patterns being developed as support tool for emerging ontology design techniques and methodologies. The Linked Data initiative was started by Tim Berners-Lee as an architectural vision for the Semantic Web. It explores the idea of Semantic Web as puting emphasis on making links so both people and machines can explore the interconnected web of data [1].

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Person

Person FOAF

Role Relation-type

Event

Event Person (n-ary relator)

Person Time-interval

T1

T3

Relation-type Person (n-ary relator)

Person

T2

Role Relation-type

Event Person (n-ary relator)

Person

As an use-case we choose the FOAF project and it's `knows' relation. Since 2004 there was more than 1 million FOAF documents and 79% of them utilized the knows property [ 2 ]. The typical needs of ontology engineer working on top of some Linked Data source comprises of transformation or aligning data to some more complex ontology either newly designed or already existing. This is also case of knows relation that in its FOAF implementation is very simple and doesn't allow expressing more complex relations among individuals.

In the case of newly designed ontology use of ontology design patterns (ODPs) proved the most e ective and the least time consuming way of doing it. In context of our use-case we can think of several iterations of ODPs that represent more or less complex or expanded view on `knows' relation as is depicted on Fig. 1. These ODPs can be connected together using prede ned transformation patterns (OPPL), It seems to us that having library of such prede ned pattern transformations at hand could make such design tasks easier and much faster. Our ongoing work proposes development of such library on top of existing portal OntologyDesignPatterns.org, but 1) in form of ontology, 2) with explicitly stated relations, 3) that are formally de ned and 4) with appropriate transformations (OPPL) between related patterns, that enable automatic transformation from one pattern to another. We also focus on providing more ne-grained analysis of relations (like specialization/generalization) between ontology ODPs.

Logical ODP

Content ODP ODP

Ontology Patterns (OP)

SourceODP

TargetODP

Such a library would could be easily integrated with methodologies like Extreme Design (XD) [ 3 ] and respective development tools like NeON or Protege. This extended abstracts presents early preview of architecture of ontology being developed on Fig. 2. For additional information see http://keg.vse.cz. Acknowledgments This work has been partially partially supported by the IGS 4/2010 and by the CSF grant no. P202/10/1825 (PatOMat - Automation of Ontology Pattern Detection and Exploitation).

References

1. Tim Berners-Lee. LinkedData. http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData. html, 2009 .

2. Li Ding , Lina Zhou , Tim Finin , and Anupam Joshi . How the semantic web is being used: An analysis of foaf documents . In Proc. of the 38th ICSS , 2005 .

3. Valentina Presutti et al. eXtreme Design with Content Ontology Design Patterns . In Eva Blomqvist et. al., editor, Proc. of the WOP 2009 , coll . with ISWC-2009 , volume 516 . CEUR Workshop Proceedings , 2009 .